Diplopherusa shibatai ( Miyatake, 1965 )

Murakami, Hiroyuki, 2016, Review of the generaDiplopherusa and Paracladiscus (Coleoptera: Cleridae: Tillinae) from Japan and Taiwan, with descriptions of two new species, Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 56 (2), pp. 725-741 : 732-735

Diplopherusa shibatai ( Miyatake, 1965)

( Figs 4–5 , 13–14 , 28, 34, 40 , 49–50, 55–56, 61)

Gracilotillus shibatai Miyatake, 1965: 21 (original description, incl. fig. 1C–D, pl. 3C).

Diplopherusa shibatai: NAKAMURA (1986) : 40 (faunistics); MIYATAKE (1985): 152 (noted, incl. fig. 22, pl. 24); SATÔ (1998): 8 (noted, incl. fig. 3).

Type locality. Japan, Kagoshima Prefecture, Amami Islands, Ikari.

Type material examined. HOLOTYPE: ♀, ‘IKARI, | AMAMI IS. | 30. VI. 1961 | T. Shibata [leg.] || gracilotillus | shibatai | M. Miyatake [des.] || HOLOTYPUS [red label]’ ( OMNH). PARATYPE: 1 ♀, ‘Amami-Oshima | Hatsuno | 11 VII. 1962 | N. Ohbayashi [leg.] || gracilotillus | shibatai | M. Miyatake [des.] || ♀ ’.( EUMJ, Type No. 1080).

Additional material examined. JAPAN: KAGOSHIMA PREFECTURE: Amami Islands: Amami-Ôshima, Hatsuno , 26.vi.1970, 2 JJ, T. Kobayashi leg. ( EUMJ), 28.vi.1974, 1 J, B. K. Bya leg. ( EUMJ) ; Amami-Ôshima, Nishinakama , 3.vii.1975, 1 ♀, 5.vii.1976, 1 ♀, H. Makihara leg. ( KUM) ; Amami-Ôshima, Chûô-rindô , 27–29.vi.1987, 1 J, K. Shimizu leg. ( EUMJ), 28.vi.1988, 1 J M. Nishimura leg. ( EUMJ), 29. vi. 2001, 1 J, 30.vi.2001, 1 ♀, 26.vi.2003, 1 J, T. Kurihara leg. ( EUMJ) ; Amami-Ôshima, Santarô-tôge, Sumiyô-chô , 5.vii.2009, 1 J, S. Matsuno leg. ( EUMJ). Tokara Islands : Kuchino-shima , 26.vi.–3.vii.1969, 1 ♀, H. Makihara leg. ( KUM) ; Nakano-shima, Sokonashi , 19.vi.1998, 1 J, ( EUMJ) . OKINAWA PREFECTURE: Okinawa Islands: Yonaha-dake , 5.vii.1973, 1 J, Sugino leg. ( EUMJ) . Yaeyama Islands: Ishigaki-jima, Omoto-dake , 8.vi.1972, 1 ♀, 22.vi.1972, 1 ♀, 29. vi. 1972, 1 ♀ Mizunuma leg. ( EUMJ) ; Yonaguni-jima, Jinmen-Iwa, Yonaguni-chô , Yaeyama-gun , 3.v.2016, 1 ♀, H. Ikeda leg. ( EUMJ) ; Yonaguni-jima, Mantabaru-shinrinkôen, Yonaguni-chô , Yaeyama-gun , 6.v.2016, K. Yoshida leg, 1 ♀, ( EUMJ) . TAIWAN: KAOHSIUNG COUNTY: Liukuei, Renai Township , 28.iv.1970, 1 ♀, Y. Kiyoyama leg. ( EUMJ) .

Differential diagnosis. This species is easily distinguished from other Japanese and Taiwanese members of the genus by pronotum dilated distally and elytra with white band behind middle.

Redescription. Male ( Fig. 4 ). Head, pronotum except for basal 1/5, more than half of elytra except for white band, and legs dark blue and moderately shiny; basal 1/5 of pronotum, basal half of elytra reddish brown. Body surface with white pubescence.

Measurements (n = 7): EyW: 0.30–0.44 (0.37) mm; EyD: 0.70–0.84 (0.78) mm; BL: 6.00–7.54 (6.71) mm; PL: 1.68–2.1 (1.92) mm; PW: 1.25–1.50 (1.39) mm; EL: 4.32–5.44 (4.79) mm; EW: 1.45–1.90 (1.69) mm.

Head convex dorsally; EyD/EyW: 1.86–2.67 (2.15). Terminal palpomeres of maxillary palpi short digitiform; those of labial palpi widely triangular, their length equal to 1/3 of width of apical margin of terminal palpomeres. Antennae longer than total length of head and pronotum combined; antennomere III–X biramous; XI flattened. Approximate length ratio of antennomeres (n = 1): 3.6: 0.9: 4.1: 3.8: 3.9: 4.1: 3.9: 3.8: 3.6: 3.1: 5.9. Relative length ratio of rami of antennomeres III–X (n = 1): 1.1: 1.4: 1.5: 1.6: 1.4: 1.4: 1.2: 1.0.

Pronotum widest in apical 1/5, thence narrowed anteriorly, constricted in basal 1/5; surface with fine and densely arranged setigerous punctures; PL/PW: 1.20–1.46 (1.38).

