taxonID	type	description	language	source
03CA878C4646FFD8FF19FC6AFC95FB6E.taxon	description	Class-Actionopterygii Order- Batrachoidiformes Family- Batrachoididae	en	Saren, Saresh Chandra, Dutta, Sayani, Ruj, Rituparna, Das, Anindita, Pillai, Honey U. K. (2025): New distributional range of the grunting toadfish, Allenbatrachus grunniens (Linnaeus, 1758) and the maned goby, Oxyurichthys microlepis (Bleeker, 1849) from Goa, India. Records of the Zoological Survey of India 125 (2): 187-191, DOI: 10.26515/rzsi/v125/i2/2025/172875, URL: https://doi.org/10.26515/rzsi/v125/i2/2025/172875
03CA878C4646FFD8FF19FC6AFC95FB6E.taxon	description	(Fig. 2 a) Description: The examined specimens exhibited distinctive morphological characteristics, including a body adorned with dark, marbled patterns and a head region characterised by a concentration of cirri interspersed throughout the mandibles. Furthermore, the species exhibited pointed and flattened cranial structures, along with a distinctly protruding lower jaw. Gill openings were present at the base of the pectoral fins. The subopercular regions consisted of two spines. No axillary foramen was observed along the base of the pectoral fins. The measured morphometric characters included Total Length (measured from the tip of the snout to the tip of the caudal fin) (168.3 – 193 mm), Standard Length (measured from the tip of the snout to the base of the caudal fin) (144.6 – 164 mm), Head Length (from the tip of snout to the operculum) (55.3 – 63.8 mm), Body Depth (depth of the body at its maximum) (21.9 – 39.4 mm), Snout Length (from the tip of the snout to the eyes) (6.4 – 11.3 mm), Pre-dorsal Length (from the tip of the snout to the base of the dorsal fin), Pre-anal Length (from the tip of the snout to the base of the anal fin), Length of pectoral fin (from the base to the tip of the longest fin ray), Length of caudal fin (from the base to the tip of the longest fin ray), Caudal peduncle length (from the end of anal fin to the beginning of the caudal fin), Caudal peduncle depth Inter-orbital length (distance between the eyes) and Eye Diameter. The standard length was measured as 82.2 – 97.4 % in Total Length. The head length was measured as 37.8 – 39 % in terms of the Standard Length. The body depth was 15.2 – 24.4 % of the Standard Length. The pre-dorsal Length measured as 30.2 – 38.8 % of the Total Length and 36.8 – 39.8 % of the Standard Length. The pre-anal Length was 50.5 – 57.1 % of Total Length and 58.6 – 65.7 % of Standard Length. The pectoral fin measured 17.9 – 26.2 % in Standard Length, the caudal fin was 20.5 – 24.9 % in Standard Length, Caudal peduncle length was 5.5 – 7 % in Standard Length, Caudal peduncle depth was 3.8 – 3.9 % in Standard Length. The Snout Length was 11.6 – 17.7 % of Head Length, the Inter-orbital Length was 18 – 37.5 % of Head Length, and the Eye Diameter was 14.4 – 23.9 % of Head Length. Among the meristic characters, the dorsal fin consisted of three spines and 21 rays, the pectoral fin had 22 fin rays, the pelvic fin consisted of one spine and two rays and the anal fin had 16 rays. Distribution: This species is known to be distributed along the Eastern Indian Ocean in the western Pacific region, from the Indian coast to the Myanmar region east to the Philippines and across eastern Indonesia (Fricke et al., 2025). In India, Allenbatrachus grunniens is found along both the coasts encompassing the states of Orissa, West Bengal, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Maharashtra and Gujarat (Talwar & Jhingran, 1991; Barman et al., 2012; Barman et al., 2013; Parmar et al., 2015; Joshi et al., 2016; Dash et al., 2020; Ray et al., 2022).	en	Saren, Saresh Chandra, Dutta, Sayani, Ruj, Rituparna, Das, Anindita, Pillai, Honey U. K. (2025): New distributional range of the grunting toadfish, Allenbatrachus grunniens (Linnaeus, 1758) and the maned goby, Oxyurichthys microlepis (Bleeker, 1849) from Goa, India. Records of the Zoological Survey of India 125 (2): 187-191, DOI: 10.26515/rzsi/v125/i2/2025/172875, URL: https://doi.org/10.26515/rzsi/v125/i2/2025/172875
