Croton fulvus Mart.

Pereira, Amanda Da Paixão Noronha, Riina, Ricarda & Caruzo, Maria Beatriz Rossi, 2022, Croton (Euphorbiaceae) of the Brazilian state of Paraná: an annotated checklist, species distribution, and identification key, Phytotaxa 570 (3), pp. 231-274 : 245

12. Croton fulvus Mart. in Spix & Martius (1823: 282).

Lectotype (designated by Sodré & Silva 2020):— BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: “prope Barreira , inter frutices, ad camporum margines et in vepretis”, s.d., C.F.P. von Martius Obs. 1407 ( M 0089129 !; isolectotype G 00434720!) . (Illustration available in Sodré & Silva 2020: 210)

Croton fulvus is morphologically similar to C. grandivelus , due to overlapping features (such as shrub habit, stature, presence of colleters, trichome type, and entire stipules with colleters at the base). Sodré & Silva (2020) used stem branching as a diagnostic character (much-branched stems in dichotomous or trichotomous, sometimes even in 6- furcation in C. fulvus vs. few-branched stems in simple ramifications or in dichotomies, sometimes trichotomies in C. grandivelus ), stem ornamentation (striate in C. fulvus vs. smooth in C. grandivelus ), and capsule shape and indumentum (oblong and pubescent in C. fulvus vs. globose and velutinous in C. grandivelus ). The species belongs to sect. Adenophylli subsect. Velamea ( Baillon 1864: 316) van Ee & Berry (2021: 333)

Distribution and habitat:—It occurs in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil (BA, DF, GO, MA, MG, MS, MT, PR, SP, TO), and Paraguay ( Sodré & Silva 2020), in cerrado and “campo sujo”, between 700 and 805 m of elevation ( Fig. 6 ).

Phenology: —Flowering and fruiting from November to February

Representative specimens:— BRAZIL. Paraná: Arapoti, Rio das Cinzas, Barra do Perdizes , 11 November 1960, G . Hatschbach 6838 ( MBM); 26 February 1961, G . Hatschbach 7764 ( MBM); margem da PR-239, próximo a cachoeira, 24°10’38.6”S, 49°54’3.9”W, 803 m, 4 November 2007, M. G . Caxambu et al. 1938 ( HCF, MBM, UFMT). Sengés, by the road to Jaguariaíva, 24°8’S, 49°28’W, 800 m, 19 January 1965, L. B . Smith et al. 14862 ( HBR, US).

Figures

FIGURE 6. Map showing the known geographic distributions of Croton didrichsenii, C. eichleri, C. floribundus and C. fulvus in Paraná state.