identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03DE2938FF9EBB5304BAF9FF582607CA.text	03DE2938FF9EBB5304BAF9FF582607CA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Fuscoporia nebularis Comin, Alves-Silva & Drechsler-Santos 2024	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Fuscoporia nebularis Comin, Alves-Silva &amp; Drechsler-Santos sp. nov. Figs. 2, 3 </p>
            <p>MycoBank #850660</p>
            <p> Diagnosis: —Similar to  Fuscoporia wahlbergii and  F. torulosa , but  F. nebularis differs from  F. wahlbergii by having broadly ellipsoid basidiospores, and from  F. torulosa by having smaller spores (4–6 × 3–5 vs. 2.9–3.8 × 2.3–3.1 µm). </p>
            <p> Etymology: —The epithet  ' nebularis ' derives from the Latin 'nebul,' meaning 'a cloud' or 'mist,' and is combined with the Latin adjectival suffix '-aris,' meaning 'found in.' This name indicates it is found in the cloud forests of southern Brazil. </p>
            <p>  Holotype:— BRAZIL. Santa Catarina, Urubici,  Parque Nacional São Joaquim , growing at the base of the trunk of  Crinodendron brasiliense Reitz &amp; L.B.Sm. (1958: 20) , 22 August 2019, coll. M. Comin, (CM254) (FLOR75497), GenBank accession numbers: ITS=OR771947; nrLSU=OR827316. </p>
            <p>Description:— Basidiomata perennial, pileate to effuse-reflexed, sessile, solitary to imbricate, applanate to triquetrous, measuring up to 19 cm length, 12 cm width, 5 cm thickness; upper surface dark brown (7F8) when fresh and light brown (7D8) when dry, tomentose to somewhat strigose-matted, narrowly zonate, covered with algae and mosses; context brown (5E8) to yellowish brown (5D8), hard and woody, up to 5 mm thick; margin obtuse to sharp. Pore surface refringent, brownish yellow (5C8) when fresh and brown (6D8) when dry; pores round, 6–8 pores/mm, (76–)81.8–157.2(–218.6) µm diam. (av. = 111.3 µm); dissepiments entire, thin to thick, (55–)59.5–143.2(–218.6) µm diam. (av. = 101.5 µm); tubes up to 30 mm long, showing distinct layers, sometimes with thin layers of context between the layers of tubes, woody, slightly paler than the context.</p>
            <p>Hyphal system dimitic; generative hyphae 1.5–2.0 µm in diam., thin-walled, hyaline to pale yellowish, simpleseptate; skeletal hyphae thick-walled, yellowish brown in KOH, unbranched, 2.0–3.0 µm in diam. Hymenium, setae 24–30 × 3.9–8 µm, thick-walled, subulate, straight to curved and rarely with bifurcate apex. Cystidioles absent. Basidia 10–15 × 4–8 µm, clavate to subglobose. Basidiospores broadly ellipsoid, thin-walled, hyaline, IKI–, (2.8–)2.9–3.8(– 4.3) × (2.2–)2.3–3.1(–3.3) µm, L = 3.3 µm, W = 2.7 µm, Q = 1.4.</p>
            <p> Distribution and habitat:—This species is found in the cloud forests of southern Brazil. The basidiomata grow at the base of live and dead trunks of  Crinodendron brasiliense ,  Drimys angustifolia Miers (1858: 46) ,  Myrceugenia glaucescens (Cambess.) D. Legrand &amp; Kausel (1943: 7) ,  M. myrsinoides (O. Berg ex Mart. in Mart.) D. Legrand (1953:9),  M. ovalifolia (O. Berg) Landrum (1984: 163) , and  M. regnelliana (O. Berg ex Mart.) D. Legrand &amp; Kausel (1953: 11) . </p>
            <p> Conservation status:—Endangered.  Fuscoporia nebularis is considered endemic to the cloud forests of southern Brazil. The ecosystem where it is found is restricted to areas above 1,000 m. a.s.l. that are naturally fragmented and dependent on specific microclimatic conditions (Bruijnzeel et al. 2010, Oliveira et al. 2014). This makes it susceptible to threats caused by climate change (Salazar et al. 2007, Williams et al. 2007, Goldsmith et al. 2013, Gotsch et al. 2014, Pompeu et al. 2014, Helmer 2019) and human activities such as cattle grazing, introduction of invasive species, anthropogenic fire, and land use changes (Brooks &amp; Balmford 1996, Pinto et al. 2006, Tabarelli et al. 2010), resulting in a continuing decline of habitat. </p>
