Callitriche turfosa Bertero ex Hegelmaier (1864: 59)

Lansdown, Richard V. & Hassemer, Gustavo, 2021, The genus Callitriche (Plantaginaceae: Callitricheae) in South America, Phytotaxa 501 (1), pp. 85-118 : 112-113

22. Callitriche turfosa Bertero ex Hegelmaier (1864: 59)

≡ Callitriche terrestris subsp. turfosa (Bertero ex Hegelm.) Bacigalupo (1979a: 578) .

Type: — CHILE. VALPARAÍSO: Quillota, 1829, C.L.G. Bertero 881 (lectotype [designated here] TUB-022350! [ Figure 7 ]; isolectotypes GH barcode 00048933!, P barcode P04214973!, P barcode P04214974!) .

= Callitriche deflexa var. phaeocarpa Hegelmaier (1868: 106) .

Type: — CHILE. VALPARAÍSO: Catapilco , September 1865, Philippi s.n. (lectotype [designated here] STU-15653!) .

Description: —Stem and leaf scales present. Leaf bases connate. Lingulate leaves unknown, expanded or floating leaves unknown, leaves of terrestrial plants essentiallY uniform 2–4 × 0.75–1.50 mm, 3-nerved. UsuallY ♂ and ♀ flowers opposed bY a solitarY ♀, less often solitarY. Bracts lacking. StYles looselY ascending, caducous or persistent, ≤ 1.0 mm long. Filament ≤ 1 mm long; anther 2 mm diameter; pollen Yellow. Fruit wider than high, on pedicels <0.4 mm, blackish when mature, 0.6–1.1 × 0.7–1.0 mm, wing narrow throughout 0.03–0.06 mm wide.

Illustrations: —plates 1169(10) and 1170(1) in Fassett (1951); Figure 7 (h–o) in Bacigalupo (1979b); Figure 5 (k).

Distribution: — Callitriche turfosa occurs throughout much of Argentina from Chubut Province northwards and in Chile from Valparaíso northwards to Bolivia. Known altitudinal range: 450–4100 m. See map on page 147 in Fassett (1951).

Notes: —The protologue of Callitriche turfosa ( Hegelmaier 1864: 59) provided the following information on the type: “ C. turfosa Bert. in sched. Herb. Berol.” and “Vaterland Chile (Bertero)”. The type is unfortunately not to be found at B, and it was most probably destroyed in 1943 when this herbarium was bombed. A great many Callitriche specimens collected in Chile by Carlo Luigi Giuseppe Bertero were located, belonging to different species such as C. berteroana , C. lechleri and C. turfosa . It should be noted that the lectotype of C. lechleri is the specimen C.L.G. Bertero 142 (GH barcode 00048932), duplicates exist in many herbaria ( Hassemer & Lansdown 2018) and that the holotype of C. berteroana is C.L.G. Bertero 141 (P barcode P00697226).

Hegelmaier’s (1864) morphological description of C. turfosa is not enough for the unequivocal application of the name ( Fassett 1951: 194). In order to promote nomenclatural and taxonomic stability, we are following the application of C. turfosa by Fassett (1951), which was also followed by Bacigalupo (1979a, b) in her proposal of the new combination C. terrestris subsp. turfosa . We have selected the best, most complete and most representative specimen that we could locate, TUB-022350 ( Figure 7 ), as the lectotype of C. turfosa .

Extensive study of herbarium material has shown that Bacigalupo (1979a, b) erred when she proposed the reduction of C. turfosa to subspecific status within C. terrestris . Callitriche terrestris can easily be distinguished from C. turfosa by its fruits with plane faces, whereas C. deflexa has fruits with convex faces; no intermediate forms between the two species could be found. C. turfosa can be distinguished from other Callitriche species in the region by the lack of bracts, simple venation and presence of ♂ and ♀ flowers together in manY leaf aXils.

Conservation status: — Callitriche turfosa is classed as Least Concern (LC) because it is widespread and at least locally abundant and faces no know significant threats.

