Xenylla hodori, Neves & Mendonça, 2017

Neves, Ana C. R. & Mendonça, Maria C., 2017, A new species of Xenylla Tullberg, 1869 (Collembola: Hypogastruridae) from Central Amazon, Brazil, Zootaxa 4347 (1), pp. 187-195 : 188-194

Xenylla hodori sp. nov.

Figs 1–3

Type material. Holotype female. Brazil, Amazonas State, Presidente Figueiredo municipality, forest litter of Amazon Forest . Locality coordinates: 02º 00'54,4"S / 59º 51'34,4"W, 23.iv.2008, slide number 2539 CM/ MNRJ O, Hamada, N; Azevedo, C. A. S; Silva, J. O.; Meneses, C.; Neiss, U. G. col. Paratypes: one female, same date of holotype; one female, 19.iv.2008, on slide 2534 CM/ MNRJ B; one male, 20.iv.2008, on slide 2535 CM/ MNRJ F; one female, 23.iv.2008, on slide 2538 CM/ MNRJ A; one male, 23.iv.2008, on slide 2538 CM/ MNRJ F; one male, 23.iv.2008, on slide 2539 CM/ MNRJ M; one in ethanol, 16.x.2008, 2556 CM/ MNRJ; one in ethanol, 19.x.2008, 2559 CM/ MNRJ. Deposited at Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro /Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil . Other material examined. Brazil, Amazonas State. Manacapuru municipality: one female, 07.ix.2008, on slide 2553 CM/ MNRJ C, Neiss, U. G.; Fernandes, A. col.; Manaus municipality: one male, 26.v.2008, on slide 2547 CM/ MNRJ A, Azevedo C. A. S; Neiss, U. G.; Meneses, C.; Falcão, J. N.; Petrolino, G. col., one in ethanol, 12.xi.2008, 2566 CM/ MNRJ, Neiss, U. G.; Sales, F.; Vilela, P.; Laurindo, F. col.; Novo Airão municipality: one male, 02.iv.2008, on slide 2526 CM/ MNRJ H, Nessimian, J. L.; Querino, R.; Pipineli M.; Azevedo, C. A. S.; Neiss, U. G. col; Rio Preto da Eva municipality: one female, 11.iv.2008, on slide 2529 CM/ MNRJ B, Azevedo, C. A. S.; Pipineli M.; Neiss, U. G.; Meneses, C.; Oliveira A. col.; one in ethanol, 22.ix.2008, 2555 CM/ MNRJ, Silva J. O.; Menses C. col. Deposited at Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro /Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil .

Description. Body length range (n=7): 0.57 to 0.70 mm. Holotype: 0.70 mm. Color blue gray in ethanol ( Fig.1 ). Secondary granules moderately developed. Antennae shorter than cephalic diagonal; ratio antennae: cephalic diagonal = 1: 1.3. Ant IV with simple apical bulb, subapical organite and dorsolateral microsensillum present, 4 thick sensilla, 3 dorso-external and 1 dorso-internal ( Fig.2a ). Ventral chaetotaxy of Ant IV composed of short and long chaetae. Ventral separation of Ant III and IV marked ( Fig.2b ). Sensory organ of Ant III with two small internal microsensilla, two long guard chaetae, and one microsensillum ( Figs 2a ). Ant II with 12–13 chaetae. Ant I with 7 chaetae.

Head with 5+5 eyes, on strongly pigmented eye-patch; PAO absent. Dorsally head with chaetae a0, d1–5, sd3– 5, v1, c2–3 (c1 absent), p1–3; lateral chaeta L1 subequal to L3, both longer than other ordinary chaetae ( Fig. 2c ). Ventral head chaetotaxy with a1, a2, m1, m3 and p1 chaetae, m2 absent ( Fig. 2d ). Mouthparts typical of the genus; mandible with robust molar plate. Pre-labral/labral chaetae arranged according to the formula: 2/4,5,5,4. External lobe of maxilla with two sublobal hairs.

Dorsal chaetotaxy consisting of slightly ciliated ordinary chaetae and thin and long ss-chaetae. Ratio ordinary chaetae: ss-chaetae = 1: 3. Th I with 3+3 chaetae; Th II with a 2 in line with a1; Th III with a2, apparently, displaced towards m row; Th II–III with p2 chaetae displaced anteriorly, a6 absent and ss-chaetae in position p4 and m7 ( Fig. 2e ). Abd I–III with ss-chaetae in p6 position, chaeta p5 absent. Abd IV without a3 and a5 chaetae and ss-chaetae in position p5. Abd V without a2 chaetae and p1 two times longer than p2, ss-chaetae in position p3 ( Fig. 2f ). Axial chaetae by half tergite: 33/22232. ss-chaetae formula by half tergite: 022/11111.

