taxonID	type	description	language	source
03D48799FFCFFFF57486FDF1FE45FCEE.taxon	description	zoobank. org / urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 437888 BB-C 3 A 8 - 4 E 2 E- 9 DFC- 02 B 29 C 043 ACD (Fig. 1, Map 1)	en	Barney, Robert J. (2020): Redescription of Four Predominantly Yellow, Densely Punctate Species of Pachybrachis Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalinae) of the Western USA, and Description of a New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 74 (4): 637-646, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-74.4.637, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/0010-065x-74.4.637
03D48799FFCFFFF57486FDF1FE45FCEE.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype. Male, labeled “ NEVADA, Clark Co. / 2.9 mi. E. Whitney Pockets, / 36.5337 ° N, 114.0908 ° W, / 1280 m, 11 - VI- 2014, / S. M. Clark & R. L. Johnson [printed, white paper] // HOLOTYPE / Pachybrachis / americanus Barney / R. J. Barney 2020 [printed, red paper] ”. Deposited in BYUC. The specimen is point-mounted with genitalia affixed to a second point. It is in excellent condition with all appendages intact. Paratypes. Twelve specimens (9 ♂♂ 3 ♀♀) are labeled “ PARATYPE / Pachybrachis / americanus Barney / R. J. Barney 2020 [printed, yellow paper] ”.	en	Barney, Robert J. (2020): Redescription of Four Predominantly Yellow, Densely Punctate Species of Pachybrachis Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalinae) of the Western USA, and Description of a New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 74 (4): 637-646, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-74.4.637, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/0010-065x-74.4.637
03D48799FFCFFFF57486FDF1FE45FCEE.taxon	description	Description. Male. Small, pale yellow, very coarsely, diffusely punctate, feebly and obscurely maculate with brown (Fig. 1); L = 1.85 – 2.02 mm (mean = 1.96 mm, n = 10); W = 1.00 – 1.10 mm (mean = 1.06 mm, n = 10); L / W = 1.82 – 1.88 (mean = 1.85, n = 10). Head: Distinctly wider than prothoracic apex, HW = 0.73 – 0.84 mm (mean = 0.79 mm, n = 10); eyes moderately separated, with ocular lines restricted to upper portion of eyes, IOD = 0.22 – 0.30 mm (mean = 0.25 mm, n = 10); IOD / HW = 0.29 – 0.36 (mean = 0.31, n = 10); face pale yellow, moderately punctate, median line descending from vertex to middle of eyes; antennae progressing from yellow to brown to black apically, not reaching elytral declivity. Pronotum: Pale yellow, densely punctate, less so at margins, with feeble and obscure M-shaped brown macula; PL = 0.56 – 0.64 mm (mean = 0.61 mm, n = 10); PW = 0.83 – 0.93 mm (mean = 0.89 mm, n = 10); PL / PW = 0.65 – 0.74 (mean = 0.68, n = 10). Elytra: Pale yellow, densely punctate, striation wanting, feebly and obscurely maculate with brown. Pygidium: Black with 2 oval conjoined yellow spots. Venter: Black with yellow side and apical margins. Legs: Yellow with brown spots, front claws of male not enlarged. Genitalia: Median lobe in en-face view reveals a pronounced extension of the postorificial length (POL), with the apicolateral margins (ALM) protruding beyond the parallel sides of the lobe into wing-like projections or alatates on either side of an extended terminus (T), thus creating a very distinctive distal en-face outline (DEO) (Fig. 1). The median lobe is relatively narrow in lateral view, with the extended T shown to be a different angle than the alatates. Three males from three USA states were dissected. Female. As in male, except L = 2.21 – 2.30 mm (mean = 2.27 mm, n = 3); W = 1.21 – 1.32 mm (mean = 1.27 mm, n = 3); L / W = 1.73 – 1.90 (mean = 1.79, n = 3); HW = 0.92 – 0.96 mm (mean = 0.94 mm, n = 3); IOD = 0.32 – 0.38 mm (mean = 0.36 mm, n = 3); IOD / HW = 0.34 – 0.41 (n = 3).	en	Barney, Robert J. (2020): Redescription of Four Predominantly Yellow, Densely Punctate Species of Pachybrachis Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalinae) of the Western USA, and Description of a New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 74 (4): 637-646, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-74.4.637, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/0010-065x-74.4.637
