Perittonannus, Weirauch & Knyshov & Hoey-Chamberlain, 2020
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publication ID |
https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.4768.1.6 |
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publication LSID |
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:FB34E9C8-677C-42BD-BB34-5893F039B8E8 |
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DOI |
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3795448 |
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persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038387B1-3F43-FF8E-58E8-9D72FD17FCD5 |
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treatment provided by |
Plazi |
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scientific name |
Perittonannus |
| status |
gen. nov. |
Perittonannus View in CoL gen. n.
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:207E33A1-959D-4B09-9909-C29FDC791878
Figures 1 View FIGURE 1 , 2D, E View FIGURE 2 , 3 View FIGURE 3 G–I, 6B, 7A
Type species. Perittonannus antiquus sp. n.
Diagnosis. Distinguished among Schizopteridae by the relatively small body size (0.96-1.13 mm), small round- ed head about as long as high in lateral view, medium-sized eye in lateroventral position, slender four-segmented labium ( Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1 ), R with three branches, subcostal vein, R1 and R2 fused just beyond midpoint of forewing, rc3 boomerang-shaped, dc1 large, rc and tc cells of similar subrectangular shape and size, tc with four emanating veins ( Fig. 2D View FIGURE 2 ), long, robust, and very setose legs ( Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1 ), tarsal formula 2-2-2 ( Fig. 3 View FIGURE 3 G-I), symmetrical abdomen with dorsum and ventrum equally sclerotized, genitalia sinistrally directed, laterotergites 9 present on both sides as free-moving appendages with enlarged apices, short thick vesica with apical funnel-shaped expansion, conjunctiva with heavily sclerotized quadrate sclerite on left side of pygophore (see Knyshov et al. [2018] their Figs 1o View FIGURE 1 , 4d View FIGURE 4 , 14b), and the well-developed ovipositor.
Description. Male: macropterous, suboval, relatively small body size (0.96-1.13 mm). Coloration ( Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1 ). Body dark brown, antenna pale yellowish, labium pale yellowish with dark brown apex, forewing dark brown with broad white transverse band across proximal portion of subcostal cell, basal cell, and distal half of clavus, legs pale yellowish. Vestiture ( Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1 ). Body with dense cover of microtrichia, some longer semierect setae lateroventrally on head and laterally on thorax, and medium-length subadpressed setae dorsally on head and pronotum, legs densely beset with long, fairly stout, semirect setae. Structure. Head ( Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1 ): small and rounded in dorsal view, about as long as high in lateral view, synthlipsis about 5.5 times as wide as eye, eye in lateroventral position, largely obscured in dorsal view, prominent in ventral view; labium four-segmented, reaching apex of middle coxa, first segment inflated, second to fourth segments very slender and of similar diameter; antenna with short scape and pedicel (flagellomeres missing). Thorax ( Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1 ): pronotum broad and short, slightly less than half as long as wide, collar narrow, anterior and posterior pronotal lobes not demarcated, posterior margin in dorsal view almost straight, scutellum small and narrow, with tapering apex, metathorax without obvious gland evaporatory structures. Forewing ( Fig. 2D View FIGURE 2 ): macropterous, with slender scc, R with three branches, Sc, R1 and R2 fused just beyond midpoint of forewing, rc3 narrow and boomerang-shaped, dc1 large, rc and tc of similar subrectangular shape and size, cub oval, relatively small; Sc and R1 heavily sclerotized to point of fusion with R2, Sc distinct to tip of forewing and Cu. Legs: long and robust ( Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1 ), subapical combs on fore-, middle, and hind tibiae ( Fig. 3 View FIGURE 3 G-I), hind tibia with row of slender capitate setae ( Fig. 3H, I View FIGURE 3 ); tarsal formula 2-2-2 ( Fig. 3 View FIGURE 3 G-I), fore- and middle tarsus as slender as hind tarsus incrassate ( Fig. 3 View FIGURE 3 G-I), first tarsomeres very short, second ~3-4 times longer than first, claws slender and long, ~1/3 of second tarsomere length; bladderlike arolium absent, parempodia with tapering apex. Abdomen and genitalia: Documented and described in Knyshov et al. (2018) based on specimen UCR_ENT 00014811 (their Figs 1o View FIGURE 1 , 4d View FIGURE 4 , 14b, and 19e): “Pregenital abdomen. Symmetrical, not laterally curved, dorsum, and ventrum equally sclerotized. All abdominal segments equally sclerotized. Dorsal surface smooth. Pregenital laterotergites indistinct. Two pairs of spiracles present (segments 7–8), located on lateral margins of sternum (segment 7), or on lateral margins of mediotergite (segment 8). Scars of DAG orifices present medially along anterior margin of mediotergite 7. Pregenital abdomen modifications. Mediotergite 7 symmetrical, short. Laterotergites indistinct. Sternum 7 symmetrical, long. Genitalia. Sinistrally directed. Mediotergite 8 symmetrical, short. Laterotergites 8 indistinct. Sternum 8 indistinct. Pygophore symmetrical, oval, open dorsally, mediotergite 9 indistinct. Laterotergites 9 distinct, nearly symmetrical, elongated. Parameres asymmetrical, left larger than right. Left paramere elongated, basal process elongated and rounded, apical process elongated and rounded. Right paramere elongated, basal process short and rounded, apical process elongated and rounded. Basal plates weakly asymmetrical. Phallosoma reduced. Conjunctiva heavily sclerotized, represented by large quadrate sclerite and one short rounded appendage. Vesica with narrow base and coiled thick short distal region, expanding around apex into funnel. Anophore symmetrical, without processes. Anal tube membranous.”
