Climacia areolaris (Hagen)

Bowles, David E., 2006, Spongillaflies (Neuroptera: Sisyridae) of North America with a key to the larvae and adults, Zootaxa 1357, pp. 1-19 : 5-8

Climacia areolaris (Hagen)

Figures 3, 5 , 16 , 21–23

This species is most similar in appearance to C. californica . The forewings are usually 5 mm or longer and the pale colored area of pterostigma covers six or more veins ( Fig. 16 ). The antennae are dark brown to black, and the postocciput is dark brown and distinctly darker than the rest of the head. Male terminalia have the ventral lobe of the ectoproct narrow and finger-like and located posterior to the dorsal portion ( Fig. 21 ). The gonarcus complex in dorsal view has mildly sinuate internal spines that are broadest anteriorly and gradually tapering posteriorly to a fine point ( Fig. 22 ). Female terminalia have tergite 9 as broad as long in lateral view ( Fig. 23 ). The apex of the gonapophyses curve posteriad at an angle of approximately 80o.

Climacia areolaris is widespread in the United States and Canada east of the Rocky Mountains, but I have not collected nor examined any material from Mexico. Brown (1974) stated that the record of C. areolaris from Lago de Xochimilco in central Mexico reported by Navás (1928) was probably inaccurate and that those specimens were probably either Climacia chapini or an undescribed species. However, Brown (1974) indicated that the Climacia larvae he collected in nearby Durango State, Mexico were apparently undescribed and possibly represented the same species reported by Navás (1928). Brown (1974) also suggested that the Climacia cocoons he collected in sponge in southern Baja California, Mexico likely represented an undescribed species, and Pupedis (1980) arrived at a similar conclusion. Oswald et al. (2002) reported C. areolaris from San Luis Potosi and Tamaulipas, Mexico based on information originally provided by this author. However, I have reexamined those specimens and determined that the former is C. chapini and the latter C. californica . The known distribution of C. areolaris in the United States, and my examination of material from Mexico, leaves me to conclude that this species likely does not occur in Mexico and that previously published records of its occurrence there are dubious. In this study, new distributional records for C. areolaris are reported from Nova Scotia, Canada, and Kentucky, South Carolina, and West Virginia in the United States. The flight period of C. areolaris ranges from March through December. Adults of C. areolaris are occasionally co-collected with Sisyra vicaria throughout their respective ranges although they normally are more locally abundant than the latter species.