03D48799FFCFFFF57486FDF1FE45FCEE.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Pachybrachis americanus is named to celebrate, commemorate, and venerate the United States of America, the land of the free and home of the brave, where all people are created equal, each with the right to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.	en	Barney, Robert J. (2020): Redescription of Four Predominantly Yellow, Densely Punctate Species of Pachybrachis Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalinae) of the Western USA, and Description of a New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 74 (4): 637-646, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-74.4.637, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/0010-065x-74.4.637
03D48799FFCFFFF57486FDF1FE45FCEE.taxon	discussion	Remarks. While appearing superficially like several other yellow, densely punctate species, the aedeagal median lobe of P. americanus is very distinctive. Pachybrachis americanus is undoubtedly very closely related to P. densus; however, P. americanus is significantly larger, with prominent alatates on both sides of the extended aedeagal terminus and without the ridge-like keel of P. densus.	en	Barney, Robert J. (2020): Redescription of Four Predominantly Yellow, Densely Punctate Species of Pachybrachis Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalinae) of the Western USA, and Description of a New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 74 (4): 637-646, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-74.4.637, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/0010-065x-74.4.637
03D48799FFCFFFF57486FDF1FE45FCEE.taxon	distribution	Distribution. This species is known from four western states: Arizona, California, Nevada, and Utah (Map 1).	en	Barney, Robert J. (2020): Redescription of Four Predominantly Yellow, Densely Punctate Species of Pachybrachis Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalinae) of the Western USA, and Description of a New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 74 (4): 637-646, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-74.4.637, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/0010-065x-74.4.637
03D48799FFCFFFF57486FDF1FE45FCEE.taxon	discussion	Biological Notes. A large series of P. americanus was collected on Salicornia sp. (Amaranthaceae) in California.	en	Barney, Robert J. (2020): Redescription of Four Predominantly Yellow, Densely Punctate Species of Pachybrachis Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalinae) of the Western USA, and Description of a New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 74 (4): 637-646, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-74.4.637, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/0010-065x-74.4.637
03D48799FFCFFFF57486FDF1FE45FCEE.taxon	materials_examined	Specimens Examined. Holotype + 12 paratypes. USA: ARIZONA: Pima Co., Sabino Canyon, 10. viii. 1981, A. J. Gilbert & N. J. Smith [1 ♀, AJGC]. CALIFORNIA: Inyo Co., Westgard Pass Tollhouse Area, 25. vi. 1980, sweeping Salicornia sp., A. J. Gilbert & R. Gill [8 ♂♂ 1 ♀, AJGC]; San Diego Co., Jacumba, 26. v. 1960, D. J. & J. N. Knull [1 ♀, BYUC]. NEVADA: Clark Co., 2.9 mi E Whitney Pockets, 36.5337 o N, 114.0908 o W, 1,280 m, 11. iv. 2014, S. M. Clark & R. L. Johnson [1 ♂, HOLOTYPE, BYUC]. UTAH: Washington Co., 6. v. 1967, D. R. Harris [1 ♂, AJGC].	en	Barney, Robert J. (2020): Redescription of Four Predominantly Yellow, Densely Punctate Species of Pachybrachis Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalinae) of the Western USA, and Description of a New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 74 (4): 637-646, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-74.4.637, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/0010-065x-74.4.637
03D48799FFCDFFF576E9FCCCFBABFBD8.taxon	description	(Figs. 2, 5 a, Map 1)	en	Barney, Robert J. (2020): Redescription of Four Predominantly Yellow, Densely Punctate Species of Pachybrachis Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalinae) of the Western USA, and Description of a New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 74 (4): 637-646, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-74.4.637, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/0010-065x-74.4.637
