Geophagus sveni Lucinda, Lucena, Assis, 2010

Ota, Renata Rúbia, Deprá, Gabriel de Carvalho, Graça, Weferson Júnio da & Pavanelli, Carla Simone, 2018, Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated, Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2), pp. 1-111 : 96-97

Geophagus sveni Lucinda, Lucena, Assis, 2010

Fig. 35

Body deep; greatest depth contained 2.1 to 2.5 times in SL; head length 3.0 to 3.3 in SL; snout length 1.5 to 2.4, horizontal orbital diameter 3.2 to 4.7 and least interorbital width 2.7 to 3.5 in HL. Mouth terminal; premaxilla and dentary with 2-4 teeth rows. Upper lateral line with 20-24 pored scales, lower lateral line with 17-19 pored scales, and longitudinal series with 32-34 scales. Transversal series above upper lateral line with 4 scale rows and below lower lateral line with 5 scale rows. Dorsal fin with XVI- XVIII,10-13 rays, pectoral fin with 15-16, pelvic fin with I,5 and anal fin with III,7-8 rays. Ground color greenish or silvery; iridescent marks on lachrymal, preopercle and opercle; five inconspicuous dark-brown transverse bars on flank and caudal peduncle; black rounded blotch on flank; six to 12 longitudinal series of orange spots on flank. Caudal fin reddish with four to seven iridescent blue stripes, occasionally broken into spots. Dorsal and anal fins with iridescent blue spots, sometimes forming horizontal stripes.

Maximum standard length. 200.0 mm.

Biological data. Feeds on sediment, decomposing organic matter, allochthonous plant fragments, mollusks, crustaceans, cladocerans, copepods and insects. Nests in the substrate, presents external fertilization and displays parental care. Both sexes may care for eggs and juveniles, and males usually defend the territory, while the female cares for the brood ( Moretto et al., 2008; Gois et al., 2015).

Distribution. Rio Tocantins-Araguaia basin.

Remarks. Geophagus sveni was identified as G. cf. proximus by Graça, Pavanelli (2007). Lucinda et al. (2010) described the new species from the rio Tocantins basin and distinguished it from G. proximus by not presenting a dark-grey preopercular mark. Geophaus sveni can also be distinguished by presenting four or five transverse parallel white stripes on the caudal fin, which can be broken into several spots (vs. parallel white stripes complete and horizontally directed on the caudal fin, in G. proximus ) ( Lucinda et al., 2010). A manuscript on the geographic distribution of G. sveni , with a genetic comparison between specimens from the rio Tocantins and from the upper rio Paraná floodplain and an analysis of the ontogenetic development of color patterns in this species is being prepared by GCD. Geophagus sveni is a non-native species from the upper rio Paraná basin, and its occurrence can be associated with the aquarium trade.

Figures

Fig. 35. a. Geophagus brasiliensis, 148.0 mm SL, fresh specimen, uncat. b. Geophagus sveni, NUP 18698, 115.0 mm SL, rio Ivinheima, Naviraí, State of Mato Grosso do Sul. c. Gymnogeophagus setequedas, 81.3 mm SL, fresh specimen, uncat. d. Laetacara araguaiae, NUP 11315, 43.5 mm SL, upper rio Sucuriú, Paraíso, State of Mato Grosso do Sul. e. Oreochromis niloticus, NUP 1132, 185.0 mm SL, Corumbá Reservoir, Caldas Novas, State of Goiás. d. Satanoperca sp., 150.0 mm SL, fresh specimen, uncat.