Paragryllodes amani Desutter-Grandcolas

Desutter-Grandcolas, Laure, 2015, Phalangopsidae crickets from Tropical Africa (Orthoptera, Grylloidea), with descriptions of new taxa and an identification key for African genera, Zootaxa 3948 (3), pp. 451-496 : 489-493

Paragryllodes amani Desutter-Grandcolas , n. sp.

( Figs 15–17 )

Type locality. Tanzania, Eastern Usambara mountains, Amani .

Type material. Holotype. Tanzania, Eastern Usambara mountains, Amani, 1000m , forêt sempervirente, 21.v.1995, 1 male, nuit, fn32, sur tronc fendu (L. Desutter-Grandcolas), MNHN-EO-ENSIF3724. Paratypes, 2 M. Same locality and collector as the holotype, 21.v.1995, 1 male, nuit, fn33, sur liane, MNHN-EO-ENSIF3725, 1 male, nuit, fn 41, sur plante, MNHN-EO-ENSIF3597

Other examined material. Same locality and collector as the holotype: 19.v.1995, 1 male, jour, fn2, litière; 21.v.1995, 1 female, nuit, fn35, sur tronc; 22.v.1995, 2 females, nuit, fn22(1, 2), sur chandelle creuse (L. Desutter- Grandcolas), MNHN. F 1 specimens from the same locality as the holotype: 2 males, 2 females, MNHN.

Tanzania, Kimbosa, 500 m N Ruvu, 26 km SE Morogoro, 300m, forêt sempervirente, Mts Uluguru, 30.iv.1995, 1 male, 1 female, nuit, fn21, 22, dans souche; 10.v.1995, 1 male, nuit, fn4, au sol sous débris de palmes, 1 male, fn8, sous branche (L. Desutter-Grandcolas), MNHN.

Etymology. Species named after type locality.

Diagnosis. Within the genus, species characterized by its male genitalia (ectophallic dorsal valves strongly arcuate in lateral view, Figs 16 E–F, 17), close to those of Paragryllodes kenyanus Kaltenbach, 1982 (compare Fig. 17 with Kaltenbach 1982, Figs 7 , 8 ). It differs from that species by details in male genitalia (ectophallic dorsal valves almost at 180°, pseudepiphallic sclerite more densely covered with strong setae), its smaller size, its shiny appearance and its very contrasted coloration, with yellowish legs and much darker body ( Fig. 15 A, B). Description.

Size small. Body shining.

Head small and vertical. Fastigium very narrow, lower from the vertex from which it is separated by a transverse furrow; three wide ocelli, the lateral ones very close to each other; median ocelli well apart and in an apical position. Eyes prominent, pyriform. Maxillary palpi ( Fig. 16 A) not elongate; joint 3 shorter than joint 5; Joint 4 of maxillary palpi hardly shorter than joint 3 ( Fig. 16 A); joint 5 little, but regularly widened toward apex, truncate. Scapes longer than wide, much wider than fastigium. Antennae very long. Pronotum transverse; DD margins both concave; LL rectangular, anterior angles raised dorsally. Legs relatively short. TI with an inner tympanum only, oval, obliterate; no outer tympanum; two apical spurs. TII with three apical spurs, dorsal outer spur missing. FIII short, without a filiform apical part ( Fig. 15 A). TIII with four pairs of short subapical spurs, alternate ( Fig. 15 D); serrulate above and between subapical spurs with two rows of thick spines; three pairs of apical spurs, all short: median spur the longest on outer side, both dorsal and median spurs long on inner side, the dorsal spur a little longer than the median spur. TIII serrulation lacking between first subapical spurs and apical spurs, and between subapical spurs 1 and 2; outer serrulation: one spine in males and one to two spines (mean 1.2) in females between spurs 2 and 3, two spines in males and females between spurs 3 and 4, 10 to 12 spines (mean 11.2) in males and 9–14 spines (mean 11.2) in females; inner serrulation: no spine between spurs 2 and 3 in males, one spine in males and zero to one spine (mean 0.8) in females between spurs 3 and 4, seven to nine spines (mean 7.8) in males and seven to 10 spines (mean 8.5) in females above spurs. Basitarsomeres III: no inner spine in addition to apical one; outer spines: three to four spines (mean 3.2) in males and two to four (mean 2.8) in females. Cerci very long ( Fig. 15 A, B).