03D48799FFCDFFF576E9FCCCFBABFBD8.taxon	materials_examined	Type. Bowditch (1909) described P. densus from a pair of specimens from Arizona. The female specimen, hereby designated paralectotype, is labeled “ Ari. // ♀ // densus / Type ♀ [hand-inked, white paper] // TYPE / F. C. B. Coll. [printed, pink paper] // Type [printed] / 8664 [hand-inked, red paper] // PARALECTOTYPE / Pachybrachys / densus Bowditch / R. J. Barney 2020 [printed, yellow paper] ”. This specimen was examined and photographed (Fig. 5 a). The male specimen, hereby designated lectotype, is labeled “ Ari. // ♂ // densus / Type ♂ [hand-inked, white paper] // TYPE / F. C. B. Coll. [printed, pink paper] // [circular blue disc signifying dissection by RJB] // LECTOTYPE / Pachybrachys / densus Bowditch / R. J. Barney 2020 [printed, red paper] ”, and was examined, dissected, and photographed (Fig. 2).	en	Barney, Robert J. (2020): Redescription of Four Predominantly Yellow, Densely Punctate Species of Pachybrachis Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalinae) of the Western USA, and Description of a New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 74 (4): 637-646, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-74.4.637, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/0010-065x-74.4.637
03D48799FFCDFFF576E9FCCCFBABFBD8.taxon	description	Redescription. Male. Small, pale dirty-yellow, very thickly, diffusely punctate (Fig. 2); L = 1.66 – 1.74 mm (mean = 1.69 mm, n = 3); W = 0.87 – 0.90 mm (mean = 0.89 mm, n = 3); L / W = 1.86 – 1.92 (mean = 1.90, n = 3). Head: Distinctly wider than thoracic apex, HW = 0.68 – 0.70 mm (mean = 0.68 mm, n = 3); eyes moderately separated, with ocular lines, IOD = 0.21 – 0.27 mm (mean = 0.23 mm, n = 3); IOD / HW = 0.32 – 0.34 (mean = 0.33, n = 3); face pale dirty-yellow, densely punctate, ocular lines close to upper lobes of eyes; antennae not reaching elytral declivity. Pronotum: Pale dirty-yellow, densely punctate; PL = 0.50 – 0.54 mm (mean = 0.52 mm, n = 3); PW = 0.71 – 0.74 mm (mean = 0.73 mm, n = 3); PL / PW = 0.69 – 0.73 (mean = 0.71, n = 3). Elytra: Pale dirtyyellow, densely punctate, striation wanting. Pygidium: Black with 2 oval yellow spots. Venter: Black with yellow side and apical margins. Legs: Yellow with brown spots, front claws of male not enlarged. Genitalia: Median lobe in en-face view reveals a pronounced extension of the POL, with the ALM extending forward on either side of a narrowly extended T (Fig. 2). The median lobe is thickened in lateral view, revealing a ridge-like keel extending up to and along the narrow projecting T. Two males from one USA state were dissected. Female. As in male, except L = 2.00 mm (n = 1); W = 1.05 mm (n = 1); L / W = 1.90 mm (n = 1); HW = 0.78 mm (n = 1); IOD = 0.25 mm (n = 1); IOD / HW = 0.32 (n = 1).	en	Barney, Robert J. (2020): Redescription of Four Predominantly Yellow, Densely Punctate Species of Pachybrachis Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalinae) of the Western USA, and Description of a New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 74 (4): 637-646, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-74.4.637, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/0010-065x-74.4.637
03D48799FFCDFFF576E9FCCCFBABFBD8.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Fall (1915) summarized P. densus as “ An easily recognized species by its small size, dull dingy yellow color and dense diffuse punctuation ”. Pachybrachis densus is undoubtedly very closely related to P. americanus; however, P. americanus is significantly larger, with prominent alatates on both sides of the extended aedeagal terminus and without the ridge-like keel of P. densus.	en	Barney, Robert J. (2020): Redescription of Four Predominantly Yellow, Densely Punctate Species of Pachybrachis Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalinae) of the Western USA, and Description of a New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 74 (4): 637-646, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-74.4.637, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/0010-065x-74.4.637
