Begonia sikkimensis

Camfield, Rebecca & Hughes, Mark, 2018, A revision and one new species of Begonia L. (Begoniaceae, Cucurbitales) in Northeast India, European Journal of Taxonomy 396, pp. 1-116 : 88-90

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.5852/ejt.2018.396

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3794275

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0397A96F-2F3A-FF8E-03A6-F9E9E57C2D89

treatment provided by

Valdenar

scientific name

Begonia sikkimensis
status

 

Begonia sikkimensis View in CoL A.DC. [sect. Platycentrum ]

Fig. 57 View Fig

Annales des Sciences Naturelles; Botanique, Sér. 4, 11: 134 (de Candolle 1859). – Type: India, Sikkim, 1850, Hooker 14 (lecto-: K000761425, here designated; isolecto-: K000761424).

Citations in other publications

de Candolle (1864: 349), Clarke (1879: 646), Clarke (1881: 119), Clarke (1890: 25), Fischer (1938: 98), Hara (1966: 215), Hara et al. (1979: 182), Grierson (1991: 241), Hynniewta (1994: 183), Kumar (2002: 652), Kress et al. (2003: 172), Gu et al. (2007: 198), Uddin (2007: 595), Hughes (2008: 116), Dash (2010: 40).

Other material

INDIA: Arunachal-Pradesh: Buyang, Dash 32658 ( ARUN n.v.); ibid., Dash 32654 ( ARUN n.v.); Dirang dzong, 14 Aug. 1938, Ward 14074 ( BM); Mariyang, Choudhery 18489 ( ARUN n.v.); Palin, Pal 478 ( ARUN n.v.). Mizoram, Lushai Hills,Aijal, Sep. 1927, Parry 253 ( K); Vanlaiphai, Parry 253 (n.v.). Nagaland, Naga Hills, Kohima, 8 Jul. 1950, Koelz 25465 ( MICH); ibid., 12 Sep. 1950, Koelz 26170 ( MICH); Naga Hills, Takubama, 27 Aug. 1950, Chand 3467 ( MICH).

Description

Rhizomatous, erect, monoecious herb, 30–200 cm high. Rhizome: 10–15 mm wide, glabrous, internodes 1–3 cm apart. Stem: slightly woody, stout, ca 1 cm wide, glabrous, internodes 5–9 cm long. Stipules: lanceolate, 18 –27 × 3–7 mm, glabrous, caduceus. Leaves: petiole 5–15(–20) cm long, glabrous; lamina ovate-orbicular to broadly ovate, basifixed, base shallowly cordate, 10–24 × 11–25 cm, slightly asymmetric, upper surface green, or green with darker margin, glabrous, underside green, sparsely puberulous hairs on veins to glabrous, venation palmate, midrib 8–21 cm long; margin deeply lobed about main veins with fine serrations, mostly glabrous; apex acuminate. Inflorescence: cymose, axillary, few; peduncle glabrous, branching 2–3 times, primary 10 –20 cm, secondary 2–8 cm, tertiary 3–4 cm, with 2– 6 female and 2– 4 male flowers; bracts ovate to ovate-orbicular, 15–20 × 8–15 mm, margin entire, deciduous. Male flower: pedicel 10–22 mm long, glabrous; tepals 4; outer tepals ovate, 10–15 × 5–10 mm, pale pink to red, glabrous, entire; inner tepals ovate to oblong, 7–14 × 3–9 mm, pale pink, glabrous; androecium with 40–80 stamens, symmetric; filaments 1–2 mm long, unequal, fused at base; anther oblong elliptic, 1–1.5 mm long, dehiscing through slits longer than half the length of the anther, not hooded, connective extended. Female flower: pedicel 9–24 mm long, glabrous; bracteoles absent; tepals 5, equal, ovate, outer tepals 4–9 × 3–5 mm, pale pink to red, margin entire, inner tepals similar yet smaller; ovary 2-locular, placentae bifid; capsule oblong-ellipsoid, 4–7 × 2–5 mm, with one long oblong wing and two short oblong wings; styles 2, deeply forked once and twisted once, deciduous. Fruit: recurved, 12–17 × 17– 43 mm; capsule oblong-ellipsoid, 12–15 × 4–6 mm, glabrous; wings extending along the pedicel slightly, unequal; longest rounded oblong, 12–32 × 5–17 mm; shortest oblong, 1–5 × 7–11 mm.

Distribution and phenology

Arunachal-Pradesh, Mizoram and Nagaland; also in China, Tibet, Nepal, Sikkim and Myanmar; 150–2150 m. Flowering: July to September; fruiting: August to October.

Conservation status Least Concern. Begonia sikkimensis has an AOO of 76 km 2 and an EOO of 494,000 km 2 with a

distribution encompassing ample suitable habitat. The species is found in several national parks in Nepal and near Moulling National Park in Arunachal-Pradesh and near the Khawnglung Wildlife Sanctuary in Mizoram.

Key to varieties:

1. Plant up to 1 m high, stems green, petioles 10–27 cm, leaves under 20 cm long, male flowers uniform pale pink, female flowers pale pink ......................... B. sikkimensis View in CoL A.DC. var. sikkimensis

– Plant up to 2 m high, stems red to dark pink, petioles 3–23 cm, leaves can be over 20 cm long, male flowers outer tepals dark pink to red, inner tepals pale pink, female flowers tepals dark pink ........... B. sikkimensis View in CoL A.DC. var. kamengensis Rekha Morris, P.D.McMillan & Golding ex Golding View in CoL

ARUN

Botanical Survey of India, Arunachal Pradesh Regional Centre

BM

Bristol Museum

K

Royal Botanic Gardens

MICH

University of Michigan

Kingdom

Plantae

Phylum

Tracheophyta

Class

Magnoliopsida

Order

Cucurbitales

Family

Begoniaceae

Genus

Begonia

Loc

Begonia sikkimensis

Camfield, Rebecca & Hughes, Mark 2018
2018
Loc

11: 134 (de Candolle 1859 )
Loc

Candolle (1864: 349)
Clarke (1879: 646)
Clarke (1881: 119)
Clarke (1890: 25)
Fischer (1938: 98)
Hara (1966: 215)
Hara et al. (1979: 182) ,
Grierson (1991: 241)
Hynniewta (1994: 183) ,
Kumar (2002: 652)
Kress et al. (2003: 172)
Gu et al. (2007: 198)
Uddin (2007: 595)
Hughes (2008: 116)
Dash (2010: 40)
GBIF Dataset (for parent article) Darwin Core Archive (for parent article) View in SIBiLS Plain XML RDF