Female ( Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1 ). Similar to male in coloration and vestiture, but submacropterous ( Fig. 2E View FIGURE 2 ) and distinctly smaller than male (0.68–0.86 mm) (Tab. 1); tarsal formula 2-2-2. Genitalia ( Fig. 6B View FIGURE 6 ): well-developed, sclerotized ovipositor formed by interlocked gonapophyses 8 and 9, and styloids; gonapophysis 8 slightly longer than gonapophysis 9, both with sharp apex and without teeth or large setae; styloids represented by six interconnected sclerites median to gonapophysis 8; spermathecal gland small and spherical; spermathecal gland duct straight; spermathecal reservoir large and spherical; spermathecal duct relatively short and very narrow, opening into large spheroid membranous pouch.
Etymology. From perittós (Greek) meaning “odd” to reflect the singular morphology of this phylogenetically isolated taxon and “nannus” after the Greek king of the same name (Nannus) and resembling nânos meaning “dwarf” (Greek). The gender is masculine.
Distribution. Known from Costa Rica.
Notes. The isolated phylogenetic position of Perittonannus gen. n. in the combined molecular and morphological analyses by Knyshov et al. (under revision) are reflected in the singular morphology of this taxon. Perittonannus gen. n. is unique among non-hypselosomatine Schizopteridae in the sinistrally oriented male genitalia, among other genitalic features, and by numerous aspects of the forewing venation. A well-developed ovipositor is rare nonhypselosomatine Schizopteridae and in this case is likely plesiomorphic.
Perittonannus antiquus sp. n.
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:3CAA6CD1-EDDF-4A1A-B31A-BA5D53C1144A
Figures 1 View FIGURE 1 , 2D, E View FIGURE 2 , 3 View FIGURE 3 G–I, 6B, 7A
Diagnosis. As in generic diagnosis.
Description. As in generic description.
Measurements. See Table 1.
Etymology. According to our phylogenetic analyses, this genus and species represent the earliest diverging lineage of non-hypselosomatine Schizopteridae . The species epithet antiquus meaning “ancient” was chosen to reflect this phylogenetic position.
