Peucedanum officinale L. subsp. album Martinez-Fort & Donat-Torres, 2019

Martinez-Fort, Javier, Leon, Maela & Donat-Torres, Maria P., 2019, A new subspecies of Peucedanum officinale L. subsp. album (Apiaceae) from the eastern part of the Iberian Peninsula, PhytoKeys 131, pp. 37-55 : 45-47

Peucedanum officinale L. subsp. album Martinez-Fort & Donat-Torres subsp. nov.

Diagnosis.

Peucedanum officinale L. subsp. album can be morphologically distinguished by the canaliculated leaflets, inflorescences without dominant terminal umbels, which are often sessile and lateral, with few rays (3) 5-9 (12), umbellules with (7) 10-16 (18) raylets, white-petalled flowers and fruits with a fructiferous raylet as long as or shorter than the length of the fruits.

Type.

Valencia, Tavernes de la Valldigna, eastern spurs of the Serra de les Agulles mountain range, on both ascents to Pic Massalari. 39,09°N, - 0,284°W. 300 m alt. Rocky calcareous soil. 23-IX-2012. J. Martínez-Fort (Holotype: VAL 223161! Figure 2 ).

Description.

Perennial plant with stem (0.24) 0.41-0.98 (1.3) m high and 2.1-4.6 (6.3) mm in diameter at the base, branching from the lower 1/3-1/2, striate, glabrous. Basal leaves 4- or 5- (6-) ternate, triangular in outline, (190) 257-538 (630) mm in length; petioles cylindrical, (42)53-171(250) mm long, sheathing at the base; linear terminal leaflets, (31.3) 47.9-83.7 (94.4) mm × 0.3 to 0.6 (0.7) mm, canaliculate, length/width ratio of (50) 70-126 (166) range, angle between the closest divisions of the terminals (30) 32-66 (90) degrees and (45) 111-180 degrees between the outermost leaf divisions. Cauline leaves, decreasing in size towards the apex of stems, but with enlarged sheaths. The first leaf on stem from the basal rosette leaf 3-4 (5) times ternate, with terminal divisions of (1.8) 6.5-36.4 (40.8) mm of length and canaliculated. The uppermost ones reduced to the sheath.

Inflorescence without a primary or dominant umbel, umbels arranged along the axis of inflorescence, sometimes sessile and lateral. Umbels compound, rays (3) 5 to 9 (12), inner rays shorter (2.8) 4- 24.3 (42.6) mm, outer rays (15.7) 17.7-52.6 (83.7) mm, bracts 0 or 1 (2), linear-triangular, (0.6) 0.7 × 1.1 (1.3) mm. Umbellules with (7) 10 to 16 (18) raylets, bracteoles (4) 6 to 9, linear, gradually widened towards base. Flowers hermaphroditic, sepals 5 triangular, inconspicuous; petals 5, white, inflexed tips; stamens 5, alternate; stylopodium conical, similar in length to the styles; styles parallel at anthesis, becoming divergent in fruiting. Fruits dorsally compressed, elliptical, size (5.1)5.8-6.9 (7.1) × (2.6) 3.3-4.7 (5) mm, apex slightly off emarginated; mericarps homomorphic; median and lateral prominent ribs, apex slightly off emarginated; marginal ribs prominently winged, wings (0.2) 0.4-1 (1.1) mm, wide; commissural vittae 2; vallecular vittae 4; commissure very broad, from wing tip to wing tip. Raylets (1.8) 2.8-5.3 (6.1) mm long. The raylets length/fruit length ratio ranging from (0.3) 0.5-0.8 (1).

Distribution and habitat.

It is dispersed in the thermomediterranean sub-humid bioclima ( Rivas-Martínez 2004) on rocky soils of limestone and sandstone at the base and crest of cliffs and rocky slopes. Contacting with wet fringes of Rubio longifoliae-Quercetum rotundifolie Costa, Peris and Figuerola ( Costa et al. 1983), together with ash and arbutus. With abundant populations on the coastal and southern foothills of the Iberian system (Serra de les Agulles) and on the northern coastal foothills of the external Prebaetic system (Serra Grossa) ( Figure 3 ).

Phenology.

Flowering July to October.

Paratypes.

SPAIN. Valencia: Alzira. Serra de la Murta, 30SYJ2934; on rocky outcrops, 25-IX-2011; J. Martínez-Fort (VAL 223162!, Figure 1B ; Valencia: Corbera de Alzira, 30SYJ23; J. Borja (VAL 154996!; Figure 1 C–D ); Valencia: Favara, Serra de Corbera, 30SYJ33, 5-IX-1986; G. Mateo & al. (VAL 117826!).

Key to the subspecies of Peucedanum officinale

Figures

Figure 1. A Maps of studied populations B P. officinale subsp. album. Spain. Valencia: Alzira. Serra de la Murta, 30 SYJ 2934; on rocky outcrops, 25 - IX - 2011; J. Martinez-Fort (VAL 223162!) C-D P. officinale subsp. album. Spain. Valencia: Corbera de Alzira, 30 SYJ 23; J. Borja (VAL 154996!).

Figure 2. Holotype of Peucedanum officinale subsp. album from Tavernes de la Valldigna, Valencia (VAL 223161!). Photos taken in the field: A flowers B sessile umbel with three rays C fruits. Photos taken with a stereomicroscope D Mericarp E fruit cross-section F leaf underside and bundle.

Figure 3. Map of Peucedanum officinale subsp. album (squares) and P. officinale subsp. officinale (triangles) on the Valencian Community region (Spain). The thermoclimatic bioclima types of the region are indicated in colour.

Figure 4. Types of bundle leaf A Flat-bundle leaflet of Peucedanum officinale subsp. officinale B Canaliculated-bundle leaflet of Peucedanum officinale subsp. album. A comparison of the other subspecies of P. officinale C Peucedanum officinale subsp. officinale D P. officinale subsp paniculatum. E P. officinale subsp. longifolium. Vouchers: C C. Perez. (MA 152463) D L. Serra & A. Bort, (MA 623316) E, F Cernoch, (MA 310966).