Laimosemion anitae, Nielsen & Hoetmer & Vandenkerkhove, 2023

Nielsen, Dalton Tavares Bressane, Hoetmer, Jan Willem & Vandenkerkhove, Eric, 2023, Validation of Anablepsoides katukina Nielsen, Hoetmer & Vandenkerkhove, Anablepsoides falconi Nielsen, Hoetmer & Vandenkerkhove, and Laimosemion anitae Nielsen, Hoetmer & Vandenkerkhove (Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae) from western Amazon basin, Acre state, Brazil, Zootaxa 5323 (2), pp. 298-300 : 299-300

Laimosemion anitae , new species urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:1D204775-4B43-43B1-885C-E4568D31C7FC

Holotype. Brazil, Acre, Mâncio Lima, stream tributary of Igarapé Japiim (itself a tributary of rio Moa ), rio Juruá basin, 7°34’15.5”S, 72°57’31.5”W; Jan Willem Hoetmer & Eric Vandekerkhove, 5 Feb 2018.

Paratypes. All from Brazil, Acre state. ZUEC 17366 , 2 males, 18.8–21.1 mm SL, 4 females, 21.7–22.5 mm SL (1 male c&s), collected with the holotype. ZUEC 17367 , 1 male, 24.3 mm SL, 3 females 21.7–22.5 mm SL; Brazil, Cruzeiro do Sul, Igarapé Preto (trib. rio Moa ), rio Juruá basin, 7°34’53.0”S, 72°45’35.0”W; Jan Willem Hoetmer & Eric Vandekerkhove, 5 Feb 2018 .

Diagnosis. Laimosemion anitae is distinguished from all specie of the subgenus Owiyeye by an unique color pattern in males, namely an overall color of trunk and head orange-brown, sides of body with brown background and four thin light blue stripes extending from the opercular region to the caudal peduncle (vs. sides of body orange, with four to five irregular longitudinal rows of blue dots on flanks in L. leticia , a metallic blue band in L. gili , sides of body light brown, with longitudinal rows of red, dark brown and light blue dots in L. uatuman , sides of body light metallic yellowish green with three horizontal rows of red dots between humeral region and caudal peduncle in L. romeri , sides of body pale purple anteriorly, pale green posteriorly in L. uakti and L. amanapira , sides of body iridescent blue and with five or six continuous red lines in L. mahdiaensis , sides of body pale purplish grey in L. jauaperi , sides of body brownish grey in L. ubim , bluish from midbody to caudal peduncle, grading into greenish-yellow at upper and lower portions of the caudal fin, with a thin orange stripe at the upper and lower border of the caudal fin in L. carolinae , cluster of red spots aligned beginning at the posterior edge of the gill cover and running dorsally along the sides and then covering most of the caudal peduncle in L. foliiscola . Additionally, males of L. anitae can be diagnosed from the species belonging to the subgenus Owiyeye by presenting a short predorsal length (60.0–70.1% SL vs. 70.4–79.1% SL), lower pectoral fin length (8.5–10.5% SL vs. 12.7–21.6% SL), lower head length (17.7–18.6% SL vs. 19.8–27.8% SL), lower number of vertebrae (26 vs. 27-37), higher number of longitudinal series of scales (35 vs. 29–33 in the remaining species of the subgenus Owiyeye except L. amanapira which presents 48–49), 11th vertebra presenting a short and incomplete spine (vs. long and complete spine). Females of Laimosemion anitae differ from the females of the remaining species belonging to the subgenus Owiyeye by presenting a shorter pectoral fin length (13.2–14.1% SL vs. 14.5–21.5% SL), shorter pelvic fin length (5.3–5.4% SL vs. 5.7–15.4% SL), and shorter head length (18.4–19.5 % SL vs. 21.0–27.0 % SL).

Etymology. In honor to Anita Hoetmer, wife of discoverer of the new species, Jan Willer Hoetmer.