Fusarium sulawense N. Maryani, Sand.

Maryani, N., Sandoval-Denis, M., Lombard, L., Crous, P. W. & Kema, G. H. J., 2019, New endemic Fusarium species hitch-hiking with pathogenic Fusarium strains causing Panama disease in small-holder banana plots in Indonesia, Persoonia 43, pp. 48-69 : 65

Fusarium sulawense N. Maryani, Sand. -Den., L. Lombard, Kema & Crous, sp. nov.

— MycoBank MB828963;

Fig. 9

Etymology. Name refers to Sulawesi, the island from where this species was collected in Indonesia.

Typus. INDONESIA, Desa Seli, Kecamatan Bengo, Bone , Sulawesi Selatan ( E 120°1'12.8" S4°37'26"), on infected pseudostem of Musa acuminata var. Pisang Cere (AAA), 12 Aug. 2015, N. Maryani (holotype specimen and culture, InaCC F940 , preserved in metabolically inactive state) .

Sporulation abundant from conidiophores carried on aerial mycelium and from sporodochia. Conidiophores on aerial mycelium abundant on PDA and SNA, less frequent on CLA, septate, irregularly or verticillately branched; conidiogenous cells mono- or polyphialidic, subulate to subcylindrical, smooth- and thin-walled, (8.5–)14–22.5(–27) × (2–)2.5–4(–4.5) µm (av. 18 × 3 µm), formed singly, laterally or terminally, or more often in groups of 2–3 cells, sometimes proliferating percurrently, collarettes and periclinal thickening inconspicuous or absent; conidia of one type (macroconidia), falcate and multiseptate, apical cells papillate, basal cells indistinct or foot-shaped, 3–5(–9)-septate, formed on both mono- and polyphialides, 3-septate conidia, 20.5–47.5(–55) × 3.5–5 µm; 5-septate conidia, (33.5–)39.5–48(–50.5) × (4–) 4.5–5.5 µm; 6-sep- tate conidia, 51.5 × 6 µm; 9-septate conidia, 67 × 5.5 µm; av. (20.5–)36–51(–67.5) × (3.5–)4–5.5(–6) µm. Sporodochia formed rarely on CLA after 7 d, pale orange; conidiophores in sporodochia unbranched or irregularly branched, densely packed, bearing terminal clusters of 2–5 conidiogenous cells; conidiogenous cells monophialidic, short ampulliform, smooth- and thin-walled, (8.5–)9–11.5(–13) × (3–)3.5–5(–5.5) µm (av. 10.5 × 4.5 µm) with a minute collarette and inconspicu- ous periclinal thickening; sporodochial conidia falcate, apical cells gently curved, papillate; basal cells slightly curved, footshaped, (3–)5(–6)-septate: 3-septate conidia, (29.5–)30–44 × 4–4.5 µm; 4-septate conidia, 30 × 5.5 µm; 5-septate conidia, (30–)36–41.5(–43.5) × (3.5–)4–5(–5.5) µm; 6-septate conidia 43.5 × 5 µm; av. (30–)36–41.5(–44) × (3.5–)4–5(–5.5) µm. Chlamydospores not observed.

Culture characteristics — Colony on PDA showing optimal growth at 25 °C with an average growth rate of 5.2–6.0 mm/d. Colony reverse rosy buff becoming white towards the margins. Colony surface dry, cottony, saffron.Aerial mycelium abundant, cottony, with high sporulation and lacking exudates.

Geography & Host — Bone, South Sulawesi, Musa acuminata var. Pisang Cere (AAA).

Pathogenicity — Non-pathogenic on Cavendish (AAA).

Additional material examined. INDONESIA, Desa Sungai Birah, Kecamatan Pamukan Barat, Kota Baru , Kalimantan Selatan ( E 115°59'982" S 2°22'883"), on infected pseudostem of Musa var. Pisang Hawa ( ABB), 19 June 2014, N. Maryani ( InaCC F 964 ) .

Notes — Fusarium sulawense is relatively fast growing (av.5.2– 6.0 mm/d) compared to its sister species in the Incarnatum clade, FIESC-34 (av. 1.3–2.2 mm /d). Members of this species were recovered from different banana varieties in the Kalimantan and Sulawesi islands of Indonesia.

Figures

Fig. 9 Fusarium sulawense (ex-type InaCC F964). a. Culture grown on PDA; b–c. sporodochia on carnation leaves; d–h. aerial conidiophores and conidiogenous cells; i. aerial conidia; j–k. sporodochial conidiophores and conidiogenous cells; l–m. sporodochial conidia. — Scale bars: b–c = 50 µm; d–g, i–m = 10 µm; h = 5 µm.