Ariadna obscura ( Blackwall, 1858 )

Giroti, André Marsola & Brescovit, Antonio Domingos, 2018, The taxonomy of the American Ariadna Audouin (Araneae: Synspermiata: Segestriidae), Zootaxa 4400 (1), pp. 1-114 : 25-29

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.4400.1.1

publication LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:pub:59CC08B8-5B13-42EC-943E-C930D7D0DD7F

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5987861

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039B87D1-FFFC-B106-169B-F944C341FB4D

treatment provided by

Plazi

scientific name

Ariadna obscura ( Blackwall, 1858 )
status

 

Ariadna obscura ( Blackwall, 1858) View in CoL Figures 16‒17 View FIGURE 16 View FIGURE17 , 71 View FIGURE 71

Dysdera obscura Blackwall, 1858: 334 (Immature holotype from Pernambuco, Brazil, should be deposited in the Oxford University Museum of Natural History, Oxford, England, destroyed, according to Beatty (1970: 480)).— Blackwall (1861: 446).— Petrunkevitch (1911: 132).— Bonnet (1956: 1632).

Ariadora campinensis Mello-Leitão, 1916: 13 (♀ holotype from Campina Grande [07°13'50"S; 35°52'52"W], Paraíba, Brazil, T. Leitão leg., should be deposited in MNRJ 1471, lost).— Mello-Leitão (1947: 234, Syn.).— Bonnet (1955: 732).— Moreira et al. (2010: 61).

Ariadna gracilis Vellard, 1924: 160 View in CoL , pl. 12, fig. 45 (♂ holotype from Caxias [04°51'32"S; 43°21'21"W], Maranhão, Brazil, should be deposited in Instituto Vital Brazil, lost).— Bonnet (1955: 732).— Beatty (1970: 479, figs 7, 28‒29, 33).— World Spider Catalog (2018).— NEW SYNONYMY.

Ariadna taperae Mello-Leitão, 1929: 93 View in CoL (♀ holotype from Tapera ( currently : Moreno, Bonança) [09°25'38"S; 40°44'15"W], Pernambuco, Brazil, B. Pickel leg., deposited in MNRJ 41478 View Materials GoogleMaps ; Syntypes 1♂ 6♀ 3 immatures, same data from the holotype, deposited in MNRJ 1263 View Materials ; all examined).— Mello-Leitão (1947: 234, Syn.). GoogleMaps

Ariadna conspersa Mello-Leitão, 1941: 256 View in CoL (Immature holotype from Curitiba [25°25'47"S; 49°16'19"W], Paraná, Brazil, 10.I.1919, F. Lange de Morretes leg., deposited in MNRJ 14087, examined).— Beatty (1970: 483, as nomem dubium).— NEW SYNONYMY.

Ariadna obscura View in CoL — Mello-Leitão (1943: 233, Transf. from Dysdera View in CoL ; 1947: 234).— Beatty (1970: 480).— World Spider Catalog (2018).

Ariadna View in CoL taperana— Bonnet (1955: 737).

Synonymy. Beatty (1970) hypothesized the synonymy of A. obscura and A. gracilis due to morphological characteristics described by Blackwall (1858) and Vellard (1924), but did not confirm it due to the known distribution of both species, which despite of being recorded for the Brazillian northeast, also present records of A. gracilis for the State of Amazonas and Peru. In the present study, a wider distribution of A. obscura was found in comparison with the one presented by Beatty (1970), extending from east of Peru and center of State of Amazonas, to the south region of Brazil. Furthermore, after the examination of type specimens designated by Mello-Leitão (1929; 1947) and the original descriptions, it was observed that A. gracilis can be considered a junior-synonym of A. obscura , as well as A. taperae and A. conspersa , due to the macrosetae pattern of tibia I of females and the strong retrolateral apophysis in the metatarsi I of males, and also the same distribution area.

