Panoquina jay Grishin, 2023

Zhang, Jing, Cong, Qian & Grishin, Nick V., 2023, Supplementary Materials and Appendix, Insecta Mundi 2023 (26), pp. 1-115 : 78-79

Panoquina jay Grishin , new species

https://zoobank.org/ B6EEC7CF-A0A4-4AB2-BB1D-14F036CB0D20

( Fig. 8 part, 193–194, 430–431)

Definition and diagnosis. Phylogenetic trees reveal that a specimen from Peru with a general appearance of

Panoquina bola Bell, 1942 (type locality in Bolivia) shows prominent genetic differentiation from all named relatives without strong affinity to any of them ( Fig. 8): e.g., their COI barcodes differ by 6.5% (43 bp) and, therefore, represents a new species. This new species keys to P. bola (O.2.9) in Evans (1955) but differs from it and other relatives by broader ventral hindwing discal band of uniform width and extending into the cell CuA 2 - 1A+2A on chestnut ground color and a smaller forewing spot in the cell M 2 -M 3. Due to the lack of additional specimens and unknown phenotypic variation, most reliable identification is achieved by DNA and a combination of the following base pairs is diagnostic in the nuclear genome: aly1041.32.2:T54C, aly1019.32.2:A169C, aly221.7.14:A63T, aly10226.12.4:A54G, aly971.2.12:C129G, aly481.23.3:C109C (not A), aly481.23.3:T117T (not C), aly927.1.16:C177C (not T), aly171.7.2:C69C (not T), aly531.29.1:A138A (not G), and COI barcode: T49C, A67G, A251T, A433G, A550G.

Barcode sequence of the holotype. Sample NVG-8064, GenBank OR837711, 658 base pairs: AACTTTATATTTTATTTTTGGAATTTGAGCAGGTATATTAGGTACTTCCTTAAGTTTATTAATTCGGACAGAATTAGGAAATCCTGGATCTTTAATT GGAGATGATCAAATTTATAATACCATCGTTACAGCTCATGCTTTTATTATAATTTTTTTTATAGTTATACCTATTATAATTGGAGGATTTGGTAATT GATTAGTTCCTTTAATATTAGGAGCTCCTGATATAGCATTCCCTCGTATAAATAATTTAAGATTTTGAATACTACCTCCTTCTTTAACTTTATTAAT TTCAAGAAGTATTGTAGAAAATGGAGCAGGTACAGGTTGAACTGTTTATCCCCCCCTTTCTTCTAATATTGCTCATCAAGGAGCTTCTGTTGATTTA GCAATTTTTTCCCTTCATTTAGCAGGTATTTCATCAATCTTAGGGGCTATTAATTTTATTACTACAATTATTAATATACGAATTAAAAATTTATCAT TTGATCAAATACCTTTATTTGTATGATCCGTTGGAATTACAGCCTTATTATTACTTTTATCTTTGCCAGTTTTAGCTGGAGCTATTACTATACTTTT AACTGATCGAAATTTAAATACTTCATTTTTTGACCCTGCTGGAGGGGGGGATCCAATTTTATATCAACATTTATTT

Type material. Holotype: ♂ currently deposited in the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA ( USNM), illustrated in Fig. 193–194, bears the following five rectangular labels, four white: [ PERU: Loreto Prov. | Rio Amazonas , 200m | Explorama Lodge | 50 mi E Iquitos | 12-16 Sept. 1990 | Brian P. Harris], [DNA sample ID: | NVG-8064 | c/o Nick V. Grishin], [genitalia | NVG170208-49 | Nick V.

Grishin], [USNMENT | {QR Code} | 01321904], and one red [HOLOTYPE ♂ | Panoquina | jay Grishin ]. Type locality. Peru: Loreto Province, 50 mi E Iquitos, Amazon River, Explorama Lodge, elevation 200 m.

Etymology. The name reflects the white band on the ventral hindwing, which reminds us of the letter J (jay). The name is a noun in apposition.

Distribution. Currently known only from the holotype collected in northeastern Peru.