03D48799FFCDFFF576E9FCCCFBABFBD8.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Riley et al. (2003) reported this species from Arizona and California (Map 1).	en	Barney, Robert J. (2020): Redescription of Four Predominantly Yellow, Densely Punctate Species of Pachybrachis Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalinae) of the Western USA, and Description of a New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 74 (4): 637-646, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-74.4.637, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/0010-065x-74.4.637
03D48799FFCDFFF576E9FCCCFBABFBD8.taxon	materials_examined	Specimens Examined. Lectotype, paralectotype + 1 specimen. USA: ARIZONA: Unknown county [1 ♂ 1 ♀, LECTOTYPE & PARALECTOTYPE, MCZ-BOW]; Morrison, Hubbard & Schwarz Collection [1 ♂, Fall 1915 Revis., USNM].	en	Barney, Robert J. (2020): Redescription of Four Predominantly Yellow, Densely Punctate Species of Pachybrachis Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalinae) of the Western USA, and Description of a New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 74 (4): 637-646, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-74.4.637, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/0010-065x-74.4.637
03D48799FFCDFFF374CDFBA6FED0FEA9.taxon	description	(Fig. 5 b, Map 1)	en	Barney, Robert J. (2020): Redescription of Four Predominantly Yellow, Densely Punctate Species of Pachybrachis Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalinae) of the Western USA, and Description of a New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 74 (4): 637-646, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-74.4.637, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/0010-065x-74.4.637
03D48799FFCDFFF374CDFBA6FED0FEA9.taxon	materials_examined	Type. Fall’ s (1915) designated P. insidiosus holotype is a female, labeled “ ♀ [printed, white paper] // Tempe / Ari. / 3 / 28 / 82 [hand-inked, white paper] // on date / palm / Ckll. [hand-inked, white paper] // TYPE [printed] / insidiosus [hand-inked, white paper] // H. C. FALL / COLLECTION [printed, white paper] // M. C. Z. / Type [printed] / 24944 [hand-inked, red paper] ”. This specimen was examined and photographed (Fig. 5 b).	en	Barney, Robert J. (2020): Redescription of Four Predominantly Yellow, Densely Punctate Species of Pachybrachis Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalinae) of the Western USA, and Description of a New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 74 (4): 637-646, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-74.4.637, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/0010-065x-74.4.637
03D48799FFCDFFF374CDFBA6FED0FEA9.taxon	description	Redescription. Male. Fall (1915) reported that “ A male from ‘ Ari’ is quite surely identical ”; however, this male was not found. Therefore, the following redescription is based entirely upon Fall’ s description of a male that he was not sure was P. insidiosus: Pale grayish yellow, thickly and entirely confusedly brown-punctate, feebly and obscurely maculate with brown. Female. L = 2.27 mm (n = 1); W = 1.46 mm (n = 1); L / W = 1.56 mm (n = 1); HW = 0.85 mm (n = 1); IOD = 0.39 mm (n = 1); IOD / HW = 0.46 (n = 1).	en	Barney, Robert J. (2020): Redescription of Four Predominantly Yellow, Densely Punctate Species of Pachybrachis Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalinae) of the Western USA, and Description of a New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 74 (4): 637-646, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-74.4.637, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/0010-065x-74.4.637