03CA878C4645FFD9FF3CFA43FE20FF3A.taxon	description	Description: The fish had a body covered in cycloid scales, with its head region fully scaled from the nape to the membranous crest, extending further into the preopercle. The opercle and cheek region were naked, and the prepelvic area was covered with 8 - 14 smallscale rows. The abdomen, trunk and caudal regions were scaled. Gill openings extended forward under the midopercular region. Most of the gill rakers present on the outer face of the first gill arch were triangular, whereas gill rakers on the inner face of the gill arch other than the first one were blade-like in their appearance. The tip of the tongue was rounded in shape, the upper lip was slightly indented in nature, and the upper jaw contained about 16 – 22 teeth present in a single row. Teeth in the lower jaw were present in a single band, with inner and outermost rows more prominent. For the two studied specimens, the morphometric measurements such as the Standard Length (from the tip of the snout to the base of the caudal fin) (71 mm and 89.5 mm), Head Length (from the tip of the snout to the operculum) (15.5 mm and 24 mm), Snout Length (from the tip of the snout to the eye) (4.6 mm and 5.3 mm), Depth at posterior preopercular margin (depth at the posterior portion of the preoperculum), Head Width at posterior preopercular margin (width of head at posterior part of preoperculum), Upper Jaw Length, Interorbital Length (length between two eyes), Body Depth at Anal Origin (depth of body at the origin of the anal origin), Caudal Peduncle Length (from the anal fin to the base of the caudal fin) and Caudal Peduncle Depth were measured. The Head Length was measured as 21.8 – 26.8 % of the Standard Length. The Body Depth at anal origin was measured as 14.8 – 20 % in Standard Length. The Caudal Peduncle Length was 9 – 14 % in and the Caudal Peduncle Depth was 8.3 – 12 % in Standard Length. The Depth at the posterior pre-opercular margin was 66.5 – 69.1 % in Head Length, Head Width at posterior preopercular margin was 67.1 – 69.7 % in Head Length, Upper Jaw Length was 41.9 – 46.7 % in Head Length, Snout Length was 22.1 – 26.9 % in Head Length and interorbital length was 9 – 12.5 % in Head Length. Among the measured meristic characters, the first dorsal fin consisted of six soft spines, and the second dorsal fin had one soft spine and 12 soft rays. The pectoral fin had 20 and 22 soft rays, the pelvic fin contained five soft rays and the anal fin consisted of one spine and 13 soft rays. The lateral line scales were 41 and 46 in number. Distribution: This particular species is found to be distributed along the Indo-West Pacific region from Pakistan and India to the east of Indonesia, north of Vietnam and Hainan, China, in the Queensland region (Fricke et al., 2025). Along the Indian waters, it has been recorded from Chennai, Odisha and Andhra Pradesh along the east coast (Ravi & Rajkumar, 2007; Suresh et al., 2018; Ray et al., 2022), Maharashtra and Karnataka along the west coast (Barman et al., 2012; Braman et al., 2013; Parmar et al., 2015) and also from the Andaman Islands (Pezold & Larson, 2015).	en	Saren, Saresh Chandra, Dutta, Sayani, Ruj, Rituparna, Das, Anindita, Pillai, Honey U. K. (2025): New distributional range of the grunting toadfish, Allenbatrachus grunniens (Linnaeus, 1758) and the maned goby, Oxyurichthys microlepis (Bleeker, 1849) from Goa, India. Records of the Zoological Survey of India 125 (2): 187-191, DOI: 10.26515/rzsi/v125/i2/2025/172875, URL: https://doi.org/10.26515/rzsi/v125/i2/2025/172875