Published and Supplemental State, County and Parish Records. CANADA. Ontario: ( Carpenter 1940. Quebec: ( Carpenter 1940). MEXICO: [Distrito Federal] ( Navás 1928). San Luis Potosi: ( Oswald et al. 2002). Tamaulipas: ( Oswald et al. 2002). UNITED STATES. Alabama: county unknown ( Parfin & Gurney 1956), [Lawrence, Limestone] ( Isom 1968); Baldwin, Jefferson (MEM). Arkansas: county unknown ( Parfin & Gurney 1956); Clark, Garland, Johnson (UAAM), Lafayette (UNT), Logan (UAAM), Ouachita (INHS), Perry, Pike (UAAM), Pope (UNT), Stone (INHS, UAAM) Logan (EMEC). Colorado: county unknown ( Parfin & Gurney 1956). Connecticut: county unknown ( Carpenter 1940), [Hartford, Middlesex] ( Parfin & Gurney 1956), [Tolland] ( Parfin & Gurney 1956). Delaware: county unknown ( Parfin & Gurney 1956). Florida: county unknown ( Carpenter 1940), Alachua, [Charlotte, Hendry, Palm Beach, Polk, Volusia] ( Parfin & Gurney 1956); Baker, Dade, [Escambia], Highlands, Liberty, Levy, Marion, Oklaloosa, Putnam, Santa Rosa, Suwannee (BYUC), [Hendry], Wakulla (AMNH). Georgia: [Charlton] ( Carpenter 1940), [Charlton, Crawford, Houston, Pierce, Richmond, Whitfield] ( Parfin & Gurney 1956); [Lanier] (INHS). Illinois: county unknown ( Carpenter 1940); [Carroll, Iroquois, Kankakee, Jersey, Saline, Stephenson] ( Parfin & Gurney 1956), Champaign, Fayette, Gallatin, Johnson, McLean, Platt, Pope, Vermilion (INHS). Indiana: [ Marshall] ( Parfin & Gurney 1956); Monroe (FSCA). Kansas: [Riley] ( Parfin & Gurney 1956); Chautauqua, Cherokee, Cowley, Crawford, Douglas, Neosho, Johnson, and Woodson ( Huggins 1980). Louisiana: [Caddo, Rapides] ( Parfin & Gurney 1956); Bossier, Concordia, Jefferson, St. Charles, St. Tammany, Washington ( Poirrier 1969), East Feliciana ( Poirrier & Arceneaux 1972); Baton Rouge (BYUC), Natchitoches (TAMU). Maine: county unknown ( Carpenter 1940), [Hancock, Kennebec] ( Parfin & Gurney 1956), [Penobscot] ( Parfin & Gurney 1956). Maryland: county unknown ( Carpenter 1940), [Worcester] ( Parfin & Gurney 1956); Calvert (BYUC). Massachusetts: county unknown ( Carpenter 1940) (AMNH), [Middlesex, Worcester] ( Parfin & Gurney 1956). Michigan: [Emmet, Ingham] ( Carpenter 1940), [Cheboygan, Houghton] ( Parfin & Gurney 1956); Chippewa, Kalamazoo (MSU). Minnesota: [St. Louis] ( Carpenter 1940), Houston, Lake, Washington ( Parfin 1952); Cook, [Ramsey], [Wabasha] ( Parfin & Gurney 1956). Mississippi: [Adams] ( Carpenter 1940); Amite, Lincoln, Pearl River, Perry, Simpson, Stone ( Poirrier & Holzenthal 1980); Franklin, Hancock, Jackson, Madison, Marshall, Quitman, Tishomingo ( Lago 1981); Lauderdale (BYUC), Grenada, Pontotoc, Smith, Oktibbeha (MEM). Missouri: Taney (Froeschner 1947), [Taney] ( Parfin & Gurney 1956); Boone (INHS, UMC), Pulaski, Shannon (UAAM), Wayne (UMC). New Hampshire: county unknown ( Carpenter 1940). New Jersey: county unknown ( Carpenter 1940), [Burlington] ( Parfin & Gurney 1956). New Mexico: Eddy ( Carpenter 1940). New York: county unknown ( Carpenter 1940) [ Columbia, Erie, Essex, Herkimer, Jefferson, Livingston, Montgomery, Queens, St. Lawrence, Warren, Washington], Westchester ( Parfin & Gurney 1956); [Clinton] (INHS), [ Columbia] (FSCA). North Carolina: [Moore] ( Carpenter 1940); McDowell (INHS). North Dakota: Grand Forks ( Stoaks et al. 1983). Ohio: [Ottawa] ( Carpenter 1940); Ashtabula (INHS), Hocking (BYUC).

