Tripos candelabrum (Ehrenberg) F. Gómez, 2013

Bhowal, A, Purushothaman, J & Siddique, A, 2023, Taxonomic studies of marine dinoflagellates and distribution in the coastal waters of Kakinada, Andhra Pradesh, India, Indian Journal of Geo Marine Sciences 52 (8), pp. 390-401 : 398-399

12. Tripos candelabrum (Ehrenberg) F. Gómez, 2013

Diagnostic characters: Thecate dinoflagellate with surface pores and a cell body broader than long. Presence of a tapering, distinct apical horn arising from the epitheca. Presence of two short diverging antapical horns arising from the hypotheca, with one horn slightly longer than the other. This is a chainforming species ( Fig. 2m ).

Distribution: Warm temperate to tropical waters; worldwide distribution. Tamil Nadu coast, India 10, Andaman Sea 11, 21, Indian Ocean 11, ROPME Sea Area, Iranian coastal waters 25, Mediterranean waters 26, Black Sea 27, Vitória-Trindade Seamount Chain, South Atlantic Ocean 35, Brazil waters 29, Gulf of Mexico 15, Mexican waters, Pacific Ocean 33, New Zealand coastal waters 30, Australian waters 31.

This species was recorded from the stations APK1, APK2, APK3 (surface and subsurface depths), and APK4 (subsurface depths) for the first time in Kakinada waters, and in the state of Andhra Pradesh.

Figures

Fig. 2 — Micrographs (Light microscope and SEM images) of species recorded from Kakinada coastal waters: (a) Protoperidinium depressum (Bailey) Balech 1974; (b) Protoperidinium brochii (Kofoid & Swezy) Balech, 1974; (c) Protoperidinium leonis (Pavillard) Balech 1974; (d) Protoperidinium ovum (J. Schiller) Balech 1974; (e) Protoperidinium pallidum (Ostenfeld) Balech 1973; (f) Spiraulax kofoidii H. W Graham, 1942; (g) Dinophysis caudata Saville-Kent 1881; (h) Dinophysis caudata Saville-Kent 1881; (i) Ornithocercus magnificus Stein 1883; (j) Phalacroma doryphorum Stein 1883; (k) Tripos inflatus (Kofoid) F. Gómez, 2013; (l) Tripos trichoceros (Ehrenberg) F. Gómez, 2013; (m) Tripos candelabrum (Ehrenberg) F. Gómez, 2013; (n) Tripos vultur (Cleve) F. Gómez 2013; (o) Tripos vultur (Cleve) F. Gómez 2013 magnified view; and (p) Triadinium polyedricum (Pouchet) Dodge, 1981