Ligilactobacillus, Zheng & Wittouck & Salvetti & Franz & Harris & Mattarelli & O’Toole & Pot & Vandamme & Walter & Watanabe & Wuyts & Felis & Gänzle & Lebeer, 2020

Zheng, Jinshui, Wittouck, Stijn, Salvetti, Elisa, Franz, Charles M. A. P., Harris, Hugh M. B., Mattarelli, Paola, O’Toole, Paul W., Pot, Bruno, Vandamme, Peter, Walter, Jens, Watanabe, Koichi, Wuyts, Sander, Felis, Giovanna E., Gänzle, Michael G. & Lebeer, Sarah, 2020, A taxonomic note on the genus Lactobacillus: Description of 23 novel genera, emended description of the genus Lactobacillus Beijerinck 1901, and union of Lactobacillaceae and Leuconostocaceae, International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 70 (4), pp. 2782-2858 : 2821

DESCRIPTION OF LIGILACTOBACILLUS GEN. NOV.

Ligilactobacillus (Li.gi.lac.to.ba.cil'lus. L. v. ligare to tie, unite; N.L. masc. n. Lactobacillus a bacterial genus name; N.L. masc. n. Ligilactobacillus a lactobacillus with a host-associated life style).

Species of Ligilactobacillus are homofermentative, their mol% G+C content is between 32.5 and 43.3. Several Ligilactobacillus species include strains that are motile. Most Ligilactobacillus species have been isolated from animals and humans and are adapted to vertebrate hosts. Several strains of Ligilactobacillus express urease, this enzyme is the most powerful bacterial tool to withstand gastric acidity; in lactobacilli, urease activity is associated with a vertebrate host-adapted lifestyle [ 210, 211]. Several Ligilactobacillus species also commonly occur in fermented foods and are used commercially as starter cultures or probiotic cultures.

A phylogenetic tree on the basis of 16S rRNA genes of all species in the genus Ligilactobacillus is provided in Figure S6J .

The type species is Ligilactobacillus salivarius comb. nov.; Ligilactobacillus was previously referred to as L. salivarius group.

Figures

Fig. 6. Gene family presence/absence patterns in Lactobacillaceae and Leuconostocaceae. Each column represents a gene family presence/absence pattern in species of Lactobacillaceae and Leuconostoaceae, where presence is indicated with a dot. The absolute number of gene families that conform to each pattern is visualized in the marginal bar plot at the top. Separations between phylogroups are indicated with horizontal black lines. We defined genes that were present in all genomes of a clade and in none of the genomes outside of that clade as ‘signature genes’ (dark blue); other genes are shown in light blue. Only presence/absence patterns followed by four or more gene families are shown. Patterns of presence in a single species or all species are not shown. Unassigned species are clusters of closely related genomes which could not be assigned to a known species due to low whole-genome similarity to a type strain and/or low 16S rRNA similarity to a type strain.