Lindholmiola gyria ( ROTH, 1839 )

Subai, Peter & Neubert, Eike, 2014, Revision of the genus Lindholmiola HESSE, 1931 (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Helicodontidae), Contributions to Natural History 23, pp. 1-94 : 64-67

Lindholmiola gyria ( ROTH, 1839)

Figs 33–34 , 35 , 44

1839 Helix gyria ROTH , Molluscorum species, quas in itinere per Orientem facto comites clariss. Schubert doctores M. Erdl et J. R. Roth collegerunt: 16, Taf. 1 Fig. 17–18 .

1846 Helix gyria , – L. Pfeiffer, in: Martini & Chemnitz: Systematisches Conchylien-Cabinet, 1. 12 (II): 283, Taf. 124 Fig. 31–33 .

1848 Helix gyria , – L. Pfeiffer, Monographia heliceorum viventium, 1: 414.

1853 Helix gyria , – L. Pfeiffer, Monographia heliceorum viventium, 3: 261.

1868 Helix gyria , – L. Pfeiffer, Monographia heliceorum viventium, 4: 312.

1859 Helix gyria , – Mousson, Vierteljahrsschrift der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Zürich, 4: 259.

1868 Helix gyria , – L. Pfeiffer, Monographia heliceorum viventium, 5: 415.

1876 Helix gyria , – L. Pfeiffer, Monographia heliceorum viventium, 7: 466.

1887 Helix gyria , – Tryon, Manual of Conchology, 3: 177.

1889 Helix (Caracolina) gyria , – Westerlund, Fauna, 2: 20.

1894 Helix (Caracollina) gyria , – Pilsbry, in Tryon, Manual of Conchology, 9: 228.

1898 Helix (Gonostoma) gyria , – Kobelt, in Rossmässler, E. A.: Iconographie der Land- & Süsswasser-Mollusken mit vorzüglicher Berücksichtigung der europäischen noch nicht abgebildeten Arten, (2) 8 (1/4): 53, Taf. 226 Fig. 1447.

1918 Caracollina gyria , – Hesse, Nachrichtsblatt der Deutschen Malakozoologischen Gesellschaft, 50: 109.

1991 Helicodonta gyria gyria , – Maassen, Basteria 55: 123, Fig. 1–3 .

Diagnosis: shell strongly depressed, protoconch and first teleoconch whorls slightly immersed, whorls densely coiled, extremely long bursa copulatrix.

Description of shell: shell strongly depressed, protoconch and first teleoconch whorls slightly immersed, basic shell colour brown; initial part of protoconch whorls smooth, followed by 1–1¼ whorls with a pattern of a few fine radial stripes; the following teleoconch whorls with increasingly stronger radial stripes, but almost lacking on the last whorls; surface of the last whorl covered by a fine granulation; sometimes with hairs, hair warts can be found in the granulated surface sculpture; 6¼–7¼, densely coiled and well rounded whorls, last whorl slightly descending before the aperture; suture deep; umbilicus broad, almost cylindrical, reaching a diameter of 2.8–3.3 mm; aperture oblique, slightly bent in lateral view, and strongly ear-like in frontal view; apertural insertion with a distance of 4.2–5.3 mm, connected by a very thin, almost indiscernible callus; peristomial rim ± sharp, laterally with a strong swelling, basally reinforced with a small umbilical shield.

Measurements: H: 5.3–6.4; D: 12.3–15; aH: 4.4–5.5 (5.6–6.6); aW: 5.8–6.9.

Details of body (after one specimen from Phaselis): head and dorsum dark grey, flanks and tail light grey; sole cream with a greyish rim; mantle collar translucent with grey spots of pigment; secondary ureter opens 1.5 mm apart from the respiratory pore.

Morphology of the genital organs ( Fig. 44 ): penis relatively long, slightly enlarged in its central part, penial glandular tissue covering ca 1/4 of the total penis length, penial lumen filled by a single, broad and serrated pilaster, starting at the distal penial wall and stretching to the narrow penial pore, where it recurves and ends centrally in the penis, remaining penial lumen with short perpendicular folds; vagina relatively long, filled with a long, narrow pilaster connecting to one of the atrial pilasters, glandula with a short stalk and a strongly folded part, bursa copulatrix three times the length of the glandula, bursa copulatrix narrow, same length as glandula, pedunculus reaching ca 40% of the total length of the bursa copulatrix, vesicle of bursa copulatrix elongate, double the diameter of the pedunculus; atrial lumen with several broad and short interdigitating pilasters.

Differential diagnosis: The shell of L. gyria with its broad last whorl and the slightly concave spire resembles that of Helicodonta obvoluta , and thus cannot be confused with any of the other species of the genus Lindholmiola . The extremely long bursa copulatrix differentiates it from all its congeners.

Type specimens: Turkey, Antalya County, Kekova Island , " Cacamo Cariae ", 36.17°N 29.87°E, syntype gyria : ZSM 1781 .

