Guatteria costaricensis R.E.Fr. — Plate

Maas, P. J. M., Westra, L. Y. T., Guerrero, S. Arias, Lobão, A. Q., Scharf, U., Zamora, N. A. & Erkens, R. H. J., 2015, Confronting a morphological nightmare: revision of the Neotropical genus Guatteria (Annonaceae), Blumea 60 (1), pp. 1-219 : 63

40. Guatteria costaricensis R.E.Fr. — Plate 3c; Map 8

Guatteria costaricensis R.E.Fr.[var. costaricensis ] (1939) 514,f. 34b. —

Type: Oersted 146 ( holo C; iso F fragment, US), Costa Rica, Cartago, Turrialba, May 1847 .

Guatteria costaricensis R.E.Fr. var. endresii R.E.Fr. (1939) 515. — Type: Endres 176 (holo K; iso BM, W), Costa Rica, without location.

Tree or shrub 3–10(–20) m tall, to 10–75 cm diam; young twigs often zigzagging, rather densely to sparsely covered with appressed, brown hairs, soon glabrous. Leaves: petiole 3–7 mm long, 1–2 mm diam; lamina narrowly elliptic, sometimes slightly falcate, 7–17 by 2–6 cm (leaf index 3–3.5), chartaceous, not verruculose, dull, drying greyish or brownish black above and below, rather densely covered with erect hairs along the primary vein above, sparsely covered with appressed, brown hairs below, base acute, apex acuminate (acumen 5–10 mm long), primary vein flat to impressed above, often keeled below, secondary veins distinct, 8–14 on either side of primary vein, raised above, smallest distance between loops and margin 1–4 mm, tertiary veins raised above, reticulate. Flowers in 1{–2}-flowered inflorescences in axils of leaves; pedicels 5–20 mm long, c. 1 mm diam, fruiting pedicels to c. 25 mm long, c. 2 mm diam, rather densely to finally sparsely covered with appressed, brown hairs, articulated at c. 0.2 from the base, bracts 4–7, soon falling, the basal bract elliptic, 1–2 mm long; flower buds depressed ovoid; sepals basally connate, broadly to shallowly ovate-triangular, 3–4 by 3–6 mm, reflexed, outer side sparsely covered with appressed, brown hairs, upper margins densely so; petals cream or yellow in vivo, ovate to rhombic to broadly so, 10–14 by 8–9 mm, outer side densely covered with appressed hairs; stamens 1.5–2 mm long, connective shield papillate. Monocarps 30–40, green when young in vivo, black in sicco, ellipsoid, 7–10 by 4–5 mm, sparsely covered with appressed hairs, soon glabrous, apex apiculate (apiculum < 1 mm long), wall 0.2–0.3 mm thick, stipes 8–14 by 1 mm. Seed ellipsoid, 8–9 by 3–4 mm, dark brown, transversely grooved to rugulose, raphe not distinct from rest of seed

Distribution — Costa Rica, Panama.

Habitat & Ecology — In premontane or montane rain forest. At elevations of 600–1950 m. Flowering: throughout the year; fruiting: April, June, November, December.

Vernacular names — Not recorded.

Notes — Guatteria costaricensis has often been confused with G. oliviformis , but is distinguished by its non-verrucose leaves, an indument of appressed hairs on its young twigs, longer stipes, smaller sepals and seeds and its greyish or brownish black leaves after drying.

The Panamanian material of G. costaricensis seems to resemble the small-leaved material of G. slateri . For the differences with G. slateri see under that species.

Figures

Plate 3 a, b. Guatteria caribaea Urb. a. Flowering branch; b. mature flower. – c. Guatteria costaricensis R.E.Fr. Leaves and fruit. – d. Guatteria cuatrecasasii Sánchez S.Flowering branch.– e. Guatteria dolichopoda Donn.Sm.Flowering branch and leaves.– f. Guatteria foliosa Benth.Flowering branch.– g, h. Guatteria talamancana N.Zamora & Maas. g. Flowering branch; h. flower (a, b: Graveson et al. 3093; c: Maas et al. 9392; d: R. Cámara Leret & Copete Maturana 1743; e: Maas et al. 9462; f: Mori & Gracie 23929; g, h: Monro 6108). — Photos:a, b: R.H.J. Erkens;c,e: P.J.M. Maas;d: R. Cámara Leret;f: C. Gracie; g, h:A.K. Monro.

Map 8 Distribution of Guatteria blainii (●), G. caribaea (£), G. chiriquiensis (■), G. costaricensis (P), G. crassivenia (u) and G. darienensis (✸).