Pirhosigma limpidum Giordani Soika, 1978

Ferreira, Wellington D., De Oliveira, Letícia A., Inez, Tiago G. & Hermes, Marcel G., 2017, A new species of Pirhosigma Giordani Soika, 1978 (Hymenoptera, Vespidae: Eumeninae), with additional notes and a key to the species in the genus, Zootaxa 4300 (2), pp. 269-278 : 272

Pirhosigma limpidum Giordani Soika, 1978

( Figs. 7–11 , 25–27 )

Pirhosigma limpidum Giordani Soika, 1978: 230 (key), 240, figs. 272–273, pl. 31. Hermes et al., 2013: 433, 434, 435. Type data: female holotype (MSNVE) (examined). Type locality: Espírito Santo, Brazil.

Comments. Like the female, it is defined by the following set of characters: pronotal carina not projecting in a "Z" shape laterally and fully developed dorsally; punctures in the mesepisternum sparser; absence of median elevation in T2 ( Fig. 10 ); T2 longer than wide ( Fig. 11 ); absence of elevation in S2 ( Fig. 10 ). In addition to these characters common to both sexes, males of P. limpidum present the apical flagellomere triangular ( Fig. 9 ) and a short F10.

Description. Male.

Color. Body black. Yellow marks as follow: yellow-brown spots on mandibles; broad mark on clypeus (except apical margin); narrow bands on the meso-inferior and latero-inferior margins of compound eyes; marks covering the anterior surface of the fore and median coxae; brown-yellow spots on the post-coxal segments of all legs; two yellow spots on sides of T2; two apical yellow bands on the sides of T2; apical wavy bands on S2–S6. Brown marks in the following regions: ventral margin of the antennomeres (except scape, with a puncture at the base only); tegulae; marks on base of T1; two lateral spots apically on T1. Brownish wings.

Pilosity. Short, fine and abundant setae in the following regions: apex of the clypeus; posterior portion of the mesepisternum; propodeum; apex of T1.

Sculpture. Small, shallow punctures on clypeus, with the distance between punctures approximately the size of a puncture, evident micro-punctation; small, deep punctures on frons, with distance between punctures smaller than the size of a puncture, evident micro-punctation; similar pattern in the pronotum, mesoscutum, scutellum, metanotum and propodeum, with small, deep and abundant punctures, distance between punctures smaller than the size of a puncture, evident micro-punctation; tegula with shallow punctures at the base; punctation in the upper portion of the mesepisternum similar to the metanotum, in the lower portion sparser punctures; T1 with shallow punctures concentrated at apex, evident micro-punctation; T2–T7 with evident micro-punctation.

Structure. Labrum rounded; clypeus longer than wide, with emarginate apex and short, teeth not carinate; inter-antennal region without cariniform elevation; F11 short and triangular; complete pronotal carina, sinuous; pronotal fovea slit-like; pretegular carina absent; epicnemial carina absent; scrobal sulcus not evident; mesepisternum with a posterior projection above the mesothoracic spiracle; parategulae slender; evident groove between metanotum and scutellum; median groove in propodeum; T1 with apical portion with length greater than basal portion; preapical fossa rounded; lateral longitudinal carinae exceeding half of T1; T2 longer than wide; T2 with apical lamella.

Variation. The lateral spots on T2, one diagnostic character of the species in the key of Giordani Soika (1978) are not present in all analyzed specimens, demonstrating that the presence/absence of such spots is variable. The use of coloring patterns in Giordani Soika's keys has already been criticized in other works (e.g. Carpenter 1987; Hermes & Ferreira 2016; Hermes & Oliveira 2016).

Male genitalia. Aedeagus wider, unlike other species of Pirhosigma ( Figs. 25–26 ). Long digitus with sparse setae ( Fig. 27 ), similar to that found in P. superficiale .

Distribution. Brazil (Minas Gerais [new record], Paraná [new record], Espírito Santo, São Paulo).

Examined material. Brazil, Paraná: 1 ♂ (CEUFLA), ‘ Brasil, Paraná \ Piraquara \ 22. xi. 2005 \ M. G. Hermes col.’ ‘ Pirhosigma limpidum \ Soika, 1978 ♂ ’ (handwritten label) ; 1 ♂ (CEUFLA), ‘ Brasil, Paraná \ Piraquara \ ii. 2006 \ P. C. Grossi col.’ ; 1 ♂ ( UNESP), ‘ Mananciais da Serra- PR-\ Brasil \ 11/ ii/ 2009 \ Grandinete. Y. C. col’ ‘ Pirhosigma limpidum \ Giordani Soika ♂ \ M.G. Hermes det. 2012’ ; 1 ♂ (CEUFLA), ‘ Brasil, Paraná, Guaratuba \ Pontal do Itararé \ 0 4. III. 2007 P. Grossi col.’ ; 1 ♂ (CEUFLA) “ Brasil, Paraná, Guaratuba \ Pontal do Itararé \ 04.III.2007 P. Grossi col.” ; Brazil, Minas Gerais: 1 ♂ (CEUFLA), ‘ Brasil, Minas Gerais \ Passa Quatro, Flona \ 22° 23’ S 44° 56’W \ 0 9. iii. 2013 \ M. G. Hermes col.’ . Additional examined material: Brazil, Espírito Santo: ♀ holotype ( MSNVE), ‘ Espirito-Santo \ Brasil \ ex coll. Frunstorfer’ ‘ HOLOTYPUS \ Pirhosigma \ limpidum \ A. Giordani Soika’ (partially handwritten label). Brazil, São Paulo: ♀ paratype ( MSNVE), ‘ SÃO PAULO \ BRAS MRÁZ LGT.\ MUSPRAGENSE’ ‘ PARATYPUS \ Pirhosigma \ limpidum \ A. Giordani Soika’ (partially handwritten label) ‘ MUSEO CIVICO DI STORIA \ NATURALE DI VENEZIA\ Materiale típico descrito\ Inv. n. 04694’.

Figures

FIGURES 7 – 12. 7 – 11. Pirhosigma limpidum Giordani Soika, male. 7. Habitus; 8. Head in frontal view; 9. Antennal apex; 10. Metasoma in lateral view; 11. T 2 in dorsal view. 12. Pirhosigma pilosa (Fox), metasoma in lateral view. Scale bar for Fig. 1 = 2 mm, Fig. 8 – 9, 11 = 0.5 mm, Fig. 10, 12 = 1 mm.

FIGURES 25 – 27. Pirhosigma limpidum Giordani Soika, male genitalia. 25. Aedeagus in lateral view; 26. Aedeagus in ventral view; 27. Gonocoxite and volsella. Scale bar for all figures = 0.5 mm.