Ariadna boesenbergi Keyserling, 1877

Giroti, André Marsola & Brescovit, Antonio Domingos, 2018, The taxonomy of the American Ariadna Audouin (Araneae: Synspermiata: Segestriidae), Zootaxa 4400 (1), pp. 1-114 : 37-41

Ariadna boesenbergi Keyserling, 1877

Figures 22‒23 , 70

Ariadne bösenbergii Keyserling, 1877: 223 , pl. 7, fig. 7 (♀ lectotype and ♂ lectoparatype from Montevideo [34°53'01"S; 56°10'55"W], Uruguay, Bösenberg leg., deposited in ZMH 58, designated by Beatty (1970), examined; ♂ type from Uruguay, deposited in NHM 90.7.1.475-6-7, examined).

Ariadna bösenbergi — Petrunkevitch (1911: 130).— Mello-Leitão (1943: 233).

Ariadne bösenbergi — Gerhardt (1921: 92).

Ariadna mollis— Mello-Leitão (1933: 12, Syn. with A. boesenbergi ; 1947: 234).— Bonnet (1955: 730, 735).

Ariadna boesenbergi— Beatty (1970: 476, remove the syn. with A. mollis , descr. ♀).— Prandi (1990: 3).— Grismado (2008: 357, figs 8N, O, 10E, H).— Ramírez (2014: 211, figs 139A, 141D, 167A).— Grismado & Izquierdo (2014: 154, figs 8, 10a‒b, 12).— World Spider Catalog (2018).