Specimens examined. Holotype: COSTA RICA: Heredia: 16 km SSE La Virgen, 10.26666 ° N 84.08333 ° W, 1150 m, 09 Mar 2001 – 14 Mar 2001, E. G. Riley, 1;m ( UCR _ ENT 00093427 ) ( TAMU). GoogleMaps
Paratypes: COSTA RICA: Heredia: Sarapiqui Co.: Heredia: La Selva Biol. Station , 10.43 ° N 84.02 ° W, 16 Feb 2002 – 17 Feb 2002, B. Brown, L. Gonzales, and K. Walker, 1;m ( UCR _ ENT 00022675 ) ( LACM). P.N. Braulio Carrillo, 16 Km SSE La Virgen , 10.26784 ° N 84.084 ° W, 1050 m, 20 Feb 2001 – 23 Feb 2001, INBio-OET-ALAS, 2;f ( UCR _ ENT 00014571 , UCR_ENT 00014572) ( INBIO); 23 Feb 2001, INBio-OET-ALAS, 3;f ( UCR _ ENT 00014574 , UCR_ENT 00014577, UCR_ENT 00014579) ( INBIO); 14 Mar 2001 – 17 Mar 2001, INBio-OET-ALAS, 1;m ( UCR _ ENT 00014814 ) ( INBIO); 17 Mar 2001, INBio-OET-ALAS, 1;m ( UCR _ ENT 00014812 ) ( INBIO); 17 Mar 2001, INBio-OET-ALAS, 3;f ( UCR _ ENT 00014573 , UCR_ENT 00014576, UCR_ENT 00014578) ( IN- BIO); 19 Mar 2001 – 22 Mar 2001, INBio-OET-ALAS, 1;f ( UCR _ ENT 00014570 ) ( INBIO). La Selva, 10.42375 ° N 84.02175 ° W, 15 Feb 2002 – 16 Feb 2002, Brown, 2;m ( UCR _ ENT 00039260 ) ( LACM). La Selva Biological Station , 10.43333 ° N 84.01667 ° W, 16 May 1992, ALAS, Light Trap, 1;m ( UCR _ ENT 00109111 ) ( UCR) GoogleMaps . Limon: Hamburg Farm, 10.25 ° N 83.45 ° W, Nov 1927, Unknown, 1;m ( UCR _ ENT 00096869 ) ( AMNH). Rio Sardinas , R. N.F.S. Barra del Colorado, A.C. Tortuguero, 10.69184 ° N 83.71991 ° W, 50 m, Mar 1994, F. Araya, 2;m ( UCR _ ENT 00014810 , UCR_ENT 00014809) ( INBIO) GoogleMaps . Unknown: Costa Rica , 9.74277 ° N 83.75944 ° W, 1167 m, no date provided, Unknown, 1;f ( UCR _ ENT 00014575 ), 2;m ( UCR _ ENT 00014811 , UCR_ENT 00014813) ( INBIO) GoogleMaps .
Collecting method and habitat. Specimens were collected using Yellow Pan Traps and Malaise Traps in Isthmian-Atlantic moist forest. One specimen was recorded from “successional plots” at La Selva Biological Station, suggesting that specimens may also be found in somewhat disturbed habitats.
Rimanannus gen. n.
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:FC5E7FA1-1477-4663-B66B-450DF7FEF4D1
Figures 1–3 View FIGURE 1 View FIGURE 2 View FIGURE 3 , 5C View FIGURE 5 , 7B View FIGURE 7
Type species. Rimanannus camerunensis sp. n.
Diagnosis. Distinguished among Schizopteridae by the small size (~ 1 mm), medium-sized eyes, four-segment- ed labium ( Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1 ), distinctive wing feature comprising strongly inflated mid-portion of R and M with slit-like rc giving the appearance of a slender coffee bean ( Fig. 2F View FIGURE 2 ), long costal fracture reaching to apex of bc, tc with five emanating veins, tarsal formula 2-2-3 ( Fig. 3 View FIGURE 3 J-L), male sternum 7 shaped into large subgenital plate, laterotergites 9 present on both sides as free-moving appendages with curved apices, aedeagus with one large heavily sclerotized conjunctival appendage, and vesica short and slender ( Fig. 5B View FIGURE 5 ).