Tibiotarsi I–III with 19,19,18 chaetae, respectively; 2 dorsal clavate tenent hairs each. Ungues simple, without inner tooth. Empodial appendix absent ( Figs 3a, 3b ).

Sternites of Th II–III usually without chaetae. Ventral tube with 4+4 chaetae ( Fig. 3c ). Ventral quetotaxy of abdominal segments as follows: Abd II–V with 7–8+7–8, 6+6, 4+4, 5–6+5–6 chaetae, respectively ( Fig. 3d ). Tenaculum with 3+3 teeth. Furca developed; manubrium with up to 28 chaetae; each dens with 2 chaetae; mucro simple, separated from the dens and with a thin lamella and curved apex ( Fig. 3e ). Abd VI with two anal spines on papilla. Anal valves with 14+14 chaetae, hr chaetae not visualized. Female genital plate with 3 + 3 pregenital setae, 10 circumgenital setae and 1 + 1 eugenital ( Fig. 3f ); male genital plate with 3 + 3 pregenital setae, 14 circumgenital and 4 + 4 eugenital.

Etylomogy. The species name is a reference to Hodor, character of TV series Game of Thrones.

Discussion. Within the Brazilian Amazon Region, only X. nirae occurs ( Abrantes et al., 2012; Zeppelini et al., 2016). Although the sampling sites of this study were close to the type locality of X. nirae , it was not found within any of the samples. This species has a brief description, with only one illustration of antenna, and a chaetotaxic formula that can induce misinterpretations. Nevertheless, X. nirae can be differentiated from the new species mainly because of its chaetotaxy, more precisely, the absence of a2 chaeta on Th III and only 1+1 chaeta ventrally on Abd II, while in Xenylla hodori sp. nov a2 is always present on Th III and there are 8+8 chaetae ventrally on Abd II (Tab. 2).

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The new species Xenylla hodori sp. nov. resembles X. capixaba and X. welchi due to: number of eyes (5+5), head with L1 as long as L3 chaeta, presence of m3 and p1 chaetae ventrally on head and mucro separate from dens. Furthermore, X. hodori sp. nov. shares with X. capixaba a body chaetotaxy composed of ciliated chaetae, absence of c1 chaeta dorsally on head, Th II–III with p2 anteriorly displaced in relation to p1, Abd V without a2 chaetae and with two clavate tenent hairs on tibiotarsi I–III.

Regarding only X. welchi , the new species X. hodori sp. nov. shares the following characteristics: Th II with a2 chaeta aligned to a1 and Th III with a2 chaeta posteriorly displaced in relation to a1. In this sense, X. capixaba differs from X. hodori sp. nov. due to Th II–III with a2 displaced towards m row. However, X. hodori sp. nov. differs from X. welchi because of a ciliated body chaetotaxy, instead of smooth chaetae, two tenent hairs on tibiotarsus I, instead of one, absence of c1 chaeta dorsally on head, Th II–III with p2 chaeta anteriorly displaced in relation to p1 (aligned in X. welchi ) and absence of a2 chaeta on Abd V. Moreover, X. hodori sp. nov. has up to 28 chaetae on manubrium and Abd V with p2 chaeta measuring half the length of p1, while for X. capixaba and X. welchi the manubrium has about 35 chaetae, as well as subequal p1 and p2 chaetae on Abd V (Tab. 1, 2).

Curiously, two specimens studied here (one adult and one juvenile) presented a pair of chaetae only on sternite of Th II, diverging from other species of the genus, including Brazilian species X. manuelae Queiroz & Mendonça, 2016 , X. maritima Tullberg, 1869 and X. wandae Queiroz & Mendonça, 2016 , which exhibit a pair of chaetae on sternites of Th II and III (Tab. 2).

Figures

FIGURE 1. Xenylla hodori sp. nov. Habitus in ethanol.

FIGURE 2. Xenylla hodori sp. nov. a. latero-external view of Ant III – IV; b. ventral view of Ant III – IV; c. dorsal head chaetotaxy; d. half ventral head quetotaxy; e. dorsal thoracic tergites chaetotaxy; f. dorsal abdominal tergites chaetotaxy.

FIGURE 3. Xenylla hodori sp. nov. a. dorsolateral view of tibiotarsus II; b. ventrolateral view of tibiotarsus II; c. ventral tube; d. ventral chaetotaxy of Abd I – VI; e. dens and mucro; f. genital plate of male.