Echinotriton andersoni ( Boulenger, 1892 )
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publication ID |
https://doi.org/ 10.26879/503 |
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persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0149542F-5C3A-3531-5BC2-B71C3FB83161 |
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treatment provided by |
Felipe |
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scientific name |
Echinotriton andersoni ( Boulenger, 1892 ) |
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Echinotriton andersoni ( Boulenger, 1892) View in CoL — Anderson’s Crocodile Newt
Figure 8 View FIGURE 8
Occurrence (MNI). Minatogawa: 1; Sashiki (lower unit): 92.
Referred material. Minatogawa: 3 postatlantal precaudal vertebrae ( YMHF-MA 016) and 1 femur (right: YMHF-MA 017); Sashiki (lower unit): 30 maxillae (11 right and 19 left: RUMF-GF-04045), 13 frontals (7 right and 6 left: RUMF-GF-04046), 1 parietal-prootic-exoccipital (RUMF-GF-04047), 18 squamosals (9 right and 9 left: RUMF-GF-04048), 5 quadrates (3 right and 2 left: RUMF-GF-04049), 70 dentaries (28 right and 42 left: RUMF-GF-04050), 11 atlantes (RUMF-GF-04051), 290 postatlantal precaudal vertebrae (RUMF-GF-04052), 181 ribs (89 right and 92 left: RUMF-GF-04053), 144 humeri (68 right and 76 left: RUMF- GF-04054), and 163 femora (71 right and 92 left: RUMF-GF-04055).
Axial skeletons. Referred postatlantal precaudal vertebrae ( Figure 8.1–8.4 View FIGURE 8 ) differ from those of cryptobranchids and hynobiids in having an opisthocoelous centrum and a high neural spine, and from those of Cynops examined in having a heavily sculptured horizontal dermal plate on the neural spine (also seen in atlantes: Figure 8.5, 8.6 View FIGURE 8 ); the zygapophyses that position below the level of the dorsal edges of the diapophyses (except the axis and the sacrum); a massive and laterally wide condyle without precondylar constriction; and the parapophyses without fringing laminae at the anterior margins (except the sacrum and a few presacral vertebrae). The referred atlantes differ from those of Cynops in having developed crests on the lateral sides of the neural arch.
Cranial and postcranial skeletons. The fossil specimens of the parietal-prootic-exoccipital ( Figure 8.7 View FIGURE 8 ), maxillae ( Figure 8.8 View FIGURE 8 ), and frontals are referred to this species on the basis of having an extensive dermal ossification with numerous pits, which is a diagnostic feature of Echinotriton and the related Tylototriton (see Estes, 1981). Likewise, the quadrate ( Figure 8.9 View FIGURE 8 ) with a distinct spine on the posterodistal corner (an Echinotriton synapomorphy: Nussbaum and Brodie, 1982; Cai and Fei, 1984) and the pointed rib ( Figure 8.11 View FIGURE 8 ) with 0–4 spine-like and dorsally projecting epipleural processes (>1 processes is a unique character state seen in E. andersoni : Nussbaum and Brodie, 1982) confirm the taxonomic allocation.
Several other elements of referred specimens differ from those of syntopic C. ensicauda (see above) in having a robust dentary ( Figure 7.10 View FIGURE 7 ) with a deep subdental ditch throughout the medial side of the tooth row and a notch for the prearticular that extends anteriorly to the posterior one-third of the bone; a robust and well-waisted humerus ( Figure 8.12 View FIGURE 8 ) without thinning or ridging in the radial margin; and a twisted femur ( Figure 8.13 View FIGURE 8 ) with a flat flexor surface of the fibular condyle and a distally extending ridge at the trochanter.
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