Fuscospora (R.S.Hill & J.Read) Heenan & Smissen, 2013

Heenan, Peter B. & Smissen, Rob D., 2013, Revised circumscription of Nothofagus and recognition of the segregate genera Fuscospora, Lophozonia, and Trisyngyne (Nothofagaceae), Phytotaxa 146 (1), pp. 1-31 : 12-14

Fuscospora (R.S.Hill & J.Read) Heenan & Smissen , comb. et stat. nov. ≡ Nothofagus subgenus Fuscospora

Hill & Read (1991: 69) (as Fuscaspora; orthography corrected by Hill & Jordan 1993). = Nothofagus

section Sempervirentes Steenis (1952a: 146) ≡ Nothofagus section Planae Steenis (1952b: 306) , nom. illeg.

superfl. = Nothofagus section Sempervirentes subsection Quadripartitae Steenis (1952a: 146) ≡ Nothofagus

section Calusparassus subsection Quadripartitae (Steenis) Steenis (1953a: 337). Type:— Nothofagus fusca

(Hook.f.) Oerst. [≡ Fuscospora fusca (Hook.f.) Heenan & Smissen].

Steenis (1952b) provided the superfluous name of sect. Planae for the previously published Nothofagus section Sempervirentes ( Steenis 1952a) in an erratum. Steenis (1953a) gives the type of Nothofagus section Calusparassus subsection Quadripartitae as N. betuloides , but clearly cites Steenis (1952a) for the basionym where N. fusca is given as the type.

= Nothofagus section Calusparassus subsection Tripartitae Steenis (1953a: 338). Type:— Nothofagus solandri (Hook.f.) Oerst. [≡ Fuscospora solandri (Hook.f.) Heenan & Smissen].

= Nothofagus section Calucechinus subsection Saccofagus Baumann-Bodenheim (1992: 93).

Type:— Nothofagus gunnii (Hook.f.) Oerst. [≡ Fuscospora gunnii (Hook.f.) Heenan & Smissen].

= Pleiosyngyne Baumann-Bodenheim (1992: 86) , nom. inval.

Pleiosyngyne is invalid as it was published without a Latin description ( McNeill et al. 2012, ICN Art. 39.1).

Trees up to 30 m high. Leaves distichous, revolute when evergreen or plicate when deciduous, entire or teeth with 1–2 serrations, fimbrial veins incomplete or absent; with or without large globular glandular trichomes on cuticle; with solitary unicellular trichome type A with a very small, unthickened base and with a large, unicellular, thin-walled trichome emerging; without solitary unicellular trichome type C with a large base equal to or greater than the diameter of the trichome and with a large, unicellular, thin-walled trichome emerging; with or without conical unicellular trichomes with a heavily thickened foot cell. Stomata randomly oriented; without thickened T-pieces of cuticle at the poles separating the two guard cells; without giant stomata over the major veins; stomata size within the areoles variable. Upper epidermal cells over veins more elongate than areolar cells, with granular cell walls. Stipules not peltate. Dichasia with 1 central dimerous flower and 2 lateral trimerous flowers, or 1 or 0 dimerous flower and 1 trimerous flower. Male floral meristem round. Staminate flowers with narrowly campanulate, often bell-shaped perianth; lobes 4, rarely 3 or 5, prominent, symmetric and regular; stamens <20, centripetal development; anthers 2.5–4.5 mm long, slightly curved, distal connective protrusion weakly developed, filament connective free, without epidermal papillae. Pollen peritreme, mesocolpia straight to convex; colpi short, spatulate or parallel-sided, with U-shaped ends, margins inwardly conspicuously heavily thickened, aperture 4–11 µm long, polar to equatorial lengths ratio ≤ 0.3. Cupule valves 2–4; outer surface of valves with simple trichomes; lamellae membranous, glabrous; fruits 0–1 dimerous, 1–2 trimerous, or 4–7.

Six species in New Zealand, southern South America, and Tasmania.

Fuscospora alessandri ( Espinosa) Heenan & Smissen , comb. nov. ≡ Nothofagus alessandri Espinosa (1926: 268) . Lectotype (designated here):— CHILE. Tapar prope Empedrado, 27 February 1921, M. Espinosa s.n. (SGO47510, image!).

F. M. Vásquez (in sched., 20 September 1995) annotated SGO 47510 as lectotype . We are unaware of any other published lectotypification and as we concur with this assessment we formally designate this specimen as lectotype.

= Pleiosyngyne alessandri (Espinosa) Baumann-Bodenheim (1992: 86) , nom. inval. This name is not validly published as it lacks a full and direct reference to the basionym ( McNeill et al. 2012, ICN Art. 41.5).

Fuscospora cliffortioides (Hook.f.) Heenan & Smissen, comb. nov. ≡ Fagus cliffortioides Hooker (1844: 673) ≡ Nothofagus cliffortioides (Hook.f.) Ørsted (1871: 355) ≡ Nothofagus solandri var. cliffortioides (Hook.f.) Poole (1958: 563). Type:— NEW ZEALAND. Dusky Bay, no date, ‘ Mr. Menzies’ (holotype K, image!).

This taxon was treated as N. solandri var. cliffortioides ( Poole 1958; Allan 1961), having been accepted at species rank as Fagus cliffortioides ( Hooker 1844, 1864, Cheeseman 1906) and Nothofagus cliffortioides ( Cheeseman 1925, Cockayne 1926, Cockayne & Atkinson 1926, Poole 1950). Placement at the taxonomic rank of variety has not been universally accepted in New Zealand (e.g., Molloy et al. 1999, Meurk & Hall 2006, McGlone et al. 2011), and as we concur with these latter authors that this taxon is morphologically and ecologically distinct from Fuscospora solandri it is here accepted at species rank.

Fuscospora fusca (Hook.f.) Heenan & Smissen, comb. nov. ≡ Fagus fusca Hooker (1844 : t. 630, 631) ≡ Nothofagus fusca (Hook.f.) Ørsted (1871: 355). Lectotype (designated by Allan 1961):— NEW ZEALAND. Without locality, no date, W. Colenso 1767 (K, image!).

Fuscospora gunnii (Hook.f.) Heenan & Smissen, comb. nov. ≡ Fagus gunnii Hooker (1851 : t. 881) ≡ Nothofagus gunnii (Hook.f.) Ørsted (1871: 354). Lectotype (designated here):— AUSTRALIA. Near summit of Mt. Olympus, 5 January 1847, R. C. Gunn 2034 (K, image!).

Fuscospora solandri (Hook.f.) Heenan & Smissen, comb. nov. ≡ Fagus solandri Hooker (1844 : t. 639) ≡ Nothofagus solandri (Hook.f.) Ørsted (1871: 355). Lectotype (designated by Allan 1961):— NEW ZEALAND. Without locality, no date, W. Colenso 36 (K, image!).