Utricularia velascoensis Kuntze (1898: 240)

Baleeiro, Paulo C., Gonella, Paulo M., Sano, Paulo T. & Jobson, Richard W., 2022, Unveiling Utricularia amethystina’s true colours: a taxonomic revision of one of the largest species complexes (U. sect. Foliosa, Lentibulariaceae), Phytotaxa 576 (1), pp. 29-54 : 50

14. Utricularia velascoensis Kuntze (1898: 240) — Fig. 4E–G

Type: — BOLIVIA, Velasco , July 1892, Kuntze, O . s.n., (Holotype: NY!, Isotype: B (destroyed, photo, M).

Description:—Terrestrial or affixed sub-aquatic. Small to medium sized perenial herb. Leaves not frequent, spathulate to circular, cuneate base, no nerves, upper surface densely pustulate (5–) 7–20 mm long, traps 1 mm long. Inflorescence mostly simple, glabrous, 80–290(–330) mm long, scales ovate acute or acuminate apex 0.5–0.7 mm long, bract ovate, acuminate obtuse apex, 0.8–1.0 mm long, bracteoles same size of bract or smaller, 0.8mm. Flowers 1–6, pedicel erect 0.7–1.7, calyx lobes unequal, cartaceous, concave, papillose, sparse simple trichomes mainly near the border, upper sepal broadly ovate with rounded-ciliate apex, hyaline margin, culpulate, 2.2 × 1.6 mm, lower sepal broadly ovate 1.5 × 1.8 mm, corolla lilac with the lower lip base spotted white and yellow on the swelling apex, 5–15 mm long, upper lip ovate-elliptic apex rounded, x3> than the upper calyx lobe, lower lip transversally elliptic to broadly obovate, base forming a ball like bilobed swelling c. 7 × 10 mm, filaments curved in the base blackish 1.2 mm long (dried specimen), thecae c. 0.9 mm long, ovary globose, style short, blackish, lower lip stigma circular ciliate, upper lip absent. Capsule not seen.

Distribution and ecology: — Bolivia and Brazil. In Brazil, in the states of Amazonas, Mato Grosso, and Pará. East Bolivia at Velasco municipality, and Noel Kempff National Park. Grows within swampy grassland west of the State of Mato Grosso and Campinas in the Amazon, with Utricularia costata Taylor (1986: 7) , U. pusilla and Drosera spp. Flowers from February to June.

Etymology: —The species epithet refers to the type locality of Velasco province, eastern Bolivia.

Conservation status: —Least Concern. Utricularia velascoensis presents a wide distribution range (EOO = 888,164 km 2, AOO = 44 km 2) and is recorded from the Noel Kempff National Park in Bolivia. Nevertheless, the populations from Brazil are all found outside protected areas and are vulnerable to severe human impact from agriculture related threats, such as eutrophication of wetlands, increased fire regimes, and habitat destruction. Therefore, we recommend that the species be listed as Endangered in the country according to criterion B2ab(iii) of IUCN (2012), given its restricted occurrence in the country (AOO = 28 km 2) and listed threats.

Notes: —Although U. velascoensis ( Fig.4E–G ) brings some morphological similarities with U. damazioi , it can be distinguished by its sepals possessing numerous papillae and simple trichomes mostly in the edges. Its purple corolla is covered in minute simple trichomes that shine when dried.

Additional specimens examined: — BOLIVIA. SANTA CRUZ: Velasco, Campamento Las Torres, margen de Rio Itenez (Guapore), frontera com Mato Grosso , lado noroeste del Serrania Huanchaca , 24km sur de Flor de Oro , mais ou menos 50km norte de Rio Verde , pampa mucho humeda (non inundada), al base del cerro, 24 May. 1991, Marielos & Foster 207 ( F!, SCZ) . Velasco, Parque Noel Kempff M. Campamento La Torre , con diferentes tipos de formaciones desde pampa inundada, 16 Jun. 1994, Quevedo et al. 2579 ( MO) . Parque Nacional Noel Kempff Mercado, Campamento Las Gamas, con ecotonos de Pampa , cerrado, bosque de galeria y bosque humedo, 25 Feb. 1997, Guardia & Surubi 222 ( MO) . DEPT . LA PAZ: Parque Nacional Madidi, entre Queara y Mojos , campamento Tocoaque , bosque de yungas montano inferior pluvial y vegetacion secundaria, 1 Mar. 2008, Fuentes & Quisbert 12211 ( MO) . Nuflo de Chavez, Est. Santa Maria , 7km S of Concepcion, 5 Apr. 1987, Killeen 2438 ( NY) .

BRAZIL. AMAZONAS: Manicoré, BR 230, 150km ao L de Humaitá e 18 km ao S pela Rod. Do Estanho, 15 Abr. 1985, Cid Ferreira 5522 ( NY). Novo Aripuan „, BR 230 , rodovia trans-amazônica entre os kms 350 e 400 ao leste de Humaitá, 30 Abr. 1985, Cid Ferreira 5896 ( NY). Baixo Rio Negro , 25 Abr. 1911, Ducke s/n ( F) . MATO GROSSO: Aguá Boa, Xavantina-Cachimbo road, 60km from Xavantina , wet campo, between cerrado and galllery forest, 6 June 1966, Hunt & Ramos 5826 ( NY). Juruena , Rio Juruena , cachoeira S „o Sim„o, 21 Mai. 1977, Rosa & Santos 1952 ( F). Porto Espiridi„o, Rodovia MT-265, 28 Jan. 2014, Cardoso 132 ( SPF). PARÁ , Itaituba, Serra do Cachimbo, base aérea, estrada Santarém-Cuiabá , BR 163 , Km 794. Campina , solo arenoso, solo úmido, 25 Abr. 1983, Amaral et al. 950 ( NY) .

Figures

FIGURE 4. A–D. U. hirtella s.l., E–G. U. velascoensis, H. U. tridentata, I. U. tricolor, J. U. biceps, K. U. bicolor, L. U. chapadensis, M–N. U. pantaneira, O. U. trinervia. Images C. Rivadavia, D. Rohrbacher, E–G. by Marcos Cardoso, J., K. Gonella.