Sigara (Vermicorixa) lateralis ( Leach, 1817 )

Kment, Petr & Carapezza, Attilio, 2022, Heteroptera (Hemiptera) of the Socotra Archipelago I: Introduction, Nepomorpha, Gerromorpha and Leptopodomorpha, Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae (Acta. Ent. Mus. Natl. Pragae) 62 (2), pp. 475-519 : 481-484

Sigara (Vermicorixa) lateralis ( Leach, 1817)

( Fig. 3 )

Corixa lateralis Leach, 1817: 17 (original description). Neotype (designated by JANSSON 1986:84):♂, Great Britain:S England (BMNH).

Corixa hieroglyphica Dufour, 1833: 214 (original description). Syntype (s): France, Saint-Sever (not located – see JANSSON 1986: 84). Synonymized by KIRKALDY (1900a: 10).

Corisa fieberi Wallengren, 1855:143 (original description). Syntypes (s): Sweden, Skåne, Trolle-Ljungby, Blekesjö (lost – see JANSSON 1986: 84). Synonymized by DOUGLAS (1875: 137) with C. hieroglyphica .

Corisa vaga Wallengren, 1855: 143 (original description). Syntypes (s): Sweden, Skåne, Trolle-Ljungby (lost – see JANSSON 1986:84). Synonymized by DOUGLAS (1875: 137) with C. hieroglyphica .

Arctocorisa kilimandjaronis Kirkaldy, 1908: 23 (original description). Lectotype (designated by JANSSON 1986: 84): ♂, Tanzania, Kilimanjaro, Natronsjärne [= soda lakes] (NHRS). Downgraded to subspecies of S. hieroglyphica by HUTCHINSON (1932b: 328), synonymized by JANSSON (1986: 84).

Sigara lateralis nakurui Poisson, 1959 in LINDBERG (1959): 130 (original description). Lectotype (designated by JANSSON 1986: 85): ♂, Cape Verde Islands, São Vicente Island, Mindelo (MZHF). Synonymized by JANSSON (1986: 84, 85).

Published records. WRANIK (1999): Diksamplateau; WRANIK (2000, 2003): Socotra (no exact record).

Material examined. SOCOTRA: Mountain way to Noged, xi.1997, 2 ♂♂, W. Wranik lgt. ( WWRG → NMPC).

Identification. LUNDBLAD (1928, as Arctocorisa kilimandjaronis ) (redescription, figures); JANSSON (1986) (key, diagnosis, figures); LINNAVUORI et al. (2011) (diagnosis, habitus photo).

Habitat. In Socotra collected only once without providing details on its habitat. In Europe and Asian Russia, it occurs in various types of stagnant and slowly running waters (though avoiding dystrophic ones), being tolerant to salinity and pollution (e.g., WRṒBLEWSKI 1980, SAVAGE 1989, KANYUKOVA 2006). In the Near East, it is common in pools, slowly flowing brooks and rivers ( JACZEWSKI 1936; LINNAVUORI 1986a, 1994 a, 2009; LINNAVUORI et al. 2011). In the Cape Verde Islands, it was collected in a salty lagoon ( LINDBERG 1959). KIRKALDY (1908) gives the collecting circumstances at Kilimanjaro as ‘brine pools and Kibonoto [= Kibongoto] low lands’; JANSSON (1986) specified the habitat at Kilimanjaro as ‘soda lakes’. In Kenya, it was collected in the Great Rift Valley at the north end of the alkaline Nakuru Lake [1754 m a.s.l.] as well as in a pool in gravel-pit near the lake ( HUTCHINSON 1932b), and also in the nearby freshwater Naivasha Lake [1884 m a.s.l.] ( JACZEWSKI 1933). Species with excellent migratory abilities known from many islands of the Mediterranean and Macaronesia (see JANSSON 1986 and Distribution below), commonly collected at light (e.g., PRIESNER & ALFIERI 1953; LINNAVUORI 1986a, 1994a; LINNAVUORI et al. 2011).

Distribution. Afrotropical Region: Cape Verde Islands ( LINDBERG 1959), Kenya ( HUTCHINSON 1932b, JACZEWSKI 1933, both as S. hieroglyphica kilimandjaronis ; POISSON 1963, as S. lateralis kilimandjaronis ), Tanzania (Kilimanjaro env.) ( KIRKALDY 1908, as Arctocorisa kilimandjaronis ).

