taxonID	type	description	language	source
03DE914CFFC11F36DD912776F2E2FD3E.taxon	description	GenBank nrITS.: PQ 283976 and PQ 284036. Type: — INDIA, Arunachal Pradesh: East Kameng District, Khenewa, 27 ° 36 ′ 34.69 ″ N, 93 ° 00 ′ 54.17 ″ E, on roadside soil mound, elev. 1133 m, 09 - 11 - 2022, S. Nayaka and A. Debnath 22 - 047565 (LWG-holotype and isotype). Diagnosis: — Basidiomata unbranched, terete to fusiform, aduncate flexed, white to off-white when fresh and hydrated, turning russet brown upon drying. Sterigmata four, basidiospores with a noticeable adaxially concave surface. Description: — Thallus terricolous, forming thin, light to dark green crust, 7 – 16 cm diam., prothallus absent, photobiont chlorococcoid, 5 – 11 μm diam., spherical to ellipsoid or slightly angular, smooth, contiguous in groups, wrapped by a single layer of hyaline fungal hyphae, 3 – 6 μm thick, clamp connections absent. Basidiomata simple, solid, solitary, surface smooth to a little rugulose, glabrous, epruinose, barely flattened sideways, terete to fusiform having an aduncate flexure, rarely straight, 12 – 16 mm high, 1.5 – 2 mm diam., white to off white when fresh and hydrated, turning russet brown upon drying, hymenium tissue covering the upper part of the basidiomes. The section of basidiomata composed of two layers; outwards loosely organized, perpendicular basidia resembling hyphae, 20 – 25 μm high and inwards concentrated, isodiametric, parallel, thin-walled, densely agglutinated hyphal strand lacking clamp connection, 120 – 140 μm thick. Trama composed of thin-walled, unbranched, tightly adhered, septate, parallel hyphae, 5.6 – 7.1 μm thick, lacking clamp connection. Globose, oil drop like materials always present in the tissue, 2 – 7 µm diam. Basidia subclavate to clavate, guttulate with inflated apex, thin walled, hyaline, 21.4 – 29.6 × 10.4 – 12.6 µm, with four short sterigmata. Sterigmata thin, slender, 2.5 – 3.6 × 1.0 – 1.9 µm, lacking clamp connection. Basidiospores smooth, thin walled, aseptate, hyaline, reniform, inamyloid (7.1 –) 7.4 – 8.6 (– 8.9) × (3.0 –) 3.4 – 3.7 (– 3.9) µm, L = 7.6 µm, W = 3.9 µm, Q = (1.8 –) 1.9 – 2.2 (– 2.3), Qm = 1.94, N = 25, often guttulate with hilar appendix, lacking a basal clamp. Basidioles numerous, resembling sterile basidia, lacking sterigmata, parallelly arranged in the hymenial element, 25.2 – 31.4 × 9.4 – 13.1 µm, thin walled, hyaline, pyriform, apex with vesicle like globose swelling, sometimes guttulate. Hymenial cystidia like elements absent. Chemistry: — Thallus and hymenophore K−, C−, KC−, P−; no substances detected by TLC. Etymology: — The species epithet refers to its type locality Arunachal Pradesh. Distribution and ecology: — Sulzbacheromyces arunachalensis is recorded from East Kameng district of Arunachal Pradesh at an elevation of 1133 m, growing on the moist upright surface of soil mound along roadside. Remarks: — Sulzbacheromyces arunachalensis is characterized by its whitish, curved, terete, unbranched basidiomata 12 – 16 × 1.5 – 2 mm; lacking prothallus and clamp connection; clavate basidia 21.4 – 29.6 × 10.4 – 12.6 µm, inflated apex, guttulate; sterigmata four and reniform spores 7.1 – 8.9 × 3.0 – 3.9 µm. It is close to Asian species S. bicolor phylogenetically by having white basidiomata, however S. bicolor differs by having silvery white prothallus, notably longer, branched, clavarioid or cylindrical bicolored basidiomata (3 – 23 × 0.3 – 1 mm), along with