Oklahoma: county unknown ( Carpenter 1940), Adair (BSC), Beckham, Grant, McCurtain ( Parfin & Gurney 1956), Grayson (White 1976), Johnston ( Brown 1974), LeFlore (EMEC), Marshall ( Brown 1974), McCurtain ( Parfin & Gurney 1956), Pushmataha ( Parfin & Gurney 1956); Johnston (ONHS), Latimer (DEB), Marshall (INHS, UOBS, FSCA), Ouachita (INHS). Pennsylvania: county unknown ( Carpenter 1940). Tennessee: county unknown ( Isom 1968). Texas: Bosque ( Carpenter 1940), Dallas, Goliad ( Parfin & Gurney 1956), Sutton ( Carpenter 1940); Anderson (TAMU); Bastrop (INHS, MEM), Bexar (DEB), Bosque (USNM), Brazos, Bowie, Burleson (TAMU), Dimmit (TAMU), [Goliad] (USNM); Hardin (USNM, TAMU), Gonzales (DEB), Hemphill (USNM), Leon, Jasper, Limestone, Montgomery, Newton (TAMU), Robertson (DEB, TAMU), San Jacinto (TAMU, MEM, BYUC), Titus (DEB), Travis, Tyler, Walker, Williamson (TAMU), Wood (DEB). Vermont: county unknown ( Carpenter 1940). Virginia: county unknown ( Carpenter 1940), [Fairfax] ( Parfin & Gurney 1956), (BYUC); Louisa (BYUC). Wisconsin: [Lincoln, Jefferson] ( Parfin & Gurney 1956), Barron, Green Lake, Florence, Langlade, Marinette, Marquette, Oconto, Vilas, Waupaca ( Throne 1971); [LaCrosse] (FSCA), Oneida (AMNH).

New State Records. CANADA. Nova Scotia: Shelburne Co., West Branch Roseway River, hwy 203, Lower Ohio, 24-VI-1993, Baumann & Kondratieff, 1 male (BYUC); Yarmouth Co., Clyde River, hwy. 203, Flintsone Rock, 24-VI-1993, Baumann and Kondratieff, 1 male (BYUC). UNITED STATES. Kentucky: Hart Co., 4.8 mi NNW Horse Cave, 23-V-1987, E. A. Lisowski, BL trap on Green River, 1 female (INHS); McCreary Co., Cumberland River, Cumberland Falls State Park, hwy 90, 11 -V-1988, Baumann, Kircher, Kondratieff & Nelson, 1 male (BYUC). South Carolina: Aiken Co., Upper Three Runs, 4-VI-1984, B. C. Kondratieff, 1 male (BYUC); [Darlington Co.], Society Hill, Cedar Creek, 4-V-1944, Frison & Ross, 1 male (INHS); Greenwood Co., Saluda River at SC hwy 34 bridge downstream from dam, 25-VII-1974, Sanderson & Unzicker, blacklight trap, 5 females (INHS). West Virginia: Hampshire Co., North River Mill, 30-VI-1990, C. R. Nelson, R. F. Whitcomb, 1 male (BYUC); Ohio Co., Wheeling, 4- VI-2002, Baumann & Kondratieff, 1 male, 2 females (BYUC).

Figures

FIGURES 1 – 10. Structures of larval Sisyridae. 1 – 2. Abdominal tergite 6, tubercle group, left side, dorsal (redrawn from Pupedis 1980): 1. Climacia. 2. Sisyra. 3 – 4. Mesothoracic sclerite, right side, dorsal: Climacia spp: 3. C. areolaris and C. chapini. 4. C. californica, (redrawn from Pupedis 1980). 5 – 6. Abdominal segment 6, lateral turbercle (redrawn from Pupedis 1980): 5. C. areolaris. 6. C. chapini. 7 – 8. Abdominal segment 1, ventral gill: 7. S. nigra and S. vicaria (redrawn from Weissmair & Waringer 1994). 8. S. apicalis. 9 – 10. Abdominal segment 5, lateral tubercle (redrawn from Poirrier & Arcenaux 1972): 9. S. nigra and S. vicaria. 10. S. apicalis.

FIGURES 15 – 17. Forewings of Climacia. 15. Climacia chapini. 16. Climacia areolaris. 17. Climacia californica

FIGURES 18 – 26. Male and female terminalia of Climacia (modified from Parfin & Gurney 1956). 18 – 20. Climacia chapini: 18. Male, lateral, with gonarcus complex beneath; 19. Male, dorsal; 20. Female, lateral. 21 – 23. Climacia areolaris: 21. Male, lateral, with gonarcus complex beneath; 22. Male dorsal; 23. Female, lateral. 24 – 26. Climacia californica: 24. Male, lateral, with gonarcus complex shown beneath; 25. Male, dorsal; 26. Female, lateral.