Additional material examined. BRAZIL: Rio Grande do Sul State: Itaqui /Maçambará, Reserva Biológica São Donato [29°02'46,7"S; 56°04'48,7"W] , 1♂, 23.I.2012, M. Machado leg. ( IBSP 166778 ); Quaraí [30°23'17"S; 56°29'56"W], Cerro do Jarau , 1♀, 23.II.1975, A.A. Lise leg. ( MCN 02508); Rio Grande [32°02'06"S; 52°05'55"W] , 1♀ 4imm. ( NHM 89.2.17; 90.7.1.477); ARGENTINA: Tucumán Province: Arroyo India Muerta, Road to Ticucho [26°31'S; 65°15'W] , 1♀, 25.VI.1995, M. Ramírez & P. Goloboff leg. (MACN-Ar 10161); La Rioja Province: Chilecito [29°10'S; 67°30'W], 1♀, 27‒30.I.1956, M.E. Galiano leg. (MACN-Ar 10163) ; Entre Ríos Province: Concordia [31°24'S; 58°02'W], under bark of Melia azedarach , 1♀, X.1992, C. Grismado leg. (MACN-Ar 10175) ; Córdoba Province : Córdoba [31°25'S; 64°11'W] , Bosque Alegre, 3♀ 2imm., IX.1981, P. Goloboff leg. (MACN-Ar 10166; 10167; 10168); Nono , 880m (31°47'44.3"S; 64°00'6,26"W) , 2♀ 3imm., 3‒9.II.2008, M. Ramírez leg. (MACN-Ar 13504; 13505); Leones [32°42'21"S; 62°06'30"W] , 1♀, 13.X.1946, W. Patridge leg. (MACN-Ar 10164); 1♀, 12.X.1946 (MACN-Ar 10234); Santa Fé Province : Santa Fé [31°39'00"S; 60°43'60"W], 2♂, I.1965, M. Aschenbach leg. (MACN-Ar 5853) ; 1♀, 9.X.1963, Pignalloni leg. (MACN-Ar 10176); San Luís Province: Cortaderas (in wood of " Molles ", Schinus sp., under stones) (32°29'58,9"S; 65°00'01,5"W) , 1♀, 10.XI.1982, A. Roig leg. (MACN-Ar 10169); Carolina [32°48'S; 66°06'W] , between stones, 3♀, XI.1992, C. Scioscia leg. (MACN-Ar 10171; 10172); Quebrada Merlo , 3♀ 1imm., 12.XI.1982, A. Roig leg. (MACN-Ar 10170); Sierra Central, 3♀ (Ex-MNHNP-AR 9073); Buenos Aires Province: San Pedro [33°40'46"S; 59°40'01"W] , in a tube under bark of Eucalyptus , 1♀, 24.XII.1912, A.G. Frers leg. (MACN-Ar 10187); Pergamino [33°44'S; 60°36'W] , 2♀, IX.2007, S. Rodriguez Gil leg. (MACN-Ar 35097; 35105); Fontezuela [33°55'S; 60°28'W] , 5♀, IX.2007, S. Rodriguez Gil leg. (MACN-Ar 35089; 35094; 35096; 35098; 35100); Ruta Pergamino- Arrecifes , km 210, 5♀, IX.2001, S. Rodriguez Gil leg. (MACN-Ar 28170; 35099; 35102; 35103; 35104); Arrecifes [34°02'S; 60°10'W] , Todd, 1♀, IX.2007, S. Rodriguez Gil leg. (MACN-Ar 35106); Zelaya [34°21'38"S; 58°52'36"W] , 2♀ 1imm., VIII.1939, H. Hepper leg. (MACN-Ar 10188; 10189; 10231); Tigre [34°25'S; 58°35'W] , 1♂, I.1938, J.M. Viana leg. (MACN-Ar 303); Martínez [34°29'S; 58°30'W] , 3♂ 4♀ 4imm., V.1976, R. Maynard leg. (MNHNU 1036); Saavedra [34°33'18,30"S; 58°29'32,67"W], 1♀, VIII.1937, Castillo leg. (MACN-Ar 706); Junín [34°35'38"S; 60°56'47"W] , 1♀, II.1962, Daguerre leg. (MACN-Ar 10186); Buenos Aires [34°35'59"S; 58°22'55"W] , Capital Federal, 7♀, 1967, Bachmann leg. (MACN-Ar 21349); 4♀, VII.1945 (MACN-Ar 1585); 2♂, I.1989, M. Miranda leg. (MACN-Ar 10177; 21308); 3♀ 1imm., VIII.1948, D.Y. Carpintero & O. Carpintero leg. (MACN-Ar 10178); 1♀, VI.1964, A. Martínez leg. (MACN-Ar 10180); 4♀, 1967, Bachmann leg. (MACN-Ar 21309); 1♂, 30.XII.2008, C. Kopuchian leg. (MACN-Ar 21312); 4♀ 1imm., Bery leg. (MNHNP-AR 7045); 1♀ 2imm., 1‒31.XII.1968, Bachmann leg. ( MNHNP-AR 14916 ); Parque Patrícios, 1♀, X.1948 (MACN-Ar 10179); Parque