Lactiplantibacillus, Zheng & Wittouck & Salvetti & Franz & Harris & Mattarelli & O’Toole & Pot & Vandamme & Walter & Watanabe & Wuyts & Felis & Gänzle & Lebeer, 2020

Zheng, Jinshui, Wittouck, Stijn, Salvetti, Elisa, Franz, Charles M. A. P., Harris, Hugh M. B., Mattarelli, Paola, O’Toole, Paul W., Pot, Bruno, Vandamme, Peter, Walter, Jens, Watanabe, Koichi, Wuyts, Sander, Felis, Giovanna E., Gänzle, Michael G. & Lebeer, Sarah, 2020, A taxonomic note on the genus Lactobacillus: Description of 23 novel genera, emended description of the genus Lactobacillus Beijerinck 1901, and union of Lactobacillaceae and Leuconostocaceae, International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 70 (4), pp. 2782-2858 : 2824-2825

DESCRIPTION OF LACTIPLANTIBACILLUS GEN. NOV.

Lactiplantibacillus (Lac.ti.plan.ti.ba.cil'lus. L. neut. n. lactis milk; L. fem. n. planta plant, referring to the plantarum -group lactobacilli; L. masc. n. bacillus a rod; N.L. masc. n. Lactiplantibacillus a milk derived rodlet from the (Lactobacillus) plantarum group.

Lactiplantibacillus species are Gram-positive, non-sporeforming, homofermentative and non-motile rods. Lactiplantibacillus species ferment a wide range of carbohydrates; most species metabolise phenolic acids by esterase, decarboxylase and reductase activities. Lactiplantibacillus plantarum is atypical for its pseudocatalase activity and reduction of nitrate. For discrimination between the two subspecies of L. plantarum , sequencing of the recA and cpn60 genes or AFLP profiling is necessary [ 228, 229]. The mol % G+C content of DNA ranges between 42.9 and 48.7.

Lactiplantibacillus species are isolated from many different fermented foods including fermented vegetables, meats, dairy products, and fermented cereals [ 58, 59], but they are also found in insect-associated habitats or as temporary residents of vertebrate intestinal microbiota and are characterized by a nomadic behaviour [ 230]. L. plantarum has been widely used as a model species for metabolic, ecological, and genetic studies in lactobacilli. L. plantarum is of commercial importance as starter culture for multiple food fermentations, and is applied as probiotic culture.

A phylogenetic tree on the basis of 16S rRNA genes of all species in the genus Lactiplantibacillus is provided in Figure S6K .

The type species is Lactiplantibacillus plantarum comb. nov.; Lactiplantibacillus was previously referred to as L. plantarum group.

Figures

Fig. 6. Gene family presence/absence patterns in Lactobacillaceae and Leuconostocaceae. Each column represents a gene family presence/absence pattern in species of Lactobacillaceae and Leuconostoaceae, where presence is indicated with a dot. The absolute number of gene families that conform to each pattern is visualized in the marginal bar plot at the top. Separations between phylogroups are indicated with horizontal black lines. We defined genes that were present in all genomes of a clade and in none of the genomes outside of that clade as ‘signature genes’ (dark blue); other genes are shown in light blue. Only presence/absence patterns followed by four or more gene families are shown. Patterns of presence in a single species or all species are not shown. Unassigned species are clusters of closely related genomes which could not be assigned to a known species due to low whole-genome similarity to a type strain and/or low 16S rRNA similarity to a type strain.