identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03CBF87AFFC8FFAABA3EF99394F9FA7E.text	03CBF87AFFC8FFAABA3EF99394F9FA7E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Sarmatium crassum Dana 1851	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Sarmatium crassum Dana, 1851</p>
            <p>(Fig. 1)</p>
            <p> Sarmatium crassum Dana, 1851: 251 ; H. Milne Edwards, 1853: 189; De Man, 1887: 660; Barnard, 1955: 28, fig. 9; Crosnier, 1965: 74, figs. 121–124, pl. 5, fig. 1; Serène and Soh, 1970: 397, 405 (list); Fishelson, 1971: 128, 130 (list); Davie, 1992: 81, figs. 1A, 2A–C; Ng et al., 2008: 223 (list). </p>
            <p> Sarmatium crassum [doubtful identification, not confirmed]: Nobili, 1899: 505 (list); Alcock, 1900: 426; Tesch, 1917: 215; Dev Roy and Nandi, 2012: 216 (list); Trivedi et al., 2018: 73 (list). </p>
            <p> not  Sarmatium crassum : Serène and Soh, 1970: pl. </p>
            <p> 4C, D; 1971; 237, fig. 2, pl. 2 [=  S. striaticarpus ] </p>
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                 Material Examined.   One male, CL 9.6 mm; CW: 10.6 mm, LFSc. ZRC –155, India,  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 73.76275/lat 15.63255)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=73.76275&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.63255">Goa State</a>
                 , Chapora estuary (15º37.953’N 73º45.765’E), mangrove habitat, 12 July 2016, coll. M. Bhat. 
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            <p>Diagnosis (modified from Davie, 1992). Carapace (Fig. 1a) slightly broader than long, glabrous, deeply vaulted, punctate with setae arranged sparsely on branchial lines. Regions moderately defined with mesogastric distinct. Anterolateral margins regularly convex with 2 blunt teeth behind exorbital angle. Front bilobed.Branchial ridges prominent forming series of short broken granular striations. Inner orbital tooth well developed; ocular peduncle swollen basally, cornea constricted and reduced. Chelipeds (Fig. 1a) subequal, large, robust. Merus posterior border with minutely granular striations; distinct subdistal spine; carpus with small spine at inner angle. Palm upper surface with series of transverse grooves separating swollen ridges (Fig. 1d), distal margin of ridges granular with row of 8 pectinated comb-like teeth. Dactylus (Fig. 1c) dorsal surface of males bearing 4 large, broad, chitinous tubercles proximally; first proximal tooth placed distally from articulation. Male pleon relatively narrow, third somite widest, telson subequal to the sixth somite in length, longer than wide. G1 (Fig. 1e) moderately stout; slightly curved, dorsal surface of shaft flattened with poorly developed protuberance on the distal end; apical process (Fig. 1f) corneous; strongly produced; straight.</p>
            <p>Remarks. The specimen examined in the present study agrees with the description given by Dana(1851) and Davie (1992) viz., the cheliped carpus upper surface having a large patch of tiny,flattened,squamous granules situated distally behind articulation with the palm (Fig. 1d); Palm upper surface with subparallel ridges and grooves. Cheliped dactylus with first proximal tooth placed distally from articulation.</p>
            <p> Sarmatium crassum resembles  S. striaticarpus in having the carapace broader than long (1.1 times), deeply vaulted; surface smooth, shiny, punctuate, chelipeds subequal, large and robust, ambulatory legs of medium size and compressed, G1 stout and slightly curved, dorsal surface of shaft f lattened and completely calcified. However,  S. crassum can be differentiated from  S. striaticarpus based on the following characters: all the ridges on the upper surface of the palm subparallel (Fig. 1d) (versus the proximal-most corrugated ridge is separated from the next broad groove by a triangular space in  S. striaticarpus , cf. Davie, 1992: fig. 4C), the first proximal tooth on the dactyl of the cheliped placed somewhat distally from the articulation (Fig. 1c) (versus the first proximal tooth on the dactyl of the cheliped placed almost on the very edge of the proximal end in  S. striaticarpus , cf. Davie, 1992: fig. 4B) and G1 with poorly developed protuberance located at the distal end of the shaft (Fig. 1e, f) (versus G1 with well developed protuberance in  S. striaticarpus , cf. Davie, 1992: fig. 3E). </p>
            <p> Sarmatium crassum has thus far been reported from the type locality, Samoa (Dana, 1851; 1852); South Africa (Barnard, 1955); Madagascar (Crosnier, 1965); Tanzania (Hartnoll, 1975); Eritrean coast of the Red Sea (Fishelson, 1971; Holthuis, 1977); India (present study); Philippines (Davie, 1992); Australia (McNeill, 1968; Davie, 1992); New Caledonia (Serène, 1973), and Tahiti (Davie, 1992). The records of  S. crassum by Nobili (1899) and Tesch (1917) are questionable due to the following reasons: Nobili(1899) did not provide the diagnostic characters of the specimen which was collected from Sumatra and hence it could be attributable to  S. striaticarpus . Tesch (1917) reported the species from the ‘Pacific’ only on the basis of a single female specimen lacking diagnostic characters and hence the record becomes questionable (Davie, 1992). In India, this species was recorded from the Nicobar Islands by Alcock (1900) on the basis of a single female specimen (CL 8 mm, CW 9 mm) (the specimen is not traceable in the Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata where it was deposited). This record made by Alcock (1900) also appeared in the brachyuran crab list of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands and India prepared by Dev Roy and Nandi (2012) and Trivedi et al. (2018), respectively.But according to Davie (1992), the record of  S. crassum from Nicobar Islands is doubtful because the main diagnostic character of the species, such as the presence of distinct ridges and grooves on the upper surface of the palm of chelipeds, are only present in males and not in females and therefore cannot consider it as a confirmed record. In the present study, one male specimen was collected and examined, and the distinct taxonomic characters are illustrated and described to elucidate the first confirmed report of  S. crassum from India. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CBF87AFFC8FFAABA3EF99394F9FA7E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Trivedi, Mithila Bhat Chandrashekher Rivonker Krupal Patel Jigneshkumar	Trivedi, Mithila Bhat Chandrashekher Rivonker Krupal Patel Jigneshkumar (2021): First confirmed record of Sarmatium crassum Dana, 1851 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Sesarmidae) from India. Nauplius (e 2021042) 29: 1-5, DOI: 10.1590/2358-2936e2021042, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/2358-2936e2021042
