Liponema multiporum Hertwig, 1882

Rodríguez, Estefanía & López-González, Pablo J., 2013, <strong> New records of Antarctic and Sub-Antarctic sea anemones (Cnidaria, Anthozoa, Actiniaria and Corallimorpharia) from the Weddell Sea, Antarctic Peninsula, and Scotia Arc </ strong>, Zootaxa 3624 (1), pp. 1-100 : 38-40

Liponema multiporum Hertwig, 1882

( Figs. 14 , 19–20 ; Table 8; Appx. 1, 2)

Liponema multiporum Hertwig, 1882a , b: Hertwig 1888; Dunn 1983.

Liponema brevicirrata Carlgren, 1928 : Carlgren 1938; Carlgren 1945; Carlgren 1949.

Liponema multipora: Carlgren 1949 .

MATERIAL EXAMINED

Polarstern ANT-XXII/3: stn. PS67/154-7 ( BEIM: ANT-3508, 1 specimen) .

DIAGNOSIS

Pedal disc well developed. Body flat, orange to yellow in living specimens and yellowish to white in preserved ones. Oral disc to 53 mm diameter, expanded so completely hides short (to 11 mm height) column; covered in numerous, short (to 12 mm) tentacles, one tentacle per endocoel, more than one (4–6) per exocoel. Tentacles deciduous, each with sphincter muscle at base. More mesenteries distally than proximally, to seven cycles of mesenteries only first two cycles perfect. Retractor muscles diffuse. Cnidom: Spirocysts, basitrichs, and microbasic p -mastigophores. For a detailed description of Liponema multiporum see Hertwig (1882a, b; 1888) and Dunn (1983).

GEOGRAPHIC AND BATHYMETRIC DISTRIBUTION

Liponema multiporum is distributed north of the Polar Front, in sub-Antarctic waters (Chilean coast and off Tasmania) and outside of the Southern Ocean ( New Zealand and South Africa). The type locality is in the northern hemisphere (Hertwig 1882a, b) although this is most probably a mistake. Within Antarctica, we find L. multiporum in the Scotia and the Ross seas; the latter is its shallowest record ( Dunn 1983). Liponema multiporum has a discontinuous bathymetric range, with specimens cited between 124–232 m and 2,900 –3,660 m depth.

Specimens from this study were collected in the deep-sea in the Drake Passage, between 3,797–3,800 m depth. Liponema multiporum is a southern hemisphere deep-sea species, inhabiting bathyal to Antarctic continental shelf depths ( Fig. 14d ).

Family PREACTINIDAE England (in England & Robson), 1984

Genus Dactylanthus Carlgren, 1911

Figures

FIGURE 14. Distribution map of species. a) Isotealia antarctica Carlgren, 1899. b) Capnea georgiana (Carlgren, 1927). c) Stephanthus antarcticus Rodríguez & López-González, 2003. d) Liponema multiporum Hertwig, 1882. e) Dactylanthus antarcticus (Clubb, 1908). f) Actinostola crassicornis (Hertwig, 1882). Green triangles, type locality; green circles, previous localities; red circles, localities from this study; yellow circles, localities from this study from underwater photography survey; dark line, Subtropical Front; light line, Polar Front.

FIGURE 19. External anatomy of Liponema multiporum Hertwig, 1882 [BEIM(ANT- 3508)]. A) Oral view of living specimen. b) View of the pedal disc of preserved specimen. c) Detail of the tentacles. d) Detail of the arrangement of the tentacles (more than one tentacle per endocele) showed by the holes left by the autotomized tentacles. Scale bars: a–b, 25 mm; c–d, 15 mm.

FIGURE 20. Cnidae of Liponema multiporum Hertwig, 1882. a, b, d–g) Basitrichs. c) Spirocyst. h) Microbasic p- mastigophore.