Spiniphilus xiaodongi, Bi, Wenxuan & Lin, Meiying, 2015

Bi, Wenxuan & Lin, Meiying, 2015, Discovery of second new species of the genus Spiniphilus Lin & Bi, and female of Heterophilus scabricollis Pu with its biological notes (Coleoptera: Vesperidae: Philinae: Philini), Zootaxa 3949 (4), pp. 575-583 : 576-577

Spiniphilus xiaodongi sp. nov.

( Figs. 2 & 4–7 )

Description (Male). Length (from clypeus to elytral apex): 18.5–25.0 mm, humeral width: 4.0–6.0 mm. Body uniformly reddish testaceous, covered with short tawny pubescence.

Head (including the protruding eyes) as wide or wider than prothorax, covered with moderately long pubescence. Eyes protuberant, protruding beyond the temples; upper eyelobes ( Fig. 2 a) closer to each other than lower eyelobes ( Fig. 2 b). Antennae 11-segmented, pectinate, slightly longer than body, with only half to the whole of last antennomere surpassing elytral apex; antennomeres III–X hardly flattened and bearing a long process (lateroapical spine, sensu Lin & Bi, 2011); scape stout, without a carina, last antennomere flat and long; antennomeres III–X subequal in length, processes gradually extended apically in antennomeres III–VII, subequal in VII–IX and reduced in X; relative lengths of segments from base to apex (with length of process when present) 10: 3: 18(9): 20(15): 19(21): 20(25): 19(30): 20(31): 22(31): 22(25): 50. Relative length of antennomere VII variable, usually slightly longer than VI while slightly shorter than VIII, but sometimes slightly shorter than VI or longer than VIII.

Prothorax weakly tapering anteriorly, very finely punctured, with a weak lateral marginal carina extended anteriorly from base, approaching but not reaching procoxal cavity, and then curving back to apical margin. Elytra densely punctured, much broader than prothorax, nearly three times as long as humeral width; gradually tapering apically; each elytron with two or three longitudinal carinae, medial carina begins near base while the lateral 2 carinae begin more posteriorly, all carinae fail to reach narrowly rounded elytral apex. Procoxal cavities widely open posteriorly, intercoxal process broad, expanded (bearing secondary procoxal articulation), deeply impressed medially and then abruptly truncate with a bifurcate apex.

Abdomen with ventrite V (sternite VII) wider than length with rounded apex.

Legs moderately flattened, with dense pubescence; hind femur reaching apex of second abdominal ventrite; pro- and mesotibiae with short, blunt teeth (shorter than surrounding pubescence) on outer side; first hind tarsal segment shorter than following two segments combined; apical margin of second tarsomere shallowly emarginate (to 1/10 to 1/5), third tarsomere deeply cleft to 1/2 of the length; claws simple, plurisetose empodium present.

Male terminalia with tegmen ( Figs. 5 a–c) about 2.2 mm in length with a dorsally membranous short roof; lateral lobes ( Fig. 5 c) slender, less than 1/4 of tegmen length, tapering apically, setae on basal area shorter than that on apical part, of which longest setae is subequal to lateral lobe in length; ringed part converging basally. Median lobe plus median struts ( Figs. 6 a–c) slightly curved in apical half, longer than tegmen; median struts about 5/7 of the whole length of median lobe; dorsal plate shorter than ventral plate; apex of ventral plate ( Fig. 6 c) rounded; median foramen not elongated; internal sac without armature, delimited from unpaired ejaculatory duct only by constriction. Tergite VIII ( Fig. 7 ) trapeziform with rounded or truncated apex.

Diagnosis. Spiniphilus xiaodongi sp. nov. can be easily separated from S. spinicornis by a combination of characters summarized in Table 1 .

Etymology. The species is named after Mr. Xiao-Dong Yang, who collected the first specimen of the type series and many other important longhorn beetles.

Remarks. All the type specimens were collected at light traps setup in low altitude areas (alt. 300–570 m) and allopatric with S. spinicornis , which has only been collected at altitudes greater than 1000 m above sea level.

Distribution. China: Yunnan.

Material examined. Holotype (20.0 mm long), male, Yunnan, Yingjiang, Nabang, alt. 300 m, 2013. V.11, leg. Wen-Xuan Bi ( IZAS, IOZ (E) 1905298). Paratypes: 1 male, same locality as holotype, 2013. V.9, leg. Xiao-Dong Yang ( IZAS, IOZ (E) 1905299); 3 males, same data as holotype, ( CBWX); 1 male, same data as holotype, 2013. V.18 ( CBWX); 1 male, same data as holotype, 2013. V.23 ( CBWX); 2 males, Yunnan, Yingjiang, Nabang, Rongshuwang, alt. 508 m, 2013. V.19, leg. Xiao-Dong Yang ( CCCC); 1 male, same data but alt. 570 m, 2011. IV.30 ( CCCC).

Figures

FIGURES 1 – 2. Dorsal and ventral habitus of Spiniphilus spp. 1) S. spinicornis Lin & Bi, 2011, male from Yunnan; 2) S. xiaodongi sp. nov., holotype male from Yunnan. a = dorsal view, b = ventral view. Scale bars = 5 mm.

FIGURES 3 – 13. Antennomeres and terminalia. 3 – 4) last four antennomeres of male. 3) S. spinicornis Lin & Bi; 4) S. xiaodongi sp. nov. 5 – 7) male terminalia of S. xiaodongi sp. nov. 5) tegmen; 6) median lobe; 7) tergite VIII and sternites VIII & IX. 8 – 13) female terminalia of Heterophilus scabricollis Pu, 1988. 8) sternite VIII, including spiculum ventral; 9 – 10) ovipositor; 11 – 13) spermatheca. a = ventral view, b = lateral view, c = ventral view. Scale bars = 1 mm. Figs. 3, 4 and 11 – 13 not to scale.

Tables

TABLE 1. Differences of S. spinicornis Lin & Bi and S. xiaodongi sp. nov.

Species Characters	S. spinicornis Lin & Bi (n=5)	S. xiaodongi sp. nov. (n=10)
Body size	length: 22.8–26.0 mm, humeral width: 5.8–6.8 mm.	length: 18.5–25.0 mm, humeral width: 4.0–6.0 mm.
Length of pectinate process to the antennomere	Always shorter	III & IV shorter, V to X longer.
Antennomeres	IV to X flattened and distinctly widened apically (Fig 1a); XI subdivided at apical third (Fig. 3)	IV to X hardly flattened and slightly widened apically (Fig 2a); XI not subdivided (Fig. 4)
Width of head / humeral width	ca. 5/9	ca. 2/3=6/9
Length of head + pronotum / elytral length	Slightly <1/3	Slightly> 1/3
Shape of pronotum, and apical width / basal width	Tapering anteriorly, ca. 3/4	Nearly quadrate, ca. 1/1
Elytral length / humeral width	Slightly <3	Slightly> 3
Pubescence of body	Longer and denser (Figs. 1 a & 1b)	shorter and sparser (Figs. 2 a & 2b)
Apex of ventral plate of median lobe	Strongly projected (Fig. 7 in Lin & Bi, 2011)	Rounded (Fig. 6c)
Distributional range of altitude	1050–1700 m	300–570 m