Additional material examined: BRAZIL: Amazonas State: Manaus [03°06'00"S; 60°01'48"W], Rio Tarumã- Mirim , 4♀ 5imm., 8.VIII‒6.IX.1987, H. Höfer leg. ( SMNK 3093 View Materials ) GoogleMaps ; Tefé [03°21'14"S; 64°42'39"W], 1♂, 1919, H.O. Parrish leg. ( MCZ 46060) GoogleMaps ; Pará State: Without specific locality, Casa , 12♀, Olevia leg. ( NHM 949.20 View Materials ) ; 10♀ 2imm. (NHM 97.9.20.1287‒1307); Ilha de Marajó, Santo André [00°58'S; 49°34'W], 2♀, 14.IV.1912, Bluntschili leg. ( AMNH); Belém [01°27'21"S; 48°30'16"W], 5♀ 1imm., VII.1954, N.L.H. Krauss leg. ( AMNH) GoogleMaps ; Piauí State: Castelo do Piauí [05°19'19"S; 41°33'10"W], 3♀ 1imm., 21‒23.VII.2012, L.S. Carvalho leg. (CHNFUPI 1586‒1589) GoogleMaps ; Ceará State: Fortaleza, Bairro Benfica [03°44'36"S; 38°32'24"W], 1♂, 20.I.2008, S.C. Carvalho leg. ( MPEG 11628 View Materials ) GoogleMaps ; Fortaleza [03°47'08"S; 38°33'06"W], Campus of Universidade Estadual do Ceará , 3♀ 1imm., 13.IX.2012, A.M. Giroti leg. ( IBSP 165434 View Materials ) GoogleMaps ; Rio Grande do Norte State: Atol das Rocas [03°52'S; 33°49'W], 1♂ 2♀, 4.IX.1996, C.E. Almeida leg. ( IBSP 12053 View Materials ) GoogleMaps ; Paraíba State: Araruna, Parque Estadual Pedra da Boca , 228m (06°27'16.5''S; 35°40'45.5''W), 3♀, 1‒2. VI.2012, I.L.F. Magalhães & J.L. Chavari leg. ( IBSP 165436 View Materials ) GoogleMaps ; Soledade [07°02'11"S; 36°27'31"W], 1♀, 16.XI.1999, A.B. Kury & A. Giupponi leg. ( MNRJ 6863 View Materials ) GoogleMaps ; Juazeirinho, Planalto da Borborema [07°04'04"S; 36°34'40"W], 1♀, IX.1956, C. Gonçalves leg. ( MNRJ 6427 View Materials ) GoogleMaps ; Pernambuco State: without specific locality data, 3♀ (MACN-Ar 21367); Bom Jardim, proximidades da PE 0 90, 364m (07°50'03''S; 35°37'39.5''W), 2♀ 3imm., 29.V.2015, L.S. Carvalho leg. (CHNUFPI 1621); Buíque, Parque Nacional do Catimbau (08°28'46''S; 37°18'55.74''W), 1♀, 9.IV.2012, I.L.F. Magalhães et al. leg. ( UFMG 11122 View Materials ) GoogleMaps ; Tapera (currently: Moreno, Bonança) [09°25'38"S; 40°44'15"W], 1♂, B. Pickel leg. ( MNRJ 14239 View Materials ) GoogleMaps ; Bahia State: Mata de São João (12°31'49"S; 38°17'57"W), Fazenda Caramujipe , 1♂, 2006, C. Machado leg. ( IBSP 85421 View Materials ) GoogleMaps ; Salvador [12°58'16"S; 38°30'39"W], Barra , 1♀, IV.1992 ( IBSP 17596 View Materials ) GoogleMaps ; Salvador, 4♀ 1imm., VI.1954, N.L.H. Krauss leg. ( AMNH); Santa Brígida [09°47'17,3"S; 38°15'42,4"W], Povoado de Colônia, 342m GoogleMaps , 1♀, 21.V.2012, I.L.F. Magalhães & J.L. Chavari leg. (IBSP 165435); Una [15°17'36"S; 39°04'31"W], Reserva Biológica do Una , 4♀, 13.IV.1998, A.D. Brescovit et al. leg. ( IBSP 18283 View Materials ; 18318) GoogleMaps ; Sergipe State: Laranjeiras [10°48'11"S; 37°10'10"W], Caverna Aventureiros , 1♀, 25.VII.2011, C. Donato et al. leg. ( IBSP 165437 View Materials ) GoogleMaps ; Laranjeiras, Gruta dos Orixás , 1♀, 12.XII.2010, C. Donato & P. Rocha leg. ( IBSP 165439 View Materials ) ; 1♀1imm., 25.VII.2011, C. Donato et al. leg. (IBSP 165440); Laranjeiras, Pedra Furada, 1♀, 28.XI.2010, C. Donato et al. leg. (IBSP 165441); 1♀, 8.VI.2011, C. Donato et al. leg. (IBSP 165438); Espírito Santo State: Conceição da Barra [18°35'36"S; 39°43'56"W], Itaúnas , 1♀ 3imm., I.1999, C.A. Rheims leg. ( IBSP 20498 View Materials ) GoogleMaps ; São Mateus [19°23'27"S; 40°04'19"W], Reserva Florestal do Vale do Rio Doce , 3♀, 19‒25.VII.1997, A.D. Brescovit et al. leg. ( IBSP 13016 View Materials ) GoogleMaps ; Apiacá [21°09'14"S; 41°34'04"W], Fazenda Santa Maria , 1♀, 5.IX.1986, R.L.C. Baptista leg. ( MNRJ 6410 View Materials ) GoogleMaps ; 3♀, 5.X.1985, R.L.C. Baptista leg. (MNRJ 6414); Rio de Janeiro State: Bom Jesus de Itabapoana [21°08'02"S; 41°40'48"W], Chácara São Luís , 5♀, 6.X.1985, R.L.C. Baptista leg. ( MNRJ 6404 View Materials ; 6418) GoogleMaps ; 1♂, 15.VII.1986 (MNRJ 6408); Mendes [22°36'31"S; 43°43'58"W], 3♀ ( MNRJ 1264 View Materials ) GoogleMaps ; Nova Iguaçu [22°45'37"S; 43°26'51"W], 2♂, Bianc leg. ( MNRJ 1279 View Materials /2061); Pinheiral [22°30'46"S; 44°00'03"W], 3♂, Mello-Leitão leg. ( MNRJ 1271 View Materials ; 1272); Parati [23°13'21"S; 44°42'50"W], Centro , 1♂, 1.VI.1985, R.L.C. Baptista leg. ( MNRJ 6401 View Materials ) GoogleMaps ; São Paulo State: São Sebastião, Ilha de Alcatrazes [24°06'S; 45°41'W], 2♀, 4‒6.VII.1998, M.E. Callefo leg. ( IBSP 19490 View Materials ) GoogleMaps ; Paraná State: Guaraqueçaba, Serra Negra [25°09'56"S; 48°25'59"W], 4♀ 4imm., A. Mayer leg. ( MNRJ 2058 View Materials ) GoogleMaps ; 9♀ 1imm., VIII.1946 (MHCI 3375‒3382); Santa Catarina State: Bombinhas [27°07'54"S; 48°31'40"W], ARIE Costeira de Zimbros , 2♀ 2imm., 2.VIII.2011, A. Chagas et al. leg. ( IBSP 165442 View Materials ) GoogleMaps ; 1♀, A.L. Trivia & L. Malta leg. (IBSP 165443); Bombinhas , 1♂, 23.XII.1988, M.A.L. Marques leg. ( MCN 18135) ; PERU: San Martín Region: Mishqui-Yacu, 1200 M.A. S.L., 20km NE Moyobamba [06°02'S; 76°58'W], 2♀, 16‒24.VIII.1947, F. Woytkowsky leg. ( AMNH). GoogleMaps