03D48799FFCDFFF374CDFBA6FED0FEA9.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Pachybrachis americanus keys out in Fall’ s Group C as P. insidiosus. While sharing most characteristics, P. americanus does not have an entirely pale pygidium, and body beneath is black rather than brown. Coloration differences do not regularly suffice to separate closely related species of Pachybrachis. Unfortunately, with no known male specimen of P. insidiosus, a comparison of aedeagal median lobes cannot be made. Fall believed P. insidiosus to be very similar to P. immaculatus.	en	Barney, Robert J. (2020): Redescription of Four Predominantly Yellow, Densely Punctate Species of Pachybrachis Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalinae) of the Western USA, and Description of a New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 74 (4): 637-646, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-74.4.637, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/0010-065x-74.4.637
03D48799FFCDFFF374CDFBA6FED0FEA9.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Riley et al. (2003) reported this species from Arizona (Map 1).	en	Barney, Robert J. (2020): Redescription of Four Predominantly Yellow, Densely Punctate Species of Pachybrachis Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalinae) of the Western USA, and Description of a New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 74 (4): 637-646, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-74.4.637, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/0010-065x-74.4.637
03D48799FFCDFFF374CDFBA6FED0FEA9.taxon	discussion	Biological Notes. This original type specimen of this species was noted as collected on date palm, Phoenix dactylifera L. (Arecaceae). It is unknown if this is in fact a host plant or accidental occurrence.	en	Barney, Robert J. (2020): Redescription of Four Predominantly Yellow, Densely Punctate Species of Pachybrachis Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalinae) of the Western USA, and Description of a New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 74 (4): 637-646, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-74.4.637, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/0010-065x-74.4.637
03D48799FFCDFFF374CDFBA6FED0FEA9.taxon	materials_examined	Specimens Examined. USA: ARIZONA: Maricopa Co., Tempe, 28. iii. 1882, Cockerell [1 ♀, TYPE, MCZ-FALL].	en	Barney, Robert J. (2020): Redescription of Four Predominantly Yellow, Densely Punctate Species of Pachybrachis Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalinae) of the Western USA, and Description of a New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 74 (4): 637-646, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-74.4.637, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/0010-065x-74.4.637
03D48799FFCBFFF0769AFEABFBBEFDA2.taxon	description	(Figs. 3, 5 c, Map 1)	en	Barney, Robert J. (2020): Redescription of Four Predominantly Yellow, Densely Punctate Species of Pachybrachis Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalinae) of the Western USA, and Description of a New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 74 (4): 637-646, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-74.4.637, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/0010-065x-74.4.637
03D48799FFCBFFF0769AFEABFBBEFDA2.taxon	materials_examined	Type. Jacoby (1889) described P. immaculatus from three Mexican specimens. Only one of these specimens is currently present in MCZ. This specimen, hereby designated lectotype, is a female labeled “ H. H. S. [hand-inked] / Mexico City [printed, white paper] // 1 st Jacoby / Coll. [printed, white paper] // P. immaculatus / Jac. [hand-inked, blue paper] // Type [printed] / 8785 [hand-inked, red paper] // LECTOTYPE / Pachybrachys / immaculatus Jacoby / R. J. Barney 2020 [printed, red paper] ”. This specimen was examined and photographed (Fig. 5 c).	en	Barney, Robert J. (2020): Redescription of Four Predominantly Yellow, Densely Punctate Species of Pachybrachis Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalinae) of the Western USA, and Description of a New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 74 (4): 637-646, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-74.4.637, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/0010-065x-74.4.637