Elytra elongate, subparallel-sided to near apex, covered with large and deep punctures; rows of punctures extended before apex; intervals slightly smaller than puncture diameter and with pubescence; EL/EW: 2.62–2.98 (2.84); EL/PL: 2.37–2.59 (2.49); EW/PW: 1.16–1.27 (1.22). Anterior plate of metendosternite slightly extended anteriorly.

Unguis with basal denticles; metatibiae apically dilated to near apex, thence weakly narrowed, densely covered with pubescence on posterior inner surface.

Pygidium ( Fig. 28 ) posteriorly pointed in middle; pygidial struts short. Sternite VIII ( Fig. 34 ) weakly pigmented in central portion, slightly incised on apical margin. Spicular fork ( Fig. 40 ) with intraspicular plate.

Connecting membrane between tegmen and phallus in fully extended condition (Figs 49–50) vested with finely spines; tegmen shorter than phallus; phallobase membranous in ventral view; phallobasic struts developed; phallobasic apodeme elongate, rounded at apex; phallus divaricate in apical 1/4, rounded at apex, dorsally with median orifice.

Female ( Fig. 5 ). Measurements (n = 8): EyW: 0.24–0.32 (0.28) mm; EyD: 0.74–1.08 (0.90) mm; BL: 5.22–8.25 (6.97) mm; PL: 1.38–2.25 (1.96) mm; PW: 1.15–1.68 (1.48) mm; EL: 3.84–6.00 (5.01) mm; EW: 1.43–1.93 (1.71) mm.

Similar to male, but EyD/EyW: 2.93–3.86 (3.19), antennae ( Fig. 14 ) shorter than lengths of head and pronotum combined; elytra rather narrow; metatibiae not swollen, simply elongate. Approximate length ratio of each length of antennomeres (n = 1): 3.1: 1.0: 1.6: 1.5: 1.6: 1.3: 1.3: 1.1: 1.1: 1.1: 2.4. Relative width ratio of antennomeres (n = 1): 1.5: 1.1: 1.0: 1.1: 1.3: 1.6: 2.0: 2.1: 2.3: 2.3: 2.0. PL/PW: 1.20–1.42 (1.33); EL/EW: 2.69–3.12 (2.92); EL/PL: 2.25–2.79 (2.57); EW/PW: 1.07–1.24 (1.16). Pygidium ( Fig. 55 ) pointed posteriorly; pygidial struts short. Sternite VIII ( Fig. 56 ) rounded posteriorly.

Distribution. Japan: Kagoshima Prefecture: Amami-Ôshima ( NAKAMURA 1986), Kuchino-shima, Nakano-shima (present paper); Okinawa Prefecture: Okinawa-jima ( NAKAMURA 1986), Ishigaki-jima, Iriomote-jima ( MIYATAKE 1985), Yonaguni-jima (present paper); Taiwan: Kaohsiung Co. (present paper) ( Fig. 61 ). Species new to Taiwan.

Remark. MIYATAKE (1965) mentioned that the paratype was a male but in fact it is a female.

Figs 43–54. Male genitalia in lateral views (43, 45, 47, 49, 51, 53) and ventral views (44, 46, 48, 50, 52, 54). 43–44 – Diplopherusa yonaguniensis sp. nov.; 45–46 – D. ahsini Yang & Yang, 2013 ; 47–48 – D. kitamurai Nakane, 1989 ; 49–50 – D. shibatai ( Miyatake, 1965) ; 51–52 – Paracladiscus choui sp. nov.; 53–54 – P. atricolor Miyatake, 1965 . Abbreviations: Ph, phallus; CM, connecting membrane between tegmen and phallus; Tg, tegmen; Pb, phallobase; PbA, phallobasic apodeme; PbS, phallobasic struts. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (43–52), 0.20 mm (53–54).

Figures

Figs 1–5. Habitus of Diplopherusa spp (1–4 – male; 5 – female). 1 – Diplopherusa yonaguniensis sp. nov., holotype; 2 – D. ahsini Yang & Yang, 2013; 3 – D. kitamurai Nakane, 1989; 4–5 – D. shibatai (Miyatake, 1965). Scale bars: 2.0 mm.

Figs 10–18. Antennae (10–13, 15, 17 – male; 14, 16, 18 – female). 10 – Diplopherusa yonaguniensis sp. nov.; 11 – D. ahsini Yang & Yang, 2013; 12 – D. kitamurai Nakane, 1989; 13–14 – D. shibatai (Miyatake, 1965); 15–16 – Paracladiscus choui sp. nov.; 17–18 – P. atricolor Miyatake, 1965. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.

Figs 25–42. Male pygidia (25–30), 8th sternites (31–36) and spicular forks (37–42). 25, 31, 37 – Diplopherusa yonaguniensis sp. nov.; 26, 32, 38 – D. ahsini Yang & Yang. 2013; 27, 33, 39 – D. kitamurai Nakane, 1989; 28, 34, 40 – D. shibatai (Miyatake, 1965); 29, 35, 41 – Paracladiscus choui sp. nov.; 30, 36, 42 – P. atricolor Miyatake, 1965. Scale bars: 0.25 mm (25–28, 30–34, 36–40, 42), 0.5 mm (29, 35, 41).

Figs 55–60. Female pygidia (55, 57, 59) and 8th sternites (56, 58, 60). 55–56 – Diplopherusa shibatai (Miyatake, 1965); 57–58 – Paracladiscus choui sp. nov.; 59–60 – P. atricolor Miyatake, 1965. Scale bars: 0.25 mm.

Fig. 61. Distribution map of Diplopherusa and Paracladiscus species in Japan and Taiwan.