Diagnosis. Ariadna obscura is similar to A. tarsalis , A. arthuri , A. multispinosa , A. reginae n. sp. and A. aurea n. sp. due to the morphology of the male metatarsi I ( Figs 16C‒E View FIGURE 16 , 32C‒E View FIGURE 32 , 38C‒E View FIGURE38 , 54C‒E View FIGURE54 , 56C‒E View FIGURE 56 ) and macrosetae pattern of the tibiae I‒II of females, but differ by the presence of males with metatarsi I with a strong ventroretrolateral apophysis bearing a slender macrosetae, and other prolateral shorter with a seed-shaped macrosetae (i.e. globous base with pointed tip) ( Fig. 16C‒E View FIGURE 16 ); females differ by presenting a short dorsal lobe and an expanded ventral lobe and glandular ducts plate, both lobes not sinuous ( Fig. 17C‒D View FIGURE17 ).

Description. Male (IBSP 85421). Carapace and chelicerae orange ( Fig. 16A View FIGURE 16 ). Endites orange; labium dark orange. Sternum orange, with darker margins ( Fig. 16B View FIGURE 16 ). Palps light yellow ( Fig. 17A‒B View FIGURE17 ). Legs orange, with pairs I‒II darker. Femur, patellae and tibiae reddish. Tibia and metatarsus I‒II with dark pigment forming diffuse distal rings ( Fig. 16C‒E View FIGURE 16 ). Abdomen light grey, darker dorsally ( Fig. 16A‒B View FIGURE 16 ). Total length 4.92; carapace 2.68 long, 1.84 wide. Chelicerae projected ( Fig. 16A View FIGURE 16 ). Palps: tibia slightly inflated, with the dorso-ventral diameter slightly larger than the bulb, bearing a slender prolateral macroseta; bulb small sub-rectangular, mid-portion and embolus of equal lengths; embolus tubular, curved and tapered ( Fig. 17A‒B View FIGURE17 ). Legs: robust and sparsely coated with setae ( Fig. 16C‒E View FIGURE 16 ); tibia I with the one distal ventro-retrolateral macrosetae lanceolated ( Fig. 16D‒E View FIGURE 16 ); metatarsi I with a group of short distinct setae in the proximal retrolateral region ( Fig. 16D View FIGURE 16 ); tarsal brush of putative chemosensory setae present in legs I‒IV, but reduced in pair I. Leg formula: I-II-IV-III. Leg measurements: I femur 3.32, patella 1.0, tibia 2.76, metatarsus 2.28, tarsus 1.04, total 10.4; II 2.96, 1.0, 2.64, 2.44, 0.8, 9.84; III 2.08, 0.84, 1.48, 1.56, 0.64, 6.6; IV 2.36, 1.0, 1.92, 1.72, 0.72, 7.72. Macrosetae: I femur D0-1-0-1-0-1-0-2/1-0, P0-0-0-0-0-1-0-1-0; tibia P1-1-0-1-0-1-0, vp1-0-0-1-0-1-0, vr1-1-3/1-1-1/0-1-0-1(lanceolated), r1-1-0-1-0-1-0; metatarsus P0-0-0-0-0- 1(seed-shaped/apophysis)-0, vp1-0-0-0-0-0-1, vr0-0-0-1(apophysis)-0-0-1 ( Fig. 16C‒E View FIGURE 16 ); II femur D0-1-0-1-0-1-0- 2-0, P0-0-0-0-0-1-0-1-0; tibia P0-1-0-1-0-1-0, vp0-0-0-0-1-1-0, vr1/2-1-1-1-0-1-0, R1-1-0-1-0-1-0; metatarsus vp1-0-0-0-1-0-1, vr1-0-0-0-1-0-1, R0-1-0-0-0-0-0; IV metatarsal comb with 3-4 macrosetae.