            <p>In over 10 years of sampling, the species has been collected in total about 50 times from the following three sites: São Joaquim National Park, Aparados da Serra/Serra Geral National Park, and Bom Jardim da Serra Wind Farm. It is expected to occur in up to 100 sites across its potential suitable habitat, with up to 50 mature individuals per site, resulting in a population size of no more than 5,000 mature individuals, belonging to a single subpopulation.</p>
            <p>Considering that it is not restricted to one plant host and is not extremely rare despite likely being endemic to the cloud forests of southern Brazil, it is expected that the population decline could be between 60–80 % in the next 50 years (a three-generation length of fungal species), mainly due to habitat degradation and the impacts of climate change (Helmer et al. 2019). Based on its population size and the decline in area and quality, this species is assessed as Endangered (EN A3c).</p>
            <p>  Additional materials (paratypes): — BRAZIL. Santa Catarina: Urubici,  Parque Nacional de São Joaquim , 11 October 2016, coll. M. Comin, CM077 (FLOR75478)  ;  ibid., 29 August 2018, coll. L. A. Funez, LF 06 (FLOR75500) ;  ibid., LF07 (FLOR75501) ;  ibid., LF43 (FLOR75502) ;  ibid., LF44 (FLOR75503) ;   ibid., at the base of living  Myrceugenia myrcioides , 30 September 2018, coll. M. Comin, CM99 (FLOR75479)  ;  ibid., 30 September 2018, coll. M. Comin, CM101 (FLOR75480) ;  ibid., 4 October 2018, coll. M. Comin, CM110 (FLOR75481) ;   ibid., at the base of living  M. myrcioides , 4 October 2018, coll. M. Comin, CM112 (FLOR75482)  ;   ibid., at the base of dead standing  Drimys angustifolia , 4 October 2018, coll. M. Comin, CM114 (FLOR75483)  ;   ibid., at the base of living  M. glaucescens , 5 October 2018, coll. M. Comin, CM120, (FLOR75484)  ;   ibid., at the base of  Myrceugenia sp. , 5 October 2018, coll. M. Comin, CM121, (FLOR75485)  ;   ibid., on dead standing  M. glaucescens , 5 October 2018, coll. M. Comin, CM123 (FLOR75486)  ;   ibid., on living  Myrceugenia sp. , 5 October 2018, leg. M. Comin, CM124 (FLOR75487)  ;  ibid., 6 November 2018, coll. M. Comin, CM128 (FLOR75488) ;  ibid., 7 November 2018, coll. M. Comin, CM129 (FLOR75489) ;  ibid., coll. M. Comin, CM130 (FLOR75490) ;   ibid.,  Morro da Igreja , at the base of living  M. regnelliana , 21 August 2019, coll. M. Comin, CM248 (FLOR75491)  ;  ibid., coll. M. Comin, CM249 (FLOR75492) ;  ibid., coll. M. Comin, CM250 (FLOR75493) ;   ibid., on dead standing  Myrtaceae , 22 August 2018, coll. M. Comin, CM251 (FLOR75494)  ;   ibid., at the base of living  M. regnelliana , 22 August 2018, coll. M. Comin, CM252 (FLOR75495)  ;  ibid., CM253 (FLOR75496) ;   ibid., at the base of  Crinodendron brasiliense , 22 August 2019, coll. M. Comin, CM254 (FLOR75497)  ;   ibid., on dead standing  Myrceugenia sp. in an advanced stage of decomposition, 24 August 2019, coll. M. Comin, CM257 (FLOR75498)  ;   ibid., at the base of living  M. ovalifolia , 28 August 2018, coll. M. Comin, CM263 (FLOR75499)  ;   ibid. Rio Grande do Sul, Cambará do Sul,  Aparados da Serra , in broken standing trunk, 27 May 2021, coll. T. Kossmann, MIND. Funga 0865 (FLOR75504)  ;   ibid., Bom Jardim da Serra,  Parque Eólico Bom Jardim , on dead trunk of standing  Myrceugenia sp. , 31 October 2021, coll. T. Kossmann, MIND. Funga 1340 (FLOR75505)  . </p>
            <p>......continued on the next page a = Chen et al. 2020</p>
            <p>b = Groposo et al. 2007</p>
            <p>c = observed during this study</p>
            <p>d = Dai 2010</p>
            <p>e = Hussain et al. 2022</p>
            <p>f = Yuan et al. 2020</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DE2938FF9EBB5304BAF9FF582607CA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Comin, Marcel;Alves-Silva, Genivaldo;Salvador-Montoya, Carlos A.;Góes-Neto, Aristóteles;Drechsler-Santos, Elisandro Ricardo	Comin, Marcel, Alves-Silva, Genivaldo, Salvador-Montoya, Carlos A., Góes-Neto, Aristóteles, Drechsler-Santos, Elisandro Ricardo (2024): Fuscoporia nebularis, (Hymenochaetaceae) a new endemic and threatened species from the cloud forests of southern Brazil. Phytotaxa 664 (1): 12-30, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