Description. Male: macropterous, suboval, small (~ 1 mm). Coloration ( Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1 ). Body and wings uniformly brown, antenna, labium, and legs pale yellow. Vestiture ( Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1 ). Body and forewing smooth, with relatively few medium-length setae, legs moderately setose. Structure. Head ( Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1 ): short and strongly declivous, synthlipsis ~3 times as wide as eye, eye medium-sized; labium four-segmented, reaching base of middle coxa, first segment inflat- ed, second to fourth moderately stout; antenna with short scape and pedicel (flagellomeres missing). Thorax ( Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1 ): pronotum very broad and short, about a quarter as long as wide, collar distinct, longer medially than laterally, anterior and posterior pronotal lobes not demarcated, posterior margin in dorsal view slightly concave, scutellum with spine-like apex, metathorax without obvious gland evaporatory structures. Forewing ( Fig. 2F View FIGURE 2 ): macropterous, with fairly broad cc, R with 3 branches, R1 forming proximal margin of costal fracture, distinctive wing feature comprising strongly inflated mid-portion of R and M with slit-like rc giving the appearance of a slender coffee bean ( Fig. 2F View FIGURE 2 ), long costal fracture reaching to apex of bc, bc slender and elongate, tc suboval with five emanating veins, dc elongate and narrow, cub open distally (An1 not reaching Cu); veins surrounding sc, rc, rc1, and rc2 heavily sclerotized ( Fig. 2F View FIGURE 2 ). Legs: slender ( Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1 ), fore tibia only slightly expanded at apex 9 Fig. 3J View FIGURE 3 ), all tibiae subapically with combs ( Fig. 3 View FIGURE 3 J-L), hind tibia with row of short, stout, subadpressed setae and with row of erect, more distantly spaced slender setae with capitate apex ( Fig. 3L View FIGURE 3 ); tarsal formula 2-2-3 ( Fig. 3 View FIGURE 3 J-L), with fore- and middle tarsus slightly incrassate ( Fig. 3J, K View FIGURE 3 ), hind tarsus more slender ( Fig. 3L View FIGURE 3 ), first tarsomeres very short, second about five times longer than first on fore- and middle leg, second and third hind leg tarsomeres of similar length; fore- and middle tarsi without bladderlike arolium ( Fig. 3J View FIGURE 3 , EK), parempodia with tapering apex ( Fig. 3L View FIGURE 3 ). Abdomen and genitalia ( Fig. 5C View FIGURE 5 ): pregenital abdomen fairly symmetrical; spiracles located on sterna 6 and 7, and on mediotergite 8; DAG scars minute, located on sides of anterior margin of mediotergite 7 and obscured by mediotergite 6; sternum 7 shaped into subgenital plate, completely covering pygophore from beneath; mediotergite 8 without processes; laterotergites 9 present on both sides as free-moving appendages with curved apices; aedeagus with complex middle portion with tentatively one large heavily sclerotized conjunctival appendage; vesica relatively short and slender, with minute serration near apex; right paramere elongate, L-shaped, with rounded apex; left paramere as long as wide, with rounded apex; anophore sclerotized, devoid of processes.
Female. Unknown.
Etymology. “Rima” from rima (Latin) meaning “crack, crevice” for the distinctively inflated R and M portion surrounding the slit-like rc and and “nannus” after the Greek king of the same name (Nannus) and resembling nânos meaning “dwarf” (Greek). The gender is masculine.
Distribution. Known from two sites in the western part of Cameroon, Mt. Cameroon and Korup National Park.
Notes. See under Kamakonocoris gen. n. for discussion of phylogenetic relationship.
Rimanannus camerunensis sp. n.
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:1D8BCF9E-76A3-475C-895B-6EC1AA79B060
Figures 1 View FIGURE 1 , 2F View FIGURE 2 , 3 View FIGURE 3 J–L, 5C, 7B
Diagnosis. As in generic diagnosis.
Description. As in generic description.
Measurements. See Table 1.
Etymology. This species is named for its country of origin.
Specimens examined. Holotype: CAMEROON: Southwest: Korup National Park, nature trail, 5.00833 ° N 8.86944 ° E, 93 m, 30 Aug 2013 – 31 Aug 2013, Forthman, Gordon, Heraty & Weirauch, 1;m ( UCR _ ENT 00088644 ) ( UCR). GoogleMaps
Paratypes: CAMEROON: Southwest: Korup National Park, nature trail, 5.00833 ° N 8.86944 ° E, 93 m, 28 Aug 2013 – 30 Aug 2013, Forthman, Gordon, Heraty & Weirauch, 2;m (UCR_ENT 00088115, UCR_ENT 00088116) (UCR). Mt. Cameroon, 4.1175 ° N 9.0716 ° E, 1079 m, 28 Dec 2015, V. Grebennikov, 2;m (UCR_ENT 00127864, UCR_ENT 00127865) (CNC). ~ 8 km N of Mundemba, toward Toko, 4.99994 ° N 8.96401 ° E, 03 Sep 2013, Forthman, Gordon, Heraty & Weirauch, 1;m (UCR_ENT 00087547;ED_2203) (UCR).
Collecting method and habitat. Specimens were collected using Yellow Pan Traps in Cross-Sanaga-Bioko coastal forests, a tropical moist broadleaf forest ecoregion of west-central Africa, and from sifting leaf litter in Mount Cameroon and Bioko montane forests.
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