Syngnathinae Bonaparte 1831

Laan, Richard Van Der, Eschmeyer, William N. & Fricke, Ronald, 2014, Family-group names of Recent fishes, Zootaxa 3882 (2), pp. 1-230 : 81-82

Subfamily Syngnathinae Bonaparte 1831

Signatidi Rafinesque 1810b:36 [ref. 3595] (ordine) Syngnathus [published not in latinized form before 1900; not available, Article 11.7.2]

Aphyostomia Rafinesque 1815:90 [ref. 3584] (family)? Syngnathus [no stem of the type genus, not available, Article 11.7.1.1]

Lophobranchi Jarocki 1822:326, 328 [ref. 4984] (family)? Syngnathus [no stem of the type genus, not available, Article 11.7.1.1]

Syngnathidae Bonaparte 1831:163 , 185 [ref. 4978] (family) Syngnathus

Scyphini Nardo 1843:244 [ref. 31940] (subfamily) Scyphius [correct stem is Scyphi- Sheiko 2013:75 [ref. 32944]]

Siphostomini Bonaparte 1846:9, 89 [ref. 519] (subfamily) Siphostoma [correct stem is Siphostomat-; subfamily name sometimes seen as Siphonostominae based on Siphonostoma , but that name preoccupied in Copepoda]

Doryrhamphinae Kaup 1853:233 [ref. 2569] (subfamily) Doryrhamphus Kaup 1856 [no valid type genus, not available, Article 11.7.1.1]

Nerophinae Kaup 1853:234 [ref. 2569] (subfamily) Nerophis

Doryrhamphinae Kaup 1856c:54 [ref. 2575] (subfamily) Doryrhamphus

Solegnathinae Gill 1859b:149 [ref. 1762] (subfamily) Solegnathus [ Duncker 1912:231 [ref. 1156] used Solenognathina (subfamily) based on Solenognathus ]

Gastrotokeinae Gill 1896c:158 [ref. 1743] (subfamily) Gasterotokeus [as Gastrotokeus , name must be corrected Article 32.5.3; ever corrected?]

Gastrophori Duncker 1912:220, 227 [ref. 1156] (group) [no stem of the type genus, not available, Article 11.7.1.1]

Urophori Duncker 1912:220, 231 [ref. 1156] (group) [no stem of the type genus, not available, Article 11.7.1.1]

Doryichthyina Duncker 1912:220, 229 [ref. 1156] (subfamily) Doryichthys

Sygnathoidinae [Syngnathoidinae] Fowler 1928:110 [ref. 5596] (subfamily) Syngnathoides [corrected to Syngnathoidinae by Fowler 1951b:3 [ref.31928], confirmed by Whitley & Allan 1958:51 [ref. 21838] and by Lindberg 1971:108 [ref. 27211]]

Phyllopteryginae Fowler 1951b:3 [ref.31928] (subfamily) Phyllopteryx [genus inferred from the stem, Article 11.7.1.1; name only, but used as valid by Whitley & Allan 1958:61 [ref. 21838] Article 13.2.1]

Acentronurinae Whitley & Allan 1958:50 [ref. 21838] (subfamily) Acentronura

Leptoichthyinae Whitley & Allan 1958:58 [ref. 21838] (subfamily) Leptoichthys

Haliichthyinae Whitley & Allan 1958:61 [ref. 21838] (subfamily) Haliichthys [genus inferred from the stem, Article 11.7.1.1]