Female (IBSP 165434). Carapace and chelicerae brownish orange ( Fig. 16F View FIGURE 16 ). Endites, labium and sternum as in male ( Fig. 16G View FIGURE 16 ). Palps orange, with reddish tibia and tarsus. Legs orange, with pairs I‒II darker. Tibia I and metatarsus I‒II reddish. Dark pigment forming distal diffuse rings in tibia and metatarsus I‒II ( Fig. 16H‒I View FIGURE 16 ). Abdomen as in male ( Fig. 16F‒G View FIGURE 16 ). Total length 8.32; carapace 3.73 long, 2.44 wide. Chelicerae not projected ( Fig. 16F View FIGURE 16 ). Legs: robust and cloated with setae; legs I‒II with ventro-prolateral and ventro-retrolateral tibial macrosetae of similar size, and metatarsal macrosetae of different size ( Fig. 16H‒I View FIGURE 16 ). Leg formula: I-II-IV-III. Leg measurements: I, femur 2.88, patella 1.24, tibia 2.52, metatarsus 2.2, tarsus 0.64, total 9.48; II, 2.56, 1.32, 2.32, 2.12, 0.6, 8.92; III, 2.16, 1.04, 1.56, 1.52, 0.64, 6.92; IV, 2.84, 1.36, 2.4, 1.76, 0.68, 9.04. Macrosetae: I, femur D0- 0-0-0-0-2-0, P0-0-0-1-2-1-0; tibia P0-1-0-1-0-1-0, vp1-1-1-1-1-1-0, vr1-1-1-1-0/1-1-1, R0-1-0-1-0-0-0; metatarsus vp1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1, vr1-1-1-1-1-1-0/1-1-1 ( Fig. 16H‒I View FIGURE 16 ); II, femur D0-0-0-0-0-2-0, P0-0-0-1-0-0/1-0; tibia P0-1-0- 1-0-1-0, vp1-0/1-1-1-1-1-0/1-, vr1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1, R0-1-0-1-0-0-0; metatarsus vp1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1, vr1-1-1-1-1-1-1- 1; IV, metatarsal comb with 4 macrosetae. Internal genitalia: anterior receptaculum with short dorsal lobe ( Fig. 17C‒D View FIGURE17 ).

Variation. Male (n=10): Total length 4.48‒6.24; carapace 2.64‒3.2 long, 1.84‒2.28 wide; femur I, 2.84‒3.52. Female (n=10): Total length 6.72‒9.84; carapace 3.44‒4.36 long, 2.44‒2.96 wide; femur I, 2.68‒3.2.

Distribution. Northern to Southern Brazil, and Peru (San Martín) ( Fig. 71 View FIGURE 71 ).

MCZ

Museum of Comparative Zoology

AMNH

American Museum of Natural History

MCN

McNeese State University

PERU

Universit� di Perugia

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Arthropoda

Class

Arachnida

Order

Araneae

Family

Segestriidae

Genus

Ariadna

Loc

Ariadna obscura ( Blackwall, 1858 )

Giroti, André Marsola & Brescovit, Antonio Domingos 2018
2018
Loc

Ariadna conspersa Mello-Leitão, 1941 : 256

Mello-Leitao 1941: 256
1941
Loc

Ariadna taperae Mello-Leitão, 1929 : 93

Mello-Leitao 1929: 93
1929
Loc

Ariadna gracilis

Vellard 1924: 160
1924
Loc

Dysdera obscura

Blackwall 1858: 334
1858
Loc

Ariadna

Audouin 1826
1826
Loc

Dysdera

Latreille 1804
1804
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