Homoeomyzo, Galileo & Komiya & Santos-Silva, 2018

Galileo, Maria Helena M., Komiya, Ziro & Santos-Silva, Antonio, 2018, Description of a new genus and two new species of Anacolini (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Prioninae) from South America, Zootaxa 4500 (2), pp. 281-288 : 283-285

Homoeomyzo gen. nov.

Type species. Homoeomyzo katsurai sp. nov., monotypy.

Etymology. Prefix “homoeo-”, alternative form of the prefix “homoe-”, from the Greek ὅµοιος (hómoios, “of like kind, similar”) + “ myzo ”, allusive to the several morphological features shared by the new genus with Myzomorphus . Masculine gender.

Description. General form elongate-oblong, moderate-sized. Body slightly flattened.

Male. Head. Wider than long, with abundant, long, erect setae; area between antennal tubercles concave. Antennal tubercles well-separated from each other. Eyes moderately large, with lower eye lobe occupying large portion of lateral area; upper eye lobes well-separated; deeply emarginate. Genae with rounded apex. Labrum distinctly smaller than clypeus. Mandibles shorter than head, tridentate at anterior half of inner side (including apical tooth), nearly straight at inner side posterior half. Maxillary palpus slightly longer than labial one; maxillary palpomere II longer than III and IV; last maxillary and labial palpomere fusiform. Antennae 12-segmented, distinctly surpassing elytral apex; scape short, tronco-conical, apex almost reaching anterior prothoracic margin, distinctly shorter than antennomere III; antennomeres III–XI flabellate (flabellum ventrally carinate); antennomere XII the shortest, well-separated from XI; sensorial area of antennomeres pubescent. Thorax. Prothorax wider than long; wider posteriorly than anteriorly; posterolateral angles not projected, rounded; lateral margins with small, triangular tubercle at posterior third. Pronotum with wide, moderately elevated gibbosity on each side of posterior 2/3; with abundant, long, erect setae. Ventral surface of thorax with abundant, long, erect, setae; prosternal length distinctly shorter than width of prosternal process; prosternal process distinctly wider than width of profemora, plate-shaped, coarsely, densely, deeply punctate. Metaventral process inclined and concave between mesocoxae, with its apex ending under mesoventral process. Central area of metaventrite largely plate-shaped, coarsely, densely punctate. Metanepisternum wide, distinctly narrowed toward truncate apex. Scutellum large, rounded posteriorly. Elytra. Cuneiform, with apex nearly triangular, almost reaching apex of abdomen; inner margins distinctly separated from each other, parallel-sided at basal 2/3, dehiscent from distal third. Membranous wings present, without wedge cell. Legs. Profemora subfusiform, slightly widened from base to before midlength, then distinctly narrowed toward apex; somewhat flattened laterally, narrower dorsally than ventrally (in cross-section, triangular); with moderately abundant, long, erect setae, denser ventrally. Tibiae slightly flattened laterally (protibia more distinctly), gradually widened from base to apex; metatibiae not foliaceous. Metatarsi moderately long, about 0.4 times length of metatibia. Abdomen. Proportionally short (about as long as meso- and metathorax together); intercoxal process triangular; ventrite V about as long as IV; apex of ventrite V deeply emarginate (Vshaped).

Female. General setae less conspicuous. Antennae 11-segmented (antennomere XII fused with XI), nearly reaching posterior quarter of elytra; antennomeres V–X flabellate (flabellum shorter and narrower than in male); sensorial area of antennomeres not pubescent. Prosternal process table-shaped as in male, but not densely or deeply punctate, slightly wider than maximum width of profemora. Disc of metaventrite not forming differentiated central plate. Scutellum subtriangular. Elytra more oblong; inner margins similar to male, but more closely to each other at anterior third, dehiscent from midlength. Abdominal ventrite V distinctly longer than IV.

Remarks. The general appearance of the male of Homoeomyzo gen. nov. resembles that of Piesacus Galileo, 1987 (see Bezark 2018) and Episacus Waterhouse, 1880 (see Bezark 2018), especially by the abundant setae and proportions. However, it shares other features with Myzomorphus Sallé, 1850 (see Bezark 2018), especially the shape of prosternal and metaventral processes. Male of Homoeomyzo differs from that of Piesacus as follows: antennae distinctly surpassing elytral apex; antennomere III much longer than the scape; antennomere XI distinctly shorter than III (about three times); scutellum with rounded apex; prosternal process plate-shaped, distinctly wider than length of the prosternum; metaventral process flattened, with its apex under mesoventral process; elytra cuneiform (apex triangularly narrowed); elytra not dentate laterally (outer angle absent). In males of Piesacus the antennae slightly surpass middle of the elytra, length of the antennomere III at most twice the length of scape, antennomere XI as long as III or slightly shorter, scutellum triangular, prosternal process not plate-shaped, about as wide as length of the prosternum, metaventral process tumid and elevated, elytra not cuneiform (apex truncate or obliquely truncate), outer elytral angle present and dentiform. Female of Homoeomyzo differs from that of Piesacus by the antennomere III about four times as long as scape (about 1.5 times in Piesacus ), antennomere III distinctly longer than XI (XI longer than III in Piesacus ), elytral apex narrow and uniformly rounded (obliquely truncate in Piesacus ), metaventral process as in male (tumid as in male of Piesacus ). Male of Homoeomyzo (females are unknown) differs from that of Episacus as follows: antennae surpassing elytral apex; antennomere III much longer than scape; flabella of the antennomeres distinctly wide; prosternal process plate-shaped, distinctly wider than length of the prosternum; metaventral process flattened, with its apex under mesoventral process; posterolateral angles of the prothorax not projected laterally; elytra cuneiform (apex triangularly narrowed); elytra not carinate. In Episacus , the antennae almost reach the elytral apex, antennomere III is about as long as scape, flabella of the antennomeres are narrow, prosternal process is not plate-shaped and is approximately as wide as length of the prosternum, metaventral process is tumid and elevated, posterolateral angles of the prothorax are projected laterally, the elytra is not cuneiform, with its apex wide, rounded laterally and with sutural angle projected, and the elytra carinate. Male of Homoeomyzo differs from that of Myzomorphus as follows: head proportionally small (length about six times elytral length); length of head + prothorax longer than 2.5 times elytral length; head, pronotum and ventral side of thorax with long, erect setae very abundant; elytra long, reaching apex of abdominal ventrite V. In male of Myzomorphus , the head is proportionally large (length from 2.5 to 4.0 times elytral length), length of head + prothorax shorter than two times elytral length, head, pronotum and ventral side of thorax without abundant, long setae, and elytra short, reaching, at most, apex of abdominal ventrite III. Female of Homoeomyzo differs from that of Myzomorphus by the length of the head + prothorax slightly more than 3.5 times elytral length (at most, 3 times in Myzomorphus ). Although the features separating Homoeomyzo from Myzomorphus are few, they becoming very evident when species of both genera are compared. Homoeomyzo can be included in the alternative of couplet “17” from Santos-Silva & Galileo (2018):

17(16). Wings with wedge cell............................................................. Oideterus Thomson, 1857

- Wings without wedge cell.............................................................................. 18

18(17). Male head about six times elytral length; male elytra reaching apex of abdominal ventrite V; in female, length of head and prothorax together about 3.5 times elytral length.............................................. Homoeomyzo gen. nov.

- Male head, at most, four times elytral length; male elytra reaching, at most, apex of abdominal ventrite III; in female, length of head and prothorax together, at most, three times elytral length.............................. Myzomorphus Sallé, 1850