Alternatipathes alternata ( Brook, 1889 )

Lima, Manuela M., Cordeiro, Ralf T. S. & Perez, Carlos D., 2019, Black Corals (Anthozoa: Antipatharia) from the Southwestern Atlantic, Zootaxa 4692 (1), pp. 1-67 : 47

publication ID	https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4692.1.1
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:F054DC68-6A7E-4C80-9094-8ECCA4502CD6
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5688370
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scientific name	Alternatipathes alternata ( Brook, 1889 )
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Alternatipathes alternata ( Brook, 1889) View in CoL View at ENA

Fig. 35 View FIGURE 35

Bathypathes alternata Brook, 1889: 153 View in CoL , 180, 186, pl. 9; Cairns et al., 2009: 94;

Non Bathypathes alternata, Opresko, 1974: 127 View in CoL ; Wagner et al., 2011: 215, 218–219, fig. 1; Wagner et al., 2012: 84; Brugler et al., 2013: 343.

p.p. Bathypathes patula, Pasternak, 1958: 181 View in CoL –187; Pasternak 1964: 201; Pasternak, 1976: 47; Pasternak, 197: 157–159; Vinogradova, 1977: 362.

Non Bathypathes patula Brook, 1889: 151–152 View in CoL , pl. 5.

Type and type locality. BMNH 1890.4 .9.21 (holotype): 36º9’57.6”N, 178º0’0”E, Pacific, 3749 m GoogleMaps .

Diagnosis. “Corallum monopodial, unbranched, pinnulate; pinnules bilateral and alternately arranged, and decreasing in length from the lower part of pinnulated stalk to upper part. Lower unpinnulated part of stem relatively short, 6–9 cm long. Maximum size of corallum usually less than 30 cm. Stem curved in abpolypar direction such that the pinnulated section is directed almost horizontally relative to substrate. Pinnules recurved downward, toward abpolypar side of colony, so that the pinnulated part of fully developed colonies forms a characteristic “wind sock” with distal ends of pinnules touching the seafloor. Longest pinnules about 10–12 cm in length in colonies 20–30 cm tall. Ten to eleven pinnules (total) per 3 cm; density increasing on distal part of colony. Polypar spines up to 0.06 mm, abpolypar spines 0.03 mm. Polyps 3–4 mm in transverse diameter” ( Molodtsova & Opresko, 2017).

Distribution. Pacific and Indian Ocean ( Molodtsova & Opresko, 2017), South Atlantic, South Georgia Island (fig. 35) (Smithsonian, USNM 99488, identified by D. M. Opresko; available in <http://collections.nmnh.si.edu/ search/iz/>) and Antarctica (Smithsonian, USNM 78800, 78802, 78804, 78806, 78811, identified by D. M. Opresko; available in <http://collections.nmnh.si.edu/search/iz/>); from 2670 m to 5089 m depths ( Molodtsova & Opresko, 2017).

References

Brook, G. (1889) Report on the Antipatharia collected by HMS Challenger during the years 1873 - 1876. Zoology, 32, 1.

Brugler, M. R., Opresko, D. M. & France, S. C. (2013) The evolutionary history of the order Antipatharia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Hexacorallia) as inferred from mitochondrial and nuclear DNA: implications for black coral taxonomy and systematics. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 169 (2), 312 - 361. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / zoj. 12060

Molodtsova, T. N. & Opresko, D. M. (2017) Black corals (Anthozoa: Antipatharia) of the Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone. Marine Biodiversity, 47 (2), 349 - 365. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 12526 - 017 - 0659 - 6

Opresko, D. M. (1974) A study of the classification of the Antipatharia (Coelenterata: Anthozoa), with redescriptions of eleven species. Doctor of Philosophy dissertation, University of Miami, Miami, 149 pp.

Wagner, D. (2011) The biology and ecology of Hawaiian black corals (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Hexacorallia: Antipatharia). Unpublished Ph. D. thesis, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, 167 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / B 978 - 0 - 12 - 394282 - 1.00002 - 8

Wagner, D., Luck, D. G. & Toonen, R. J. (2012) The biology and ecology of black corals (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Hexacorallia: Antipatharia). Advances in marine biology, 63, 67 - 132. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / B 978 - 0 - 12 - 394282 - 1.00002 - 8