Palaearctic Region: Europe: Albania ( JOSIFOV 1970), Austria ( RABITSCH 2005), Belgium ( STOFFELEN et al. 2013), Bosnia Herzegovina ( PROTIĊ 1998), Bulgaria ( JOSIFOV 1960), Byelorussia ( LUKASHUK 1997, KANYUKOVA 2006), Croatia ( PROTIĊ 1998, KMENT & BERAN 2011), Czech Republic ( HOBERLANDT 1977), Denmark (SKIPPER & TOLSGAARD 2013), Estonia ( COULIANOS 2005), Finland (RINTALA & RINNE 2010), France ( DUFOUR 1833, as C. hieroglyphica ; POISSON 1957e; ELDER 2017), Germany ( HOFFMANN & MELBER 2003), Great Britain ( LEACH 1817, SAVAGE 1989), Greece ( ZIMMERMANN 1982), Hungary ( BODA et al. 2015), Ireland ( SAVAGE 1989), Italy ( SERVADEI 1967), Kazakhstan (European Territory) ( JANSSON 1986: in map), Liechtenstein ( BERNHARDT 1992), Luxembourg ( GEREND 1993), Malta ( SCHEMBRI 1993, CARAPEZZA & MIFSUD 2015), Moldavia ( DERZHANSKY 1997), Montenegro (GLIGOROVIĊ et al. 2016), Netherlands ( AUKEMA et al. 2002), North Macedonia ( PROTIĊ 1998), Norway ( COULIANOS 1998), Poland (WRṒBLEWSKI 1980), Portugal ( NIESER 1983, KMENT 2006), Romania ( PAINA 1975), Russia (Central and South European Territory) ( KANYUKOVA 2006), Serbia ( PROTIĊ 1998), Slovakia (REDUCIENDO- KLEMENTOVÁ et al. 2015), Slovenia ( PROTIĊ 1998, GOGALA 2003), Spain ( NIESER & MONTES 1984), Sweden ( WALLENGREN 1855, as C. fieberi and C. vaga ; COULIANOS & OSSIANNILSSON 1976), Switzerland ( HECKMANN & BLÖCHLINGER 2011), Ukraine (incl. Crimea) ( PUTSHKOV & PUTSHKOV 1996, KANYUKOVA 2006), Turkey (European part) ( HOBERLANDT 1952, FENT et al. 2011). North Africa: Algeria ( BENSLIMANE et al. 2019), Azores ( RIBES & BORGES 2005), Canary Islands (ROCA- CUSACHS et al. 2020), Egypt ( JACZEWSKI 1936, LINNAVUORI 1964), Libya ( ECKERLEIN & WAGNER 1970; EL- MEGHRABI 2009, as S. alateralis ), Madeira ( LINDBERG 1961, as S. l. nakurui; HOBERLANDT 1967, as S. l. nakurui), Morocco ( GHEIT 1995, TAYBI et al. 2018), Salvagens Islands ( POISSON 1957e), Tunisia ( CARAPEZZA 1997, SLIMANI et al. 2015). Near East and Central Asia: Afghanistan ( HOBERLANDT 1961), Armenia ( KANYUKOVA 2006, BERCHI et al. in press), Azerbaijan ( KANYUKOVA 2006, BERCHI et al. in press), Egypt: Sinai ( ROYER 1914, PRIESNER & ALFIERI 1953, GADALLA 1999), Cyprus ( LINDBERG 1948), Georgia ( KANYUKOVA 2006, BERCHI et al. in press), Iran ( GHAHARI et al. 2013), Iraq ( BROWN 1951, LINNAVUORI 1994b), Israel ( LINNAVUORI 1960), Jordan ( KATBEH et al. 2000), Kazakhstan (Asian Part) ( BESKOKOTOV 1996, KANYUKOVA 2006, ESENBEKOVA 2008), Lebanon ( NIESER & MOUBAYED 1985, JANSSON 1995, no exact record), Kirgizia ( KANYUKOVA 2006), Saudi Arabia ( BROWN 1951, LINNAVUORI 1986a), Socotra ( WRANIK 2000, 2003), Syria ( BROWN 1953a), United Arab Emirates ( LINNAVUORI et al. 2011), Tajikistan ( KIRITSHENKO 1959, 1964; KANYUKOVA 2006), Turkmenistan ( KANYUKOVA 2006), Turkey (Asian Part) ( HOBERLANDT 1952, FENT et al. 2011), Uzbekistan ( KANYUKOVA 2006), Yemen ( BROWN 1951, LINNAVUORI 1989b). East Palaearctic: China: Northern, Northwestern, and Southwestern Territory ( JANSSON 1995), Hebei ( LIU & BU 2009), Inner Mongolia ( NONNAIZAB 1999), Shaanxi ( BU & LIU 2016), Xinjiang ( HUTCHINSON 1940, JACZEWSKI 1961, KANYUKOVA et al. 2016), Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu) ( HAYASHI et al. 2001, 2016), Mongolia ( JACZEWSKI 1961, JACZEWSKI & WRṒBLEWSKI 1975, KANYUKOVA 1976), Russia (Far East, West Siberia) ( KANYUKOVA 1973, 2001, 2006; VINOKUROV et al. 2010). Oriental Region: India (Jammu and Kashmir) ( HUTCHINSON 1940, THIRUMALAI 2007), Pakistan (Khyber Pakhtunkhwa) ( HEISS et al. 2021a).

The records from Namibia ( HESSE 1925, as Corixa hieroglyphica ) are considered erroneous ( HUTCHINSON 1929, 1932b). Also the records from Ethiopia (Ogaden) and Somalia (Obbia) by DE CARLINI (1892, as Corisa hieroglyphica ) cannot be accepted without revision (see also HUTCHINSON 1932b). The disjunct distribution of S. lateralis in Sub-Saharan Africa was discussed by HUTCHINSON (1933). Also the records from India outside Kashmir (see THIRUMALAI 2007) require revision (see HUTCHINSON 1940).

Figures

Figs 1–4. 1 – Micronecta eupompe Hutchinson, 1930, ♂, wadi Zerig (2.77 mm); 2 – Sigara hoggarica Poisson, 1929, ♂, wadi Zerig (6.01 mm); 3 – Sigara lateralis (Leach, 1817), ♂, mountain way to Noged (4.80 mm); 4 – Ochterus papaceki Kment & Carapezza, 2020, ♂, wadi Matyaf (body length 4.58 mm). (Orig. A. Carapezza: Fig. 1, P. Kment: Figs 2–3, M. Tkoč: Fig. 4).