Centenário, under bark of Tipuana tipu , 1♀, X.1992, C. Grismado leg. (MACN-Ar 10182); Vila Lugano, 1♀ 1imm., L.R. Rodriguez leg. (MACN-Ar 10183; 10184); bit to Paladino, 1♂, XII.1965 (MACN-Ar 10185); Arbe frente ao Museo de Ciencias Naturales , 1♀ 4imm., 9.XI.1960 (MACN-Ar 21 360); Jardines del Museo de Ciencias Naturales , 1♀, III.2010, C. Grismado & M. Izquierdo leg. (MACN-Ar 2 9449); Hurlingham, Arroyo Morón [34°36'S; 58°38'W], 2♀ 1imm., XI.1962, E. Massoia leg. (MACN-Ar 10190); Moreno [34°39'04"S; 58°47'24"W] , 1♀ 1imm., III.1942, L.R.D. Schiapelli leg. (MACN-Ar 2354); 2♀ 1imm., III.1 947, Exp. R.D. Schiapelli leg. (MACN-Ar 10191); 2♀, X.1947, R.D. Schiapelli leg. (MACN-Ar 21310); Sarandí, Plaza del Viaducto [34°39'45"S; 58°21'54"W] , 3♀ 34imm., 30.IX.2007, C. & A. Grismado leg. (MACN-Ar 21311; 21313; 21314); Sarandí [34°41'S; 58°20'W] , on wall of bricks, 3♀ 2imm., 27.IV.2002, C., D., & A. Grismado leg. (MACN-Ar 10204); Sarandí , 1♀, 15.VII.2006, C. Grismado & A. Raya leg. (MACN-Ar 11425); Villa Madero [34°42'S; 58°30'W] , 5♀, VI.2007, C. Scioscia leg. (MACN-Ar 35090; 35091; 35095; 35101; 35107); 2♀, VIII.2007 (MACN-Ar 35092; 35093); Florencio Varela [34°47'51"S; 58°16'34"W] , 1♀, XII.1939, F. Monrós leg. (MACN-Ar 10197); Glew [34°53'17"S; 58°23'03"W] , 1♀, 1970, Carpintero leg. (MACN-Ar 10194); 1♀ 1imm., 1979 (MACN-Ar 10196); 1imm., 1972 (MACN-Ar 10195); Tandil [37°19'43"S; 59°08'13"W] , La Cascada, 1♀, 16.V.1973, C. Cesari leg. (MACN-Ar 10200); Tandil , 1♀ 3imm., V.1967, E. Maury leg. (MACN-Ar 10199); Sierra de los Padres [37°57'S; 57°46'W] , 2♀ 2imm., XI.1962, M.E. Galiano leg. (MACN-Ar 10202); Tornquist, Estancia Fortin Chaco [38°06'S; 62°13'W] , 1♂, 1‒31.I.1972, J.A. Obarrio leg. ( MNHNP-AR 14915 ); 15km O de Lobería [38°08'59"S; 58°47'00"W] , 1♀, 4.IX.1972 (MACN-Ar 10127); Río Negro Province: General Fernandez Oro [38°57'S; 67°55'W] , 1♂, I.1976, Coscaron leg. (AMNH); URUGUAY: Without specific data: 3♀ 1imm. (MACN- Ar 21361) ; Cerro Largo Department: Ruta 8, Rio Tacuari , 2♀, 15.IV.1965, F. Achaval leg. ( MNHNU 1050 ) ; Río Negro Department: San Javier [32°41'S; 58°08'W], 4♀, VI.1962, L.C. Zolessi leg. ( MNHNU 569 ) ; Durazno Department: Durazno, Ruta 5, km 172 [33°24'47"S; 52°30'02"W], 6♀ 4imm., 15.V.2009, M. Simó y col. leg. ( MNHNU FCE 3152 ) ; Lavalleja Department: Minas [34°22'39"S; 55°14'17"W], 2♀ 1imm., 5.I.1990, L. Prandi leg. ( MNHNU 1070 ) ; Colonia Department: Colonia del Sacramento [34°38'05"S; 57°50'27"W], 6♂ 9♀ 1imm., 27.VIII.1989, L. Prandi leg. ( MNHNU 391 ) ; San José Department: Ciudad del Plata, Playa Pascual [34°44'43"S; 56°27'07"W], 1♀ 5imm., 13.I.1990, L. Prandi leg. ( MNHNU 540 ) ; Canelones Department: Parque Natural INIA Las Brujas [34°38'S; 56°20'W] , 4♀, 6.VI.2013, A.D. Brescovit leg. ( IBSP 166779 ); Montevideo Department: Montevideo, 7ª Sec. Judicial [34°53'01"S; 56°10'55"W] , 1♂, VI.1964, R. Capocasale leg. ( CAS 9039513 ); Montevideo, Buceo [34°53'59"S; 56°07'58"W] , 21♀ 5imm., I.1976, R. Maynard leg. ( MNHNU 575 ; Ex-MNHNU 656); Montevideo, Cordón [34°54'00"S; 56°10'50"W] , 2♂, VI.1964, R. Capocasale leg. (MNHNU 1020).