Additional specimens examined:

Turkey, Antalya County, Kekova Island (= Cacamo Cariae , 20 km E of Kaş), UTM QA 50 /60, 36.17°N 29.87°E, ( Roth, 1839: 16, Maassen , 1991: 124) ; rocks NW of lake near Beymelek (= 9 km as the crow flies WSW of Finike ), UTM TF 31 , 36 .2726°N 30.0456°E, leg. Welter-Schultes 27.9.1998, coll. Welter-Schultes /1 ; Karamanbeyli pass near Finike (= Phinika Pass), UTM TF 43 , 36 .54°N 29.98°E, SMF 284853 /1 ; forest in gorge of Kemer creek (= W of Kemer), UTM TF 75 , 36 .5943°N 30.5049°E, (Maassen, 1991: 124) ; Phaselis, ruins near Tekirova (= 10 km S of Kemer), UTM TF 84 , 36 .4704°N 30.5131°E, (Maassen, 1991: 124) ; leg. Subai 26.2.1999, S 16083 /17 + 7 (juv.) + 1 (alk.).

Remarks: This species is probably endangered, because even empty shells are very rare. In February 1999, it took several hours until the only hitherto known living specimen could be found close to Phaselis. The anatomical investigation revealed that it belongs to Lindholmiola and not to Helicodonta . In 1991 (p. 124, Fig. 4–6 ), Maassen described Helicodonta gyria wilhelminae from Crete, which is considered an endemic Helicodonta species.

Distribution ( Fig 35 ): This species is only known from a small coastal stripe in the south-western part of the vilayet Antalya. The distribution range covers the Island Kekova (= E of Kaş) and the surroundings of Kemer to Phaselis.

Figures

Figs 33–34. Lindholmiola gyria. Fig. 33: syntype Helix gyria, ZSM 1781, Turkey, "Cacamo Cariae", D = 14.9 mm; Fig. 34: NMBE 515613, Turkey, Vilayet Antalya, Phaselis, ruins close to Tekirova, D = 13.68 mm. — All photos Neubert/Bochud, × 3.

Fig. 35. Distribution of Lindholmiola gyria.

Figs 44–46. Genital organs of Lindholmiola species. Fig. 44: Lindholmiola gyria, a: situs, b: lumina of genital organs, Turkey, Vilayet Antalya, Phaselis; Fig. 45: Lindholmiola barbata, a: situs, b: lumina of genital organs, Greece, Island Kríti, Nomos Haniá, Soúda Bay; Fig. 46: Lindholmiola regisborisi, a: situs, b: lumina of genital organs, Greece, Makedonía, 400 m S of Kehrókambos.

Figs 16–18. Lindholmiola barbata. Fig. 16: NMBE 515636, Island Kríti, Nomos Iráklio, valley E from the airport Iráklio (small rounded form), D = 9.66 mm; Fig. 17: NMBE 515635, Island Kríti, Nomos Haniá, canyon ca. 4 Km N of Thériso (large flat form), D = 13.78 mm; Fig. 18: NMBE 515581, Rethimnon, Zousidi, 09.04.1993, leg. N. Chalwatzis, D = 12.49 mm. — All photos Neubert/Bochud, × 3.

Figs 30–32. Lindholmiola girva. Fig. 30: syntype Helix girva SMF 7047, "Albanien", D = 9.22 mm; Fig. 31: NMBE 515656, Greece, Makedonía, N boundary of Taxiárhis (small rounded form), D = 8.66 mm; Fig. 32: NMBE 515655, Greece, Makedonía, 400 m S of Kehrókambos (broad form, wide umbilicus), D = 9.75 mm. — All photos Neubert/Bochud, × 3.

Figs. 1–2. Genital organs of Helicodontidae. Fig. 1: Lindholmiola barbata; Greece, Kríti, Nomos Haniá, Bay of Soúda, 100–150 m from the mouth of the river S of the English cemetery. Fig. 2: Helicodonta obvoluta (O. F. MüLLER, 1774); Belgium, valley of the Meuse, 500 m from Annevoie in direction to Dinant, 2a) situs of genital organs, 2b) interior structure of penis. — Abbreviations used for the description of the genital organs: A = atrium, Al = albumen gland, E = Epiphallus, G = distal glandular part of epiphallus, Gl = Glandula, Hd = hermaphroditic duct, Hg = hermaphroditic gland, P = Penis, R = retractor muscle, Sp = Spermoviduct, V = vesicle, Vag = Vagina, Vd = Vas deferens.

Figs 3–6. Lindholmiola lens. Fig. 3: syntype Helix lentiformis, ZMZ 508656, "Thessalie et Attique", D = 11.2 mm; Fig. 4: NMBE 515542, Attika, Methana, 500 m before village, 12.07.1996, leg. E. Neubert, D = 12.77 mm; Fig. 5: syntype Helix lens var. callojuncta, NHMG 372, D = 12.0 mm; Fig. 6: syntype Helix lens var. elia, SMF 101961, Kumani, Elis, coll. Jetschin ex Boettger, 1883, D = 11.94 mm. — All photos Neubert/Bochud, × 3.