Additional material studied: — ARGENTINA. [illegible], G. Hieronymus 170 (K); Rio Corcorado , 8–10 March 1901, N. Illin 113 (BR barcode BR0000024932585) . BUENOS AIRES. Orillas del Río, Martínez, 5 November 1969, A.E. Burkart 27577 (SI); Isla Talavera , 30 October 1973, A.E. Burkart 29968 (SI) ; CATAMARCA: [illegible] de los Padres bei Catamarca, 21–24 November 1872, G. Hieronymus 450 (F); Río del Valle , Capital Dept., 3 October 1910, L. Castillon 14408 [also numbered 77723] (GH); 1907, L. Castillon 117 (SI) ; CHUBUT: [illegible], Lago Vintter, dpto. Tehuelcher , 19 March 1994, E.G. Nicora 10010 (SI) ; CÓRDOBA: Puerto del Parais, 17 October 1897, T. Stuckert 3273 (G); 29 October 1902, T. Stuckert 11935 (G); 28 March 1903, T. Stuckert 12876 (G); Río Primuro near Córdoba, 20 October 1871, P.G. Lorentz 526 (G); Puerto del Paraíso , nr. Córdoba, 1896, T. Stuckert s.n. (G); faldeos orientales, in mediac. del Cerro Blanco, Sierra Grande, Punilla Dept., 24 October 1954, A.T. Hunziker 10313 (NY) ; CORRIENTES: En charcos en el bosque de algarrobo y ñandubay, 75 km N de Mercedes, Laguna Trin, Ea. Culantrillar , Mercedes Department , 17–24 October 1975, A. Schinini et al. 11737 (G) ; ENTRE RÍOS: Diamante , quebrada del [erminteris?}, 3 November 1970, A.E. Burkart 27982 (SI); Concordia a Los Charruás en el desvio al Federal, Dep. Concordia, 19 September 1977, N. Troncoso et al. 1993 (SI); Gualeguaychu, camino al Balneario El Nandubaysal, 25 September 1977, N. Troncoso et al. 2133 (SI) ; JUJUY: In moist sand, marshy spots in light forest on hillside, Capital Dept., 1200 m, 2 October 1938, W.J. Eyerdam & A.A. Beetle 22337 (GH); along margins of ponds, wet sand in pond left by receding river, Rio Zapala 25 km south of Jujuy , 1200 m, 3 October 1938, W.J. Eyerdam & A.A. Beetle 22385 (GH, K); in wet sand, pond left by receding river, Rio Zapala , 25 km east of Jujuy , Capital Dept., 1250 m, 3 October 1938, W.J. Eyerdam & A.A. Beetle 26315 (G, GH, K), Salta Chaco serrano seco, Ruta 26, entre la Pedrera y Las Tienditas, 17–40 km al sur de Salta, 1100–1200 m, 25 October 1987, L.J. Novara & W. Rauch 7018 (G); Ancho [illegible], Capital Dept., L.N. Novara 2144 (SI) ; TUCUMÁN: San Felipe, Los Tucanes, Capital Department , 4 September 1949, B. Sás 51 (P barcode P04214898); Chanar Pozo , Leales Department , 300 m, 5 October 1919, S. Venturi 482 ( US); Río Lali , Caital Department, 450 m, 23 September 1923, S. Venturi 2066 ( US); Los Herrera, Leales Department, L. Monetti 1226 (F); [illegible] Chiclagasta Department, 22 October 1913, L. Monetti 1343 (F); Capital Department, July 1915, Lillo 7458 (F); Cerro de San Javier , Cumbre Ciénaga, 24 October 1897, Lillo 2081 (NY) . BOLIVIA. LA PAZ: Comanche, Ingavi Province , 4100 m, 8 March 1931, E. Asplund 2838 (NY) ; TARIJA: Bosco denso siempreverde, Tucumano-Boliviano, Piso de Laurales y Myrtaceae , es uno de los components Tipuana tipu en algunas exposiciones y valles profundos, recorrido hacia el Sur de la Quebrada Naranjal, Reserva Nacional de Flora y Fanua Tariquía SE Comunidas Achirales, Arce, 1666 m, 15 November 2004, M. Serrano et al. 5239 (NY) . CHILE. In fossis [illegible], August 1829, M. Gay 199 (P barcode P04214976); [illegible] Valdivio, M. Gay 401 (P barcode P04214971) . ANTOFAGASTA: Growing in and about margin of waterhole, Agua Dulce, Taltal Dept. , lat 25º 16’ S, 28 November 1925, I.M. Johnston 5187 (GH, US). VALPARAÍSO, 1895, O. Buchein s.n. ( US) . COLOMBIA . Bro. Ariste-Joseph A959 ( US) ; HUILA: Covering muddy ground in yard, Finca Miravalles, on ridge between Quebrada Aguablanca and Quebrada Chonta , Gigante Municipality , Huila Department , 1850 m, 27 January 1943, F.R. Fosberg 19852 (NY) ; SANTANDER: En el páramo de Santurban, en suelos húmedos, 3600 m, 27 August 1948, J.A. Molina & F.A. Barkley 18S723 (F); weed in patio of Hotel Santander, 17 April 1944, N.C. Fassett 25071 (GH, US) . ECUADOR. BOLIVAR: Atio de Pucare, camino de Telimbela, subtropico de Occ. , 1500 m, 23 November 1943, M.A. Solis 6994 (F) ; NAPO: Cushions on rock shelves, roadside and grass páramo with numerous small lakes, 10 km above Laguna de Papallacta on road Quito-Papallacta , 3800 m, 5 June 1973, L. Holm-Nielsen et al. 6765 (NY) . PERU. JUNIN: Edge of forest, Carpapata, above Huacapistana , Junin Department , 7 June 1929, E.P. Killip & A.C. Smith 24386 (NY, US) ; LIMA: [mostly illegible] Lima, 1864, collector unknown 148 (MEL-2404673).

Figures

FIGURE 5. Fruits of South American Callitriche: a—C. lechleri, b—C. mandonis, c—C. nubigena, d—C. oblongicarpa, e—C. praetermissa, f—C. quindiensis, g—C. rimosa, h—C. schotsmaniana, i—C. stagnalis, j—C. terrestris, k—C. turfosa.

FIGURE 7. Lectotype of Callitriche turfosa (C.L.G. Bertero 881, TUB-022350). Copyright: Universität Tübingen.