Diagnosis. Ariadna boesenbergi is similar to A. crassipalpa , A. mollis , A. calilegua , A. changellkuk , A. levii and A. perkinsi due to the dark abdominal pattern with arrow-shaped marks ( Figs 1A‒C , 18A, F , 20A, F , 22A, F , 31A, E , 45A, F , 47A, F , 50A, F ), but differ, except A. changellkuk , by the presence of males with metatarsi I straight, without modified macrosetae ( Fig. 22C‒E ); it differs from A. changellkuk by having a less elongated body ( Fig. 22A‒B ) and a more elongated mid-portion and embolus ( Fig. 23A‒B ); females are distinguished by the presence of a unillobulated anterior receptaculum, flattened laterally ( Fig. 23C‒D ).

Description. Male (IBSP 166778). Carapace and chelicerae reddish brown ( Fig. 22A ). Endites brownish yellow; labium dark brownish yellow. Sternum brownish yellow, with darker margins, marbled with dark pigment, and three pairs of dark marginal areas, the hind one fainted ( Fig. 22B ). Palps brownish orange ( Fig. 23A‒B ). Legs brownish yellow, pairs I‒II darker with dark pigment forming diffuse rings in the distal region of metatarsus and tarsus ( Fig. 22C‒E ). Abdomen withish grey, with a conspicuous dark dorsal pattern comprising arrow-shaped marks ( Fig. 22A‒B ). Total length 6.64; carapace 3.4 long, 2.16 wide. Chelicerae not projected ( Fig. 22A ). Palps: bulb elliptical, mid-portion slightly shorter than the embolus; embolus tubular, tapered, and abruptly curved; tibia short and slightly incrassated, almost cylindrical, with the dorso-ventral diameter almost equal to the bulb ( Fig. 23A‒B ). Legs: robust and coated with setae ( Fig. 22C‒E ); tarsal brush of putative chemosensory setae present in legs I‒IV, but reduced in legs I, III and IV. Leg formula: I-II-IV-III. Leg measurements: I, femur 3.16, patella 1,.2, tibia 2.6, metatarsus 3.04, tarsus 0.8, total 10.8; II, 2.88, 1.16, 2.6, 2.8, 0.76, 10.2; III, 2.0, 0.96, 1.56, 1.84, 0.64, 7.0; IV, 2.56, 1.24, 2.04, 2.0, 0.6, 8.44. Macrosetae: I, femur D0-0-0-1-1-1/0-2-0, P0-0-0-0-0-2-1-0; tibia P0-1-0-1- 0-1-0, vp1-0-1-0-1-0-1, vr2-0-1-0-1-0-1, R1-1-1-1-1-1-0; metatarsus p0-1-0-0-0-0-0-0, vp0-1-0-0-1-0-0-1, vr0-1- 0-0-1-0-0-1, r0-1-0-0-0-0-0-0 ( Fig. 22C‒E ); II, femur D0-0-1-1-1-0-2-0, P0-0-0-0-0-1-1-0; tibia P0-1-0-1-0-1-0, vp1-0-1-0-1-0-1, vr2-0-1-0-1-0-1, R1-1-0/1-1-0/1-1-0; metatarsus p0-1-0-0-0-0-0-0, vp0-1-0-0-1-0-0-1, vr0-1-0-0- 1-0-0-1, r0-1-0-1-0-1-0-0; IV, femur D0/1-1-1-0-1-1-0-1-0-0-0; tibia vp0-0/1-0-0-0-0-0, vr0-0-0-0-0-0-0/1; metatarsus vp0-0-0/1-0-0-0-2, vr metatarsal comb with 4 macrosetae.

Female (IBSP 166779). Carapace and chelicerae brown, with cephalic region darker ( Fig. 22F ). Endites brown; labium dark brown. Sternum brownish orange, with darker margins, marbled with dark pigment, and three pairs of dark marginal areas ( Fig. 22G ). Palps brownish yellow, with tibia and tarsus reddish. Legs brownish yellow, with pairs I‒II darker. Metatarsus and tarsus of legs I‒II darker than the other segments. Dark pigment forming diffuse rings in the distal region of tibia, metatarsus and tarsus, of legs I‒II ( Fig. 22I ‒J ). Abdomen as in male ( Fig. 22F‒G ). Total length 9.88; carapace 4.44 long, 2.68 wide. Chelicerae not projected ( Fig. 22F ). Legs: robust and densely coated with setae, mainly on the ventral region of pairs I‒III; legs I‒II with ventro-prolateral and ventro-retrolateral tibial macrosetae of similar size, and metatarsal macrosetae of different sizes ( Fig. 22I ‒J ). Leg formula: I-II-IV-III. Leg measurements: I, femur 3.04, patella 1.52, tibia 2.36, metatarsus 2.32, tarsus 0.76, total 10.0; II, 2.76, 1.48, 2.32, 2.16, 0.68, 9.4; III, 2.16, 1.24, 1.48, 1.52, 0.6, 7.0; IV, 2.8, 1.56, 2.16, 1.8, 0.64, 8.96. Macrosetae: I, femur P0-0-0-0-0-1-0; tibia vp1-0-1-0-1-0-1, vr1-0-1-0-1-0-1, R0-1-0-0-0-0-0; metatarsus vp1-1-0/ 1-1-1-1-1-1, vr1-1-1-1-1-1-1 ( Fig. 22I ‒J ); II, femur D0-0-0-0-0-0/2-0, P0-0-0-0-1-1-0; tibia P0-0-0-0/1-0-0/1-0, vp1-0-1-0-1-0-1, vr1-0-1-0-1-0-1; metatarsus vp1-1-0/1-1-1-1-1-1, vr0/1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1-1; IV, femur D0-1-1-0-0- 0-0; metatarsus vp0-0-0-0-0-0-1, vr metatarsal comb with 4 macrosetae. Genital external plate wide and conspicuous, occupying 1/3 of the epigastric region ( Fig. 22G‒H ). Internal genitalia: anterior receptaculum with the glandular plate rounded ( Fig. 23C‒D ).

Variation. Male (n=10): Total length 5.12‒7.04; carapace 2.92‒3.52 long, 2.0‒2.48 wide; femur I 2.44‒3.4. Female (n=10): Total length 8.72‒11.64; carapace 3.84‒4.88 long, 2.44‒3.08 wide; femur I 2.64‒3.4.

