Donacaula Meyrick, 1890

Chen, Fu-Qiang & Wu, Chun-Sheng, 2014, Taxonomic review of the subfamily Schoenobiinae (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea: Crambidae) from China, Zoological Systematics 39 (2), pp. 163-208 : 184-186

3.3 Donacaula Meyrick, 1890 ( Figs 3 , 68 , 116 )

Donacaula Meyrick, 1890 . Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1890: 466. Type species: Tinea mucronella Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775 , by monotypy.

Diagnosis. The genus is distinguished from other genera by vein R 2 stalked with R 3+4 on forewing and uncus and gnathos strongly shortened in male genitalia ( Speidel, 2005).

Description. Head with frons round; antennae weakly serrated; labial palpi porrect and long, the second segment usually suffused with loose scales; maxillary palpi expanded apically. Female usually with anal tuft on the seventh abdominal segment.

Wings ( Fig. 3 ). Forewing with Sc and R 1 anastomosed or separated; R 2 and R stalked or separated; R 5 from upper angle of cell; M 1 below upper angle of cell; M 2 and M 3 from lower angle of cell; Cu 1 and Cu 2 before lower angle of cell. Hindwing with Sc+R 1 and Rs long stalked, more or less stalked with M 1 at base; M 2 and M 3 point-touched basally, from lower angle of cell; Cu 1 and Cu 2 before lower angle of cell.

3+4

Male genitalia. Uncus and gnathos relatively short, beak-like; tegumen with sclerotized dorsal ridge usually X-shaped; subteguminal process narrow, protruding ventrally, various in different species; valva simple, without any armature; juxta somewhat pyriform, with apex raised but various in different species; saccus usually round; coremata present, weakly sclerotized; aedeagus elongate, usually with cornutus, manica with minute spinules; ductus ejaculatorius from little above the middle of aedeagus.

Female genitalia. Anal papillae broad, with long setae; apophyses anterioris and posterioris well developed; ostium bursae narrow; ductus bursae membranous, no longer than corpus bursae; corpus bursae round or elongate, membranous.

Distribution. Holarctic, Oriental and Neotropical Regions.

Remarks. The genus has about 15 species reported, including two species from China.

Key to species of Donacaula in China

1. Female with apex of forewing relatively blunt, a white spot present at the lower angle of cell. Male with valva truncated apically; female with ductus seminalis from just below ostium bursae ............................................................................................. D. niloticus Female with apex of forewing sharply pointed, a black spot present at the lower angle of cell. Male with valva round apically; female with ductus seminalis nearby the middle of ductus bursae ................................................................................... D. forficellus

Figures

Figs 1–6. Venations. 1. Scirpophaga. 2. Schoenobius. 3. Donacaula. 4. Catagela. 5. Niphadoses. 6. Patissa.

Figs 65–72. Adults. 65. Schoenobius sp., male. 66. Sc. sp., female. 67. Sc. dodatellus. 68. Donacaula forficellus. 69. Catagela adjurella, male. 70. C. adjurella, female. 71. C. rubelineola, male. 72. C. rubelineola, female.

Figs 116–121. Female genitalia. 116. Donacaula forficellus. 117. Archischoenobius pallidalis. 118. A. nigrolepis. 119. A. nanlingensis. 120. Brihaspa atrostigmella sinensis. 121. Promacrochilo ambiguellus. a. Sclerotized plate. Scale bars=1 mm.