Coloration. Fig. 15 . Uniform, with black brown head and pronotum, dark brown abdomen, with very few lighter spots, and yellowish brown legs inconspicuously annulated. Head and pronotum with very few, large, setae; abdomen setose. Head with a wide longitudinal yellow line, from median ocellus to labrum tip. Palpi light brown, distal part of joint 5 yellowish. Antennae light brown, lighter basally, darker distally. Distal margin of pronotum DD widely bordered with yellow. Legs I and II light yellowish brown, the femora darker distally with a yellow subdistal ring; TI, TII as femora distal part, with two yellow spots on distal half. FIII yellowish brown, with yellow spots on dorsal side; outer side basally yellowish. TIII light brown, the ventral side lighter; TIII subapical spurs light brown with dark apex, apical purs yellowish. Basitarsomeres 1 and 2 brown with an ivory basal spot; basitarsomeres III yellowish, somewhat darker distally.

Male. Metanotum with a wide median area covered with small setae ( Fig. 15 G). FWs short, not reaching tergite 3 distal margin, thick, shining ( Fig. 15 A, E). Venation ( Fig. 16 B): stridulatory file deeply set and strongly marked, with 275–294 teeth (mean 284.5, n=2); harp wide, with several oblique parallel veins, partly reticulate; mirror located in FW distal third, partly reticulate; chord area partly smooth, and partly reticulate. FW coloration contrasted: dorsal field yellowish brown, with a yellow spot in basal outer angle ( Fig. 15 A, E); lateral field black brown. Lateral field short, obliquely truncate toward apex, with four longitudinal parallel veins. Supra anal plate with some long thin setae, but several punctuated areas without setae ( Fig. 15 H). Subgenital plate short and low; apex bisinuate, not furrowed distally ( Figs 15 I, 16C, D).

Male genitalia. Fig. 17 . Ectophallic dorsal valves strongly arcuate, nearly at 180°; close to pseudepiphallic parameres in lateral view. Pseudepiphallic sclerite very densely covered with very strong setae.

Female. FWs as long or longer than in males, partly covering each other ( Fig. 15 B, F). Dorsal field venation faint, with few, convex longitudinal veins, separate by concave areas; lateral field with four to five stronger longitudinal parallel veins. Subgenital plate wider than long; distal margin bisinuate ( Figs 15 K, 16K). Ovipositor shorter than FIII and TIII; flattened laterally, the apex only slighty widened and smooth ( Fig. 15 L).

Female genitalia. Copulatory papilla very long and narrow, slightly convex ( Fig. 16 O).

Figures

FIGURE 7. Kameruloria Gorochov, 2003. Female subgenital plate, ventral view (A – B) and copulatory papilla (C – G) in dorsal (E), ventral (D, F) and lateral (C, G) views of: Kameruloria nigricornis Desutter-Grandcolas, n. sp. (A, C, D) and Kameruloria trimaculata Desutter-Grandcolas, n. sp. (B, E – G). Scale bars 1 mm. Abbreviations: see page **.

FIGURE 8. Phasmagryllus elegans Desutter-Grandcolas, n. sp., male holotype. A, dorsal view, scale 1 mm; B, head and pronotum, dorsal view; C, face and maxillary palpi; D, hindtibia, dorsal view; E, right forewing, dorsal view; F, metanotum and tergite structures, dorsal view; G, subgenital plate, ventral view; H, subgenital plate and right forewing, lateral view; I, supra anal plate, dorsal view. Arrows point to the left pseudepiphallic distal process, which is extremely long.

FIGURE 15. Paragryllodes amani Desutter-Grandcolas, n. sp., male holotype (A, C – E, H, I), female allotype (B, F, K, L) and male paratype MNHN-EO-ENSIF 3597 (G): habitus in dorsal view (A, B); face coloration (C); hindtibia in dorsal view (D); forewings in dorsal view (E, F); male metanotum (G); supra anal (H) and subgenital (I, K) plates; ovipositor apex in lateral view (L). Scales for habitus 1 mm.

FIGURE 16. Paragryllodes amani Desutter-Grandcolas, n. sp. A, maxillary palpus; B, male FW venation; C, D, male subgenital plate, in ventral (C) and lateral (D) view; E – J, male genitalia, right paramere and dorsal valve, in dorsal (E, G, I) and lateral (F, H, J) views, in Paragryllodes amani Desutter-Grandcolas, n. sp. paratype MNHN-EO- 3725 (E, F), and in males from Tanghanika (G, H, material ZMC) and from Ruvu (I, J, material MNHN); K – N, female subgenital plate, ventral view, in Paragryllodes amani Desutter-Grandcolas, n. sp. (K – M) and in a female from Tanghanika (N, Material ZMC); O – S, female copulatory papilla, dorsal, ventral and lateral views, in Paragryllodes amani Desutter-Grandcolas, n. sp. (O – R) and in a female from Tanghanika (S, Material ZMC). Scales 1 mm.

FIGURE 17. Paragryllodes amani Desutter-Grandcolas, n. sp., male genitalia in dorsal (A), ventral (B) and lateral (C) views. Abbreviations see page 3.