Scolytocis Blair, 1928

Lopes-Andrade, Cristiano, 2008, An essay on the tribe Xylographellini (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea: Ciidae), Zootaxa 1832 (1), pp. 1-110 : 12-14

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.1832.1.1
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:45A82AD6-F369-4A74-A280-048BAE6E2DA5
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038E87B5-FFB8-CE7D-FF6A-4C58FE3CFACB
treatment provided by	Felipe
scientific name	Scolytocis Blair, 1928
status

Treatment

Scolytocis Blair, 1928 ( Figs 1–4 View FIGURES 1–4 , 6 View FIGURES 5–8 , 10 View FIGURES 9–12 , 27–135 View FIGURES 27–29 View FIGURES 30–32 View FIGURES 33–35 View FIGURES 36–38 View FIGURES 39–41 View FIGURES 42–44 View FIGURES 45–47 View FIGURES 48–50 View FIGURES 51–53 View FIGURES 54–56 View FIGURES 57–59 View FIGURES 60–62 View FIGURES 63–65 View FIGURES 66–68 View FIGURES 69–71 View FIGURES 72–73 View FIGURES 74–76 View FIGURES 77–79 View FIGURE 80 View FIGURE 81 View FIGURES 82–84 View FIGURES 85–87 View FIGURES 88–90 View FIGURES 91–93 View FIGURES 94–95 View FIGURES 96–97 View FIGURES 98–100 View FIGURE 101 View FIGURES 102–104 View FIGURES 105–107 View FIGURES 108–110 View FIGURES 111–113 View FIGURES 114–116 View FIGURES 117–119 View FIGURES 120–122 View FIGURES 123–125 View FIGURES 126–127 View FIGURES 128–129 View FIGURES 130–133 View FIGURE 134 View FIGURE 135 )

Included species

Scolytocis bouchardi sp. nov.

Scolytocis cariborum sp. nov.

Scolytocis danielssoni sp. nov.

Scolytocis difficillimus sp. nov.

Scolytocis fritzplaumanni sp. nov.

Scolytocis furieriae sp. nov.

Scolytocis howdeni sp. nov.

Scolytocis indecisus sp. nov.

Scolytocis kiskeyensis sp. nov.

Scolytocis lawrencei sp. nov.

Scolytocis malayanus sp. nov.

Scolytocis novaezelandiae sp. nov.

Scolytocis panamensis sp. nov.

Scolytocis paschoali sp. nov.

Scolytocis philippinensis sp. nov.

Scolytocis samoensis Blair, 1928 (type species, by monotypy)

Scolytocis thayerae sp. nov.

Scolytocis werneri sp. nov.

Scolytocis zimmermani sp. nov.

Diagnosis

Scolytocis may be distinguished from the other Ciidae by the combination of the diagnostic characters of Xylographellini , mainly the compact antennal club in which each antennomere bears more than four sensillifers, and the longitudinally fissured prementum with labial palpi inserted at its middle. Scolytocis differs from the other Xylographellini genera by the combination of the following characters: (i) antennal funicle with four antennomeres; (ii) lateral pronotal margins smooth; (iii) prosternal process laminate; (iv) procoxae subconical. Among the Xylographellini , character i is restricted to Scolytocis . Character ii separates Scolytocis from Xylographella . Characters i, iii and iv separate Scolytocis from the other Xylographellini .