the presence of inflated colon like hyphae and clamp connections. Sulzbacheromyces arunachalensis and S. fossicola display white basidiomata, but S. fossicola is clearly distinguished by its clavarioid to cylindrical, once or twice-branched basidiomata from the base. Sulzbacheromyces arunachalensis is similar to Neotropical species S. leucodontius in exhibiting white basidiomata; however, S. leucodontius differs in having significantly longer basidiomata (6 – 25 × 0.6 – 0.9 mm) with inflated base, sterigmata two and comparatively smaller ellipsoid basidiospores (3 × 6 µm). With its white basidiomata the new species macro-morphologically also distinguished form S. caatingae (dull orange-pink to dull yellow basidiomata), S. chocoensis (reddish orange to yellowish basidiomata), S. miomboensis (deep orange to reddish orange basidiomata), S. sinensis (yellow, orange to red orange basidiomata), S. tutunendo (reddish orange to yellowish orange basidiomata) and S. yunnanensis (yellow to orange basidiomata). The new species consistently differs from all other species of the genus in having distinct and uniform curved basidiomata when young, regardless of the substrate angle. Detailed comparison of Sulzbacheromyces arunachalensis with other taxa is provided in Table 2.	en	Debnath, Ambikesh, Nayaka, Sanjeeva, Joseph, Siljo, Ngangom, Roshinikumar (2025): New species and new records of the basidiolichen Sulzbacheromyces (Lepidostromataceae) from India. Phytotaxa 683 (3): 189-204, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.683.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.683.3.1
03DE914CFFCC1F35DD912240F61EF7CD.taxon	description	Description: — Thallus terricolous, forming a thin, dark green crust on soil, 9 – 17 cm across. Photobiont chlorococcoid, spherical to angular, contiguous, 8.4 – 11.1 × 8.2 – 8.7 µm diam., encircled by a hyaline, fungal hyphae, 2.1 – 4.4 µm thick. Prothallus white, gray or silver, composed of mycelium. Basidiomata simple, smooth, clavarioid to cylindrical shape, rarely branched, 15 – 22 mm high, 0.5 – 1 mm in wide, bicolored, when fresh pale yellow to orange at the tip, remaining area white, turning beige when dry. Apex acute to pointed, base slightly inflated, with hymenium tissue in the upper part of the basidiomata. Trama composed of thin walled, clamped, hyaline, densely agglutinated, inflated, colon shaped parallel hyphae, 4.1 – 7.4 µm thick, with oil drop like substances, 3.3 – 6.5 µm diam. Basidia thin walled, subclavate to clavate, guttulate, 31 – 40 × 6.2 – 7.8 µm, sterigmata two – four, 3.1 – 5.7 × 1.2 – 1.8 µm. Basidiospores (6.1 –) 6.4 – 8.3 (– 8.6) × (4.5 –) 4.9 – 6.5 (– 6.7) µm, L = 7.3 µm, W = 5.9 µm, Q = (1 –) 1.1 – 1.3 (– 1.4), Qm = 1.24, N = 25; ellipsoid, hyaline, thin-walled, smooth, guttulate with hilar appendix. Basidioles clavate, thin walled, hyaline, 28.7 – 37.3 × 5.2 – 6.8 µm. Chemistry: — Thallus and hymenophore K−, C−, KC−, P−; no substances detected by TLC. Distribution and ecology: — Sulzbacheromyces bicolor was previously reported by Liu et al. (2018) from two localities in southwestern Yunnan Province of China. It is a new distributional record for India collected from Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, and Nagaland between 78 and 1099 m elevation. The sample of Multiclavula vernalis (17 - 033657 LWG) reported from Dima Hasau, Assam by Mishra et al. (2019) was studied in detail. However, this sample belongs to S. bicolor