03D48799FFCBFFF0769AFEABFBBEFDA2.taxon	description	Redescription. Male. Dull yellow with brown punctures (Fig. 3); L = 1.87 – 2.56 mm (mean = 2.12 mm, n = 9); W = 1.04 – 1.36 mm (mean = 1.15 mm, n = 9); L / W = 1.79 – 1.91 (mean = 1.84, n = 9). Head: Wider than thoracic apex, HW = 0.69 – 0.92 mm (mean = 0.79 mm, n = 9); eyes moderately separated with ocular lines, IOD = 0.20 – 0.28 mm (mean = 0.23 mm, n = 9); IOD / HW = 0.25 – 0.33 (mean = 0.30, n = 9); face dull yellow, densely punctate, ocular lines close to upper lobes of eyes; antennae not reaching elytral declivity. Pronotum: Dull yellow, densely punctate, less so at margins, with feeble and obscure M-shaped brown macula; PL = 0.76 – 0.88 mm (mean = 0.70 mm, n = 9); PW = 0.92 – 1.24 mm (mean = 1.04 mm, n = 9); PL / PW = 0.65 – 0.71 (mean = 0.68, n = 9). Elytra: Dull yellow, submarginal stria fairly regular, marginal interspace devoid of punctures in apical half. Pygidium: Yellow, brown at base. Venter: Brown with yellow side and apical margins. Legs: Yellow with brown spots, front claws of male not enlarged. Genitalia: Median lobe in en-face view rounded with large orificial space resulting in much-reduced POL and small nodule. Lateral view shows ridge-like keel extending from mid-lobe to nodule. Six males from three USA states and Mexico were dissected. Female. As in male, except L = 2.20 – 2.95 mm (mean = 2.58 mm, n = 7); W = 1.23 – 1.65 mm (mean = 1.39 mm, n = 7); L / W = 1.77 – 1.99 (mean = 1.85, n = 7); HW = 0.77 – 1.07 mm (mean = 0.94 mm, n = 7); IOD = 0.27 – 0.39 mm (mean = 0.31, n = 7); IOD / HW = 0.28 – 0.37 (mean = 0.66, n = 7).	en	Barney, Robert J. (2020): Redescription of Four Predominantly Yellow, Densely Punctate Species of Pachybrachis Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalinae) of the Western USA, and Description of a New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 74 (4): 637-646, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-74.4.637, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/0010-065x-74.4.637
03D48799FFCBFFF0769AFEABFBBEFDA2.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Pachybrachis immaculatus keys out to couplet 7 in Fall’ s (1915) Group B key with P. jacobyi, P. densus, and now P. americanus. However, P. immaculatus differs from the other species by the fairly regular submarginal elytral stria and marginal interspace devoid of punctures in apical half.	en	Barney, Robert J. (2020): Redescription of Four Predominantly Yellow, Densely Punctate Species of Pachybrachis Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalinae) of the Western USA, and Description of a New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 74 (4): 637-646, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-74.4.637, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/0010-065x-74.4.637
03D48799FFCBFFF0769AFEABFBBEFDA2.taxon	distribution	Distribution. This species is most likely a primarily Mexican species with a northern range extending into extreme southwestern border areas of USA (Map 1).	en	Barney, Robert J. (2020): Redescription of Four Predominantly Yellow, Densely Punctate Species of Pachybrachis Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalinae) of the Western USA, and Description of a New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 74 (4): 637-646, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-74.4.637, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/0010-065x-74.4.637
03D48799FFCBFFF0769AFEABFBBEFDA2.taxon	discussion	Biological Notes. McClay et al. (1995) reported larval and adult stages of P. immaculatus feeding on Parthenium hysterophorus L. (Asteraceae) in areas of Mexico and Texas. The following plants were reported on labels and probably represent incidental adult associations only: Domesticated jojoba, Simmondsia chinensis (Link) C. K. Schneid. (Simmondsiaceae); corn, Zea mays L. (Poaceae); cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L. (Malvaceae) in Mexico; carrot, Daucus carota L. (Apiaceae) in California.	en	Barney, Robert J. (2020): Redescription of Four Predominantly Yellow, Densely Punctate Species of Pachybrachis Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalinae) of the Western USA, and Description of a New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 74 (4): 637-646, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-74.4.637, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/0010-065x-74.4.637
