Olivancillaria vesica ( Gmelin, 1791 )

O, Va L E R I A T E S & Pastorino, Guido, 2011, A revision of the genus Olivancillaria (Mollusca: Olividae) from the southwestern Atlantic, Zootaxa 2889, pp. 1-34 : 10-13

Olivancillaria vesica ( Gmelin, 1791)

Figures 6A –E; 7A, B, G

Bulla vesica Gmelin, 1791: 3433 ; Dodge 1955: 10.

Oliva auricularia . Chenu 1845: 30, pl. 31, figs. 5–6 (non Lamarck, 1811).

Oliva aquatilis Reeve, 1850 : pl. 18, fig. 38.

Olivancillaria (Lintricula) vesica . H. Adams & A. Adams 1853: 141, pl. 15, fig. 2a; Fischer 1887: 598.

Claneophila auricularia . Gray 1858: 48.

Oliva vescica (sic). Marrat 1871: 23, pl. 18, figs. 283–285 (not fig. 280).

Oliva (Olivancillaria) auricularia . Tryon 1883: 90 –91, pl. 36, fig. 93 (non Lamarck, 1811).

Lintricula auricularia . Marcus & Marcus 1959: 99 –188, pl. 1, figs. 3–9 (non Lamarck, 1811).

Olivancillaria auricularia . Burch & Burch 1964: pl. 7, fig. 8 (non Lamarck, 1811); Thomé 1966: 167.

Olivancillaria vesica vesica . Klappenbach 1966: 76; Rios 1970: 101, pl. 31; 1985: 110, pl. 38, fig. 488; Tursch 1988: 246; Rios 1975: 111, pl. 33, fig. 469; Rios 1994: 142, pl. 46, fig. 611; Borzone & Vargas 1999: 55 –60; Caetano & Absalão 2002: 215 –218; Caetano et al. 2003: 1 –8; Absalão & Pimenta 2005: 20, fig. 38; Rios 2009: 270, No. 668.

Olivancillaria vesica . Carranza & Norbis 2005: 83 –89.

Diagnosis. Shell large (up to 60 mm), oval-oblong, apex usually not covered by callus; spire medium size; columellar callus thin but distinct; shell grayish with zig-zag light brown axial lines; fasciolar band light brown.

Description. Shell large oval-oblong, solid, thick (thickness ~ 1 mm); surface polished, bright; protoconch usually not covered by columellar callus; teleoconch of four flat whorls; spire of 1 2/3 convex whorl; suture channeled, half covered by columellar callus; aperture elongated, approximately 4/5 of total shell length; outer lip curved; posterior part of columella convex and smooth, with 4–10 anterior oblique folds; externally to those folds there are 2 or 3 pronounced folds parallel to columellar edge; fasciolar band well defined, light brown; posterior groove deep; siphonal channel deep ( Figure 6A –E).

Shell ultrastructure as in O. urceus ( Figure 7 D).

Radula rachiglossate ( Figure 7A ) as in O. urceus , some specimens with a unique denticle on one side of the lateral rachidian cusp.

Siphon short with few papillae of the same size on the distal tip ( Figure 7 G).

Egg capsules hemispherical, elevated, flattened and flexible. A suture bisects the capsule in two equal parts. A large operculum (escape-aperture) defined by a groove covers the entire capsule. A single embryo hatches from each capsule. According to Borzone & Vargas (1991) living specimens of Tivela mactroides and T. ventricosa are the most common oviposition substrates at least in the southern Brazil area.

Geographic distribution. Iguape (13°34’S; 38°48’W), Bahia state to Florianópolis 27°35’S; 48°33’W), Santa Catarina state, both in Brazil in 0–20 m depth. There is no record of this species outside Brazilian waters.

Type material. [ O. vesica ] was not found at the Linnaean Society of London (LSL) where most of the material studied by Linnaeus is housed. [ O. aquatilis ] holotype NHMUK 1892.9.24.20. In order to clarify the taxonomic status of Olivancillaria vesica we designate the specimen MNRJ 18.979, illustrated here ( Figures 6 D–E) as neotype, in agreement with the article 75.3.1–7 of the ICZN, with type locality Maricá, Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil.

Type locality. [ O. vesica ] and [ O. aquatilis ] both from Brazil.

