Philodoria knudseniiella Kobayashi, Johns & Kawahara

Kobayashi, Shigeki, Johns, Chris A. & Kawahara, Akito Y., 2021, Revision of the Hawaiian endemic leaf-mining moth genus Philodoria Walsingham (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae): its conservation status, host plants and descriptions of thirteen new species, Zootaxa 4944 (1), pp. 1-175 : 81-82

Philodoria knudseniiella Kobayashi, Johns & Kawahara sp. n.

Figs. 17A–C , 47I , 48I , 49I , 58K , 62I, J .

Parectopa naenaeiella Swezey, 1940: 462–463 .

Philodoria naenaeiella ( Swezey, 1940) ; Zimmerman 1978a: 685–686, figs. 443, 449, 457, 458 (Misidentification).

Type locality. Alakai (Kauai).

Etymology. The specific epithet is derived from the host plant species name, knudsenii .

Type material. Holotype ♂, Alakai, Kauai, 11.vii.2015 (stored), C.A. Johns leg., 20.vi.2015, host: Dubautia knudsenii subsp. nagate, CJ 480, SK862♂ in BPBM. Paratype 2♀: 1♀, same locality and data as holotype, CJ480, SK 863 in BPBM. 1♀, Kumuwela, Kauai, 10.iii.1928, O.H. Swezey Collector ex Unknown Composite [ Dubautia latifolia identified by Zimmerman (1978a)], ‘ syntype of Parectopa [= Philodoria ] naenaeiella ’, Z-I-10-66-A, 34241 in BPBM. The holotype was preserved as a dry pinned specimen by placing four wings without mountant under a coverslip.

Diagnosis. Dark brown forewing with four outwardly oblique white streaks: wider ds 1–3 and cs 3 ( Fig. 17A–C ). Similar to P. naenaeiella (Swezey) and P. hesperomanniella sp. n., but distinguished from P. naenaeiella by the ds 1 reaching midway across the wing and from P. hesperomanniella by the wider ds 1–3 and indistinct fuscous patch from dorsal 3/4 to apex instead of bluish patch. Male genitalia differ from that of P. hesperomanniella by the digitiform saccus and rather slender valva; the apical region of the valva is slender and incurved. Female genitalia differ from those of P. naenaeiella and P. hesperomanniella by the rather semicircular lamella antevaginalis.

Description: Adult ( Fig. 17A–C ). Wingspan 9.3 mm in paratype; forewing length 4.1–4.3 mm in holotype, 4.1–4.4 mm in paratype. Head pure white, with brown scales posteriorly; frons white to ocherous; maxillary palpus white with dark brown scales; labial palpus white, second segment broadly infuscated apically, third segment with slight infuscation near base and near apex. Antenna pale brownish, basal segment paler and white beneath, about 1.3x length of forewing. Thorax dark brown anteriorly and white posteriorly colosed with dark brown scales. Forewing dark brownish with three outwardly oblique white dorsal streaks, to a point about midway across the wing: the wider ds 1 at near base, ds 2 about at dorsal 2/5, ds 3 at dorsal 2/3; a slender outwardly oblique white cs 3 from 3/5 terminating a little distad from apex of ds 3 with some fuscous scales; all of the white streaks margined with a few black scales; apical portion orange and three white costal spots (a, b, c) between cs 3 and apex, separated by fuscous scales; cilia fuscous with distinct darker fuscous basal line, with few white spots at apex, dorsal cilia blackish. Hindwing and cilia grayish fuscous. Abdomen grayish brown and white beneath. Legs brown, tarsi white banded.

Male genitalia ( Figs. 47I , 48I , 49I ) (n=1). Capsule 1020 µm. Tegumen 0.8 x length of valva; valva 780 µm long, widened at basal half and tapering along costal margin from 2/5 to apex, becoming very narrow and slightly curved inward ( Fig. 47I ). Saccus digitiform in ventral view ( Fig. 48I ). Phallus 780 µm long, straight with developed coecum; a series of fine cornuti on vesica ( Fig. 49I ).