03D48799FFCBFFF0769AFEABFBBEFDA2.taxon	materials_examined	Specimens Examined. Lectotype + 16 specimens. MEXICO: Mexico City, H. H. Smith, 1 st Jacoby Collection [1 ♀, LECTOTYPE, MCZ-BOW]; Sonora, Ciana Casta Hillo, 5. v. 1978, ex. domesticated jojoba, F. Gonzalez [1 ♂, BYUC]; same data, except 31. viii. 1975, ex. Gossypium hirsutum [1 ♂, BYUC]; same data, except 25. ix. 1975, ex. corn [1 ♀, BYUC]. USA: ARIZONA: Cochise Co., San Bernardino Ranch, 3. vii [1 ♂, det. H. C. Fall, USNM]. CALIFORNIA: Orange Co., Tustin, 15. xii. 1943, ex. carrot, D. H. Byers [1 ♂ 1 ♀, BYUC]. TEXAS: Cameron Co., Brownsville, 1. v. 1904, H. S. Barber [1 ♂, Fall 1915 Rev., USNM]; vicinity of Sabal Palm Grove, 5 - 6. v. 1989, A. J. Gilbert [1 ♂ 6 ♀♀, AJGC]; Resaca de las Palmas State Park, 26. ix. 1996, S. M. Clark [1 ♂, BYUC]; Kenedy Co., 6 mi S Sarita, 8. v. 1999, S. M. Clark [1 ♂, BYUC].	en	Barney, Robert J. (2020): Redescription of Four Predominantly Yellow, Densely Punctate Species of Pachybrachis Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalinae) of the Western USA, and Description of a New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 74 (4): 637-646, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-74.4.637, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/0010-065x-74.4.637
03D48799FFC8FFFF74C7FD88FE24FC61.taxon	materials_examined	Type. Bowditch (1909) examined many specimens from five US states for his description without explicitly designating a type; however, he labeled two specimens as “ Type ” with the following labels: “ ♂ // St. George / Utah, July / Wickham [printed, white paper] // jacobyi ♂ [handinked, white paper] // TYPE / F. C. B. Coll. [printed, pink paper] // Type [printed] / 8658 [handinked, red paper] ” and “ ♀ // St. George / Utah, July / Wickham [printed, white paper] // jacobyi ♀ [handinked, white paper] // TYPE / F. C. B. Coll. [printed, pink paper] ”. Both of these specimens had a small, corked vial attached to the pin that presumably contained genitalia. No attempt was made to open these vials as a number of “ cotypes ” (see Specimens Examined), as labeled by Bowditch, were available for aedeagal dissection. A male, hereby designated lectotype, labeled “ ♂ // St. George / Utah, July / Wickham [printed, white paper] // jacobyi cotype [hand-inked, white paper] // [circular blue disc signifying dissection by RJB] // LECTOTYPE / Pachybrachys / jacobyi Bowditch / R. J. Barney 2020 [printed, red paper] ”, was examined, dissected, and photographed (Fig. 4).	en	Barney, Robert J. (2020): Redescription of Four Predominantly Yellow, Densely Punctate Species of Pachybrachis Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalinae) of the Western USA, and Description of a New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 74 (4): 637-646, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-74.4.637, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/0010-065x-74.4.637
03D48799FFC8FFFF74C7FD88FE24FC61.taxon	description	Redescription. Male. Moderately robust, pale, whitish-grayish yellow, densely and diffusely punctate (Fig. 4); L = 2.31 – 2.53 mm (mean = 2.45 mm, n = 6); W = 1.18 – 1.36 mm (mean = 1.27 mm, n = 6); L / W = 1.90 – 1.96 (mean = 1.93, n = 6). Head: Wider than thoracic apex, HW = 0.92 – 1.02 mm (mean = 0.97 mm, n = 6); eyes widely separated, with ocular lines, IOD = 0.35 – 0.42 mm (mean = 0.38 mm, n = 6); IOD / HW = 0.36 – 0.41 (mean = 0.39, n = 6); face whitish-grayish yellow, densely and diffusely punctate, ocular lines blackish above eyes, fading to colorless; antennae not reaching elytral declivity. Pronotum: Whitish-grayish yellow, less densely punctate, even less so at margins; PL = 0.72 – 0.82 mm (mean = 0.77 mm, n = 6); PW = 1.02 – 1.13 mm (mean = 1.07 mm, n = 6); PL / PW = 0.70 – 0.73 (mean = 0.71, n = 6). Elytra: Whitish-grayish yellow, densely and diffusely punctate, submarginal stria semi-regular. Pygidium: Yellow. Venter: Dark brown to blackish with yellow side and apical margins. Legs: Yellow, front claws of male not enlarged. Genitalia: Median lobe in en-face view with large oval OS, rounded ALM joining to form very large T, with setae visible on either side. Lateral view reveals a slight ALA with setae, no ridges or keel. Three males from three USA states were dissected. Female. As in male, except L = 2.46 – 3.20 mm (mean = 2.73 mm, n = 10); W = 1.26 – 1.72 mm (mean = 1.43 mm, n = 10); L / W = 1.86 – 1.97 (mean = 1.92, n = 10); HW = 0.91 – 1.24 mm (mean = 1.06 mm, n = 10); IOD = 0.36 – 0.53 mm (mean = 0.45, n = 10); IOD / HW = 0.36 – 0.48 (mean = 0.42, n = 10).	