Other material examined. Brazil. Iguape, Bahia (BA): MNRJ 6905, MZUSP 81401; Caravelas, BA: MZUSP 61340; Cabo de São Tomé, Rio de Janeiro (RJ): MZUSP 34717; Rio das Ostras, RJ: MNRJ 9553; Buzios, RJ: MORG 20998 (intertidal), MNRJ 6910, 8541, MZUSP 80611; Barra da Tijuca, RJ: MZUSP 33532; Cabo Frio, RJ: MNHNM 9593, 9597, MORG 4185, 34197, MNRJ 2759, 2768, 2816, 4184, 4906, 5898, 8615, 14357; RJ: MORG 1056; Arraial do Cabo, RJ: MORG 42998 (intertidal), MZUSP 65715, 65716, 70938, MNRJ 2802; Saquarema, RJ: MNRJ 6246; Maricá, RJ: MNRJ 7812, 7928, NMR 61890; Niterói, RJ: MNRJ 7222, 9692, 14570; Copacabana, RJ: MORG 33897, MNRJ 5899, 8085, 8390, 13114, 13119; Praia de Grumari, RJ: MNRJ 1889, 1890, 6459, 9459, 9511; Ilha Grande, RJ: MNHNM 9592; Caraguatatuba, SP (São Paulo): MZUSP 704; Santos, SP: MORG 13590 (intertidal), 34196; Peruíbe, SP: MORG 10658, 43233 (intertidal); Ilha Comprida, SP: MNHNM 9141; Cananeia, SP: MZUSP 33242; 51196; SP: MNHNM 9154, 9175 (20 m), 9556, MORG 10657, 10824, 10872, MNRJ 14304, Matinhos, PR (Paraná): MZUSP 51160; Guaratuba, PR: MZUSP 51190, 51194; Piçarras, SC (Santa Catarina): MORG 46727, 47753, 50223; Itapema, SC: MORG 18133; Bombinhas, SC: MORG 50742 (intertidal); Campeche, SC: MORG 42889 (intertidal); Pântano do Sul, SC: MNRJ 14347; SC: MNHNM 9596.

Remarks. Bulla vesica Gmelin, 1791 was described, in brief and rather vaguely, without any particular feature that easily differentiates from other species of Olivancillaria . However, it refers to the figure of Bonanno, (1684, fig. 332) a pre-Linnean, unavailable, work. Although this figure is also somewhat imprecise it is possible to appreciate the similarity with Olivancillaria vesica (illustrated here in Figures 6 D–E). Probably, this unclear description plus a poorly defined figure brought confusion throughout history. O. vesica was usually mixed or synonymized by different authors with Oliva auricularia Lamarck, 1811 , which also has neither type material nor original illustration (e.g. Chenu (1845) and Tryon (1883) grouped O. vesica within O. auricularia ). Reeve (1850: pl. 18, sp. 38) already mentioned this problem and contributed to the general confusion by synonymizing O. auricularia Duclos (non Lamarck) within Oliva aquatilis . Most of the observed differences in the spire shape between specimens of O. vesica depend on the degree of concealment of it, due to a great variation in the amount of subsequent deposition of CaCO3 on the columellar callus.

Marcus & Marcus (1959: pl. 1, figs. 3–9) illustrated the characteristic siphon papillae of O. vesica (as Lintricula auricularia ). This distinctive character of the siphon, and the zig-zag dark axial lines and elongated shape of the shell serve to easily differentiate O. vesica from O. auricularia . Rocha Barreira (2001) also considered Marcus & Marcus’s material as O. vesica .

Figures

FIGURE 6. A – C, holotype of Oliva aquatilis Reeve, 1850, NHMUK 1892.9. 24.20, from Brazil; D – E, neotype of Olivancillaria vesica (Gmelin, 1791) MNRJ 18.979, from Maricá, Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil; F – H, neotype of Olivancillaria auricularia (Lamarck, 1811) MACN-In 38160 from Cassino, Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. Scale bar = 1 cm.

FIGURE 7. A – B, Olivancillaria vesica. A, radula frontal view, scale bar = 100 µm; B, ultrastructure of the shell, scale bar = 200 µm. C – F, Olivancillaria auricularia. C, radula frontal view, scale bar = 100 µm; D, ultrastructure of the shell, scale bar = 500 µm; E, siphon with numerous branched papillae in the distal tip; F, penis; scale bar for E and F = 1 mm. G, O. vesica, siphon with few papillae of the same size, scale bar = 1 mm. H – I, O. auricularia, egg capsules from Cassino, Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil, scale bar = 500 µm. ol: outer layer; ml: middle layer; il: innermost layer.