Sparus galilaeus, Linnaeus, 1758

Saad, Adib, Çiçek, Erdoğan, Esmaeili, Hamid Reza, Fricke, Ronald, Sungur, Sevil & Eagderi, Soheil, 2023, Freshwater fishes of Syria: a revised and updated annotated checklist- 2023, Zootaxa 5350 (1), pp. 1-62 : 10

Nun galilaeus (G̡nther, 1864) [N]—Galilean loach; None

Taxonomy. Original description: Cobitis galilaea Günther, 1864: 493 [Lake Tiberias [Galilée], Israel; holotype (unique): BMNH 1863.11.3.8].—Syrian synonyms: Cobitis galilaea Günther, 1864 ; Nemacheilus galilaeus (Günther, 1864) ; Oxynoemacheilus galilaeus (Günther, 1864) ; Nun galilaea (Günther, 1864) .—Revisions: Banarescu et al. (1982: 23); Prokofiev (2009, 2010, 2017: 252).—Illustration: Prokofiev (2017: 254, fig. 68); Freyhof et al. (2012: 304, fig. 1, Syria); Freyhof et al. (2020: 231 as Oxynoemacheilus galilaeus ).

Status in Syria. First record from Syria by Saad et al (2009).—Syria material: FSJF.

Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Jordan: Nahr al-Bared springs, Orontes River Basin.—Distribution in River Basin: 5-Barada & Awaj, 6-Coastal, 7-Al-Yarmouk.—General distribution: Hulwh Lake, Jordan River basin, Israel, Syria.—Distribution in Ecoregion: 436-Coastal Levant, 437-Orontes, 438- Jordan River.—Habitat: his is a lacustrine species which inhabits lake shores. Freshwater.

Economic importance. No commercial importance.

Conservation. Conservation Status in Syria: Unknown.—IUCN: CR ( IUCN 2023).—Threats: ABS, CON, CLI, EUT.—High sensitivity to human activities.—Keystone species.—Decline status: Unknown.—High priority for conservation action.