en	Barney, Robert J. (2020): Redescription of Four Predominantly Yellow, Densely Punctate Species of Pachybrachis Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalinae) of the Western USA, and Description of a New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 74 (4): 637-646, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-74.4.637, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/0010-065x-74.4.637
03D48799FFC8FFFF74C7FD88FE24FC61.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Pachybrachis jacobyi is easily separated from the other primarily yellow, densely punctate species described here by its large size, broad face with widely spaced eyes, and distinctive aedeagal median lobe.	en	Barney, Robert J. (2020): Redescription of Four Predominantly Yellow, Densely Punctate Species of Pachybrachis Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalinae) of the Western USA, and Description of a New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 74 (4): 637-646, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-74.4.637, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/0010-065x-74.4.637
03D48799FFC8FFFF74C7FD88FE24FC61.taxon	distribution	Distribution. This species is known from California to Texas and north to Colorado and South Dakota in the USA (Map 1).	en	Barney, Robert J. (2020): Redescription of Four Predominantly Yellow, Densely Punctate Species of Pachybrachis Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalinae) of the Western USA, and Description of a New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 74 (4): 637-646, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-74.4.637, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/0010-065x-74.4.637
03D48799FFC8FFFF74C7FD88FE24FC61.taxon	discussion	Biological Notes. Clark et al. (2004) cited Hymenoclea sp. (Asteraceae), Atriplex sp. (Amaranthaceae), and Adenostoma fasciculatum Hook. & Arn. (Rosaceae) as potential host plants.	en	Barney, Robert J. (2020): Redescription of Four Predominantly Yellow, Densely Punctate Species of Pachybrachis Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalinae) of the Western USA, and Description of a New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 74 (4): 637-646, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-74.4.637, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/0010-065x-74.4.637
03D48799FFC8FFFF74C7FD88FE24FC61.taxon	materials_examined	Specimens Examined. Types, cotypes, lectotype + 6 specimens. USA: ARIZONA: Navajo Co., Winslow, Wickham [1 ♀, COTYPE, MCZ-BOW]; unknown county, Ariz. [1 ♂ 1 ♀, “ COTYPES, called livens by Jacoby ”, MCZ-BOW]; Arizona, Morrison, Hubbard and Schwarz Collection [1 ♂ 1 ♀, Fall 1915 Revis., MCZ-BOW]. CALIFORNIA: Lassen Co., Amedee, 4,200 ft., 21 - 28. vii, Wickham [3 ♀♀, COTYPES, MCZ-BOW]; Mono Co., Bridgeport, 6,465 ft., 12 - 15. vii, Wickham [1 ♂ 1 ♀, COTYPES, MCZ-BOW]. COLORADO: Alamosa Co., 4 - 10 mi N jct. 160 on hwy. 150, 12. vii. 1995, E. G. Riley [2 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀, EGR # 86, RJBC]. UTAH: Washington Co., St. George, vii, Wickham [2 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀, TYPES & COTYPES, MCZ-BOW].	en	Barney, Robert J. (2020): Redescription of Four Predominantly Yellow, Densely Punctate Species of Pachybrachis Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cryptocephalinae) of the Western USA, and Description of a New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 74 (4): 637-646, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-74.4.637, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/0010-065x-74.4.637