Distribution. South of Brazil, Uruguay, and center and east of Argentina ( Fig. 70 ).

Figures

FIGURE 1. Images of live specimens of Ariadna: Ariadna mollis (Holmberg, 1876), male (A) and female (B); Ariadna crassipalpa (Blackwall, 1863), female (C); Aridna comata O. P.-Cambridge, 1898, female (D). Photos by R.P. Indicatti (A‒C) and L.S. Carvalho (D).

FIGURE 18. Ariadna crassipalpa (Blackwall, 1863). Male from Porto Alegre (MCN 3577) (A‒E): habitus, dorsal (A) and ventral view (B); right leg I, prolateral (C) and retrolateral view (D); right metatarsus I, ventral view (E), arrowhead = curved macroseta. Female from Canela (MCN 0551) (F‒I): habitus, dorsal (F) and ventral view (G); right leg I, prolateral (H) and retrolateral view (I). Scale bar:1mm.

FIGURE 20. Ariadna mollis (Holmberg, 1876). Male from Parque Estadual do Jaraguá (IBSP 166961) (A‒E): habitus, dorsal (A) and ventral view (B); right leg I, prolateral (C) and retrolateral view (D); right metatarsus I, ventral view (E). Female from Instituto Butantan (IBSP 72885) (F‒I): habitus, dorsal (F) and ventral view (G); right leg I, prolateral (H) and retrolateral view (I). Scale bar: 1mm.

FIGURE 22. Ariadna boesenbergi Keyserling, 1877. Male from Reserva Biológica São Donato (IBSP 166778) (A‒E): Habitus, dorsal (A) and ventral view (B); left leg I, prolateral view (C) and retrolateral view (D); left metatarsi I, ventral view (E). Female from Parque Natural INIA Las Brujas (IBSP 166779) (F‒J): habitus, dorsal (F) and ventral view (G); epigastric furrow (H), arrowheads = ventral anterior sigillae; right leg I, prolateral (I) and retrolateral view (J). Scale bar:1mm.

FIGURE 23. Ariadna boesenbergi Keyserling, 1877. Male from Reserva Biológica São Donato (IBSP 166778) (A‒B): left palp, prolateral (A) and retrolateral view (B). Female from Buceo (MNHNU 656) (C‒D): Internal genitalia, lateral view (C); Anterior receptaculum, ventral view (D). Scale bar:1mm.

FIGURE 45. Ariadna calilegua Grismado, 2008. Male from 22km N La Caldera (AMNH) (A‒E): habitus, dorsal (A) and ventral (B); right leg I, prolateral (C) and retrolateral view (D); right metatarsi I, ventral view (E). Female from Tapia (NHM 1903.4.1.284‒286)(F‒I):habitus, dorsal(F)and ventral view (G); rightleg I, prolateral(H)(arrowhead = prolateral macrosetae on the patella) and retrolateral view (I). Scale bar:1mm.

FIGURE 47. Ariadna changellkuk Grismado, 2008. Male from Renca (AMNH) (A‒E): habitus, dorsal (A) and ventral view (B); left leg I, prolateral (C) and retrolateral view (D), inset = macrosetae in the ventral region of the femur I; left metatarsus I, ventral view (E). Female (Paratype) from East of Curicó (AMNH) (F‒I): habitus, dorsal (F) and ventral view (G); right leg I, prolateral (H) and retrolateral view (I). Scale bar:1mm.

FIGURE 50. Ariadna levii Grismado, 2008. Male from R. N. Los Ruiles (MACN-Ar 29452) (A‒E): habitus, dorsal (A) and ventral view (B);right leg I, prolateral (C) and retrolateral view (D); right metatarsus I (E). Female from Valdivia (MHNS 836) (F‒I):habitus, dorsal (F) and ventral view (G); right leg I, prolateral (H) and retrolateral view (I).Scale bar:1mm.

FIGURE 70. Locality of the specimens of A. maxima, A. boesenbergi, A. araucana, A. levii, A. gaucha n. sp. and A. lalen n. sp. examined in the present study.

FIGURE31. Ariadna perkinsiSimon, 1900.Male (Holotype) from Kauai (NHM 1904.X.24.3) (A‒D): habitus, dorsal (A) and ventral view (B); left palp, retrolateral view (C); right metatarsi I, ventral view (D). Female from Oahu (IBSP 209956) (E‒J): habitus, dorsal (E) and ventral view (F); right leg I, prolateral (G) and retrolateral view (H); internal genitalia, lateral view (I); anterior receptaculum, ventral view (J). Scale bar:1mm.