Female genitalia ( Figs. 58K , 62I ) (n=3). Similar to P. naenaeiella . 1430 µm long. Ostium bursae large; antrum cup-shaped with a pair of lateral lobes; lamella antevaginalis 290 µm, weakly sclerotized, slightly inflexed on the posterior margin, widening toward anterior margin of A7. Ductus bursae short and middle region weakly sclerotized, round and flat; terminus of ductus bursae tubular, biforked. Corpus bursae 800 µm, oblong; signa a pair of longitudinal, partly sclerotized wrinkles.

Distribution. Kauai.

Host plants. Asteraceae : Dubautia knudsenii subsp. nagate (H. St. John) G. D. Carr and D. latifolia (A. Gray) D. D. Keck.

Biology. Unknown, but it is presumably similar to that of P. naenaeiella .

Figures

FIGURE 17. Adults of Philodoria knudseniiella sp. n. A holotype lateral view (CJ480/SK862), B Same, dorsal view, C Same, right wings, D Paratype female right wings (CJ480/SK863), E Paratype female (34241 BPBM slide Z-I-10-66-A). Scale bar 1 mm.

FIGURE 47. Left valva of Philodoria, inner view. A P. wilkesiella, Maui, PHIL0007, B P. epibathra, Molokai, SK678, C P. dubauticola, Maui, SK646, D P. dubautiella, paralectotype, Oahu SK726, E P. alakaiensis, paratype, Kauai, SK660, F P. limahuliensis, holotype, Kauai, SK731, G P. hibiscella, Oahu, SK684, H P. naenaeiella, paralectotype, Oahu, SK691, I P. knudseniiella, holotype Kauai, SK862, J P. hesperomanniella, holotype, Maui, SK831.

FIGURE 48. Genital capsule of Philodoria, excluding right portion of male genitalia, ventral view. A P. wilkesiella, Maui, PHIL0007, B P. epibathra, Molokai, SK678, C P. dubauticola, Maui SK646, D P. dubautiella, paralectotype, Oahu, SK733, E P. alakaiensis, paratype, Kauai, SK660, F P. limahuliensis, holotype, Kauai, SK731, G P. hibiscella Oahu SK684, H P. naenaeiella paralectotype, Oahu, SK691, I P. knudseniiella, holotype, Kauai, SK862, J P. hesperomanniella, holotype, Maui, SK831.

FIGURE 49. Phallus of Philodoria, lateral view. A P. wilkesiella, Maui, PHIL0007, B P. epibathra, Molokai, SK678, C P. dubauticola, Maui, SK812, D P. dubautiella, paralectotype, Oahu, SK733 E P. alakaiensis, paratype, Kauai, SK660, F P. limahuliensis, holotype, Kauai, SK731, G P. hibiscella, Oahu, SK684, H P. naenaeiella, paralectotype, Oahu, SK691, I P. knudseniiella, holotype, Kauai, SK862, J P. hesperomanniella, holotype, Maui, SK831.

FIGURE 58. Female genitalia of Philodoria. A P. wilkesiella, SK761, B P. epibathra, SK679, C P. dubauticola, SK645, D Same species, PHIL0008, E P. dubautiella, SK692, F P. alakaiensis, paratype, SK659, G Same species, lateral view, H P. hibiscella, SK723, I P. naenaeiella, SK703, J Same species, SK834, K P. knudseniiella, paratype, SK863, L P. hesperomanniella, paratype, SK832, M Same species, SK620.

FIGURE 62. Images of genitalia and wing vein mounts prepared by E. C. Zimmerman. A–E: P. lysimachiella, male, Oahu, Z- XII-20-62-1, F–H: P. molokaiensis, paralectotype female, Molokai, I, J: P. knudseniiella, paratype female, Kauai, Z-I-10-66-A. A Phallus, lateral view, B Entire genitalia except phallus, ventral view, C Dorsal flap, D Pair of coremata, E, G J Abdominal segments, F, G Z-XII-19-62-26, F, I Female genitalia, ventral view, H Same species, left wing veins, Z-XII-20-65.