Redescription

Measurements in mm (n = 204; including all species, excepting Scol. samoensis Blair ): TL 1.00–2.05; PL 0.32–0.79; PW 0.42–0.89; EL 0.58–1.26; EW 0.42–0.95; GD 0.42–0.89. Body light brown to black, shiny to dull on dorsum, subglabrous, vestiture consisting of minute, inconspicuous fine setae, sometimes with moderately long setae on the ventral surface. Head strongly declined, barely visible from above. Frontoclypeal region simple in both genders. Labium ( Figs 3 View FIGURES 1–4 , 6 View FIGURES 5–8 ) with prementum elongate, subpentagonal, apex subacute, external surface bearing a longitudinal sulcus at midline, with labial palpi inserted at its middle and apical palpomere widely expanded. Antennae inserted in front of eye ( Fig. 1 View FIGURES 1–4 ); fossa deep; funicle always bearing four antennomeres; club compact (with three antennomeres; Figs 2 View FIGURES 1–4 , 63A–65B View FIGURES 63–65 , 94 View FIGURES 94–95 , 126–127 View FIGURES 126–127 ) or with the antennomeres completely fused to each (so that it appears to be one large antennomeres; 65C); apical antennomere of the club bearing at least five sensillifers ( Fig. 2 View FIGURES 1–4 , arrows) formed by a group of short and cylindrical sensilla. Pronotum with anterior edge simple in both sexes, broadly rounded, anterolateral angles obtuse, not produced; anterolateral margins straight or slightly arched inwards; posterolateral angles broadly rounded or angulate; lateral pronotal carinae smooth, not visible for their entire lengths from above; posterior margin sometimes bearing a rugose border along it. Scutellum conspicuous, triangular, glabrous, punctate or not; basal width more than 0.10X the EW. Elytra subquadrate to suboval; apex truncate or acute, convex or slightly concave, sometimes bearing small cuticular globules ( Figs 82–84 View FIGURES 82–84 , small arrows; each globule bearing a small fine seta); posterolateral corners bending dorsally, lateral margins usually not visible from above; suture margined or not, but never deflexed at apex; punctation single, seriate to confuse. Hindwings always fully developed, sometimes extremely membranous; radial cell present and conspicuous; apical area always longer than basal area, without pigmented patches or with one to two pigmented lines/patches (complete or incomplete; distinct or vague). Metaventrite suture (discrimen) absent, or inconspicuously short to long, usually restricted to the basal region ( Fig. 4 View FIGURES 1–4 ). Prosternum very short; concave, biconcave or triconcave; with or without longitudinal carina at midline; prosternal process laminate and slightly curved. All tibiae expanded to middle or to apex, outer margin bearing a row of several spines ( Figs 66–68 View FIGURES 66–68 , 95 View FIGURES 94–95 , 128–129 View FIGURES 128–129 ). Outer face of protibiae setose along the inner margin; inner face of meso and metatibiae with a setose region near the inner margin, restricted to apical third or extending to base. Femorae subglabrous on internal and external surfaces. Each tarsus formed by four tarsomeres. Male without abdominal setose patch or with a very small, inconspicuous setose patch in the midline of the first abdominal ventrite, barely visible even in high magnifications (around 100X) or in slide preparations. Male genitalia. Ninth segment Y-shaped ( Figs 69 View FIGURES 69–71 , 73 View FIGURES 72–73 , 76 View FIGURES 74–76 , 78–79 View FIGURES 77–79 , 96–99 View FIGURES 96–97 View FIGURES 98–100 , 130–132 View FIGURES 130–133 ). Tegmen and median lobe elongate, cylindrical (69–75, 77–79, 96–100, 130–133). Tegmen with sclerotized apex and membranous basal portion; median lobe as long as tegmen or longer, membranous to barely sclerotized. Female terminalia. ( Fig. 10 View FIGURES 9–12 ) Eighth sternite broadly rounded or slightly arched inwards at apex. Spiculum ventrale slightly longer to twice as long as ovipositor. Gonostyli of ovipositor always absent.

Distribution

Scolytocis is found on all the regions where the subtribe Xylographellina occurs, except on Japan. However, it is most diversified in the neotropics, with 12 known species (all these species being described here).

Comments

Six morphological species groups are recognizable, and are arbitrarily named here as follows: (i) the bouchardi group, comprising the species with triconcave prosternum and larger hindwings (in comparison to the species of the lawrencei group), and including Scol. bouchardi sp. nov. and Scol. difficillimus sp. nov.; (ii) the lawrencei group, comprising the small species with tumid prosternum and small hindwings, and including Scol. cariborum sp. nov., Scol. kiskeyensis sp. nov., Scol. lawrencei sp. nov., Scol. malayanus sp. nov. and Scol. samoensis Blair ; (iii) the danielssoni group, comprising the large Central-American species with a conspicuous rugose border along the posterior pronotal margin and a biconcave prosternum bearing a narrow longitudinal carina at midline, including Scol. danielssoni sp. nov., Scol. howdeni sp. nov., Scol. indecisus sp. nov. and Scol. panamensis sp. nov.; (iv) fritzplaumanni group, comprising the species with smooth posterior pronotal border and a biconcave prosternum, and including the Brazilian Scol. fritzplaumanni sp. nov., Scol. furieriae sp. nov., and Scol. paschoali sp. nov.; (v) the werneri group, comprising the species with a concave prosternum and a rugose border along the posterior pronotal margin, including Scol. novaezelandiae sp. nov. and Scol. werneri sp. nov.; (vi) the zimmermani group, comprising the species with each metatibia expanded to the middle, with its outer margin broadly rounded and bearing several spines very close to each other at the apical half, and including Scol. philippinensis sp. nov., Scol. thayerae sp. nov. Scol. zimmermani sp. nov. The species-groups are just taxonomic tools, and they cannot be considered a priori to be monophyletic taxa ( Lopes-Andrade et al. 2003a).