owing to its chlorococcoid photobiont and silver-grey thallus (Ertz et al. 2008; Sulzbacher et al. 2012; Hodkinson et al. 2014, Sanders & Masumoto 2021). Specimens examined: — INDIA, Arunachal Pradesh: East Kameng District, Khenewa, 27 ° 36 ′ 34.85 ″ N, 93 ° 00 ′ 54.02 ″ E, on roadside soil bank, elev. 1099 m, 10 - 11 - 2022, S. Nayaka and A. Debnath 22 - 047567 (LWG), GenBank nrITS PQ 283975; Assam: Dima Hasau District, Umrangso, on soil, elev. 500 – 652 m, 06 - 05 - 2017, D. K. Upreti, R. Verma and B. A. Khan 17 - 033657 (LWG); Assam: Karbi Anglong district, Belanchu village, 26 ° 34 ′ 18.3 ″ N, 93 ° 23 ′ 45.5 ″ E, on soil, elev. 78 m, 03 - 06 - 2018, S. Nayaka, S. Joseph and R. Ngangom 18 - 028461 (LWG); Manipur: Tengnoupal District, Indo- Myanmar Road, 24 ° 20 ′ 22.2 ″ N, 94 ° 13 ′ 36.3 ″ E, on roadside soil bank, elev. 603 m, 09 - 06 - 2018, S. Nayaka, S. Joseph and R. Ngangom 18 - 028510 (LWG); Nagaland: Mokokchung District, Mariani Mokokchung Road, 26 ° 25 ′ 57.3 ″ N, 94 ° 23 ′ 1.1 ″ E, on soil, elev. 427 m, 27 - 09 - 2018, R. Ngangom 18 - 029068 (LWG).	en	Debnath, Ambikesh, Nayaka, Sanjeeva, Joseph, Siljo, Ngangom, Roshinikumar (2025): New species and new records of the basidiolichen Sulzbacheromyces (Lepidostromataceae) from India. Phytotaxa 683 (3): 189-204, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.683.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.683.3.1
03DE914CFFCC1F35DD912240F61EF7CD.taxon	description	Description: — Thallus terricolous, forming a dark green, thin crust on the soil, prothallus absent. Photobiont chlorococcoid, in clusters, globose to angular, contiguous, 8 – 10 μm diam., enclosed by thin, hyaline fungal hyphae, 1 – 2.1 μm thick. Basidiomata solid, simple to sparingly branched, clavarioid to fusiform, heliciform with prominent longitudinal grooves not developing into transverse cracks at maturity, orange, turning ochraceous when dry, apex obtuse to truncate, ending abruptly, 32 – 50 mm high and 1.5 – 2 mm wide, surface flaky, hymenium tissue covering the upper part of basidiomata. Trama with densely agglutinated, parallel, clamped, hyaline hyphae, 4 – 6.4 μm thick. Basidia oblong, subclavate to clavate, hyaline, apex inflated, 40 – 55 × 6.3 – 7.5 μm, with four sterigmata, 5.2 – 5.8 × 1.1 – 1.9 µm. Basidiospores (8.5 –) 9.1 – 11.5 (– 11.9) × (3.8 –) 4.2 – 5.6 (– 5.9) µm, L = 9.9 µm, W = 4.8 µm, Q = (1.8 –) 1.9 – 2.2 (– 2.4), Qm = 2.04, N = 25, ellipsoidal to elongate cylindrical, smooth, thin walled, hyaline with hilar appendix, rarely guttulate. Basidioles thin walled, hyaline, clavate 38.6 – 48.8 × 5.1 – 5.9 µm. Distribution and ecology: — Earlier, the species was known from Yunnan Province of China (Liu et al. 2018) and Thailand (Suwannarach et al. 2019). The species is a new report for India collected from the Senapati District of Manipur where it was growing on soil at an elevation of 1158 m. Specimen examined: — INDIA, Manipur: Senapati District, Henbung, EMRC campus area, 25 ° 13 ′ 43.00 ″ N, 94 ° 00 ′ 9.9 ″ E, on soil, elev. 1158 m, 12 - 06 - 2018, S. Nayaka, S. Joseph and R. Ngangom 18 - 029060 (LWG), GenBank nrITS PQ 158543.	en	Debnath, Ambikesh, Nayaka, Sanjeeva, Joseph, Siljo, Ngangom, Roshinikumar (2025): New species and new records of the basidiolichen Sulzbacheromyces (Lepidostromataceae) from India. Phytotaxa 683 (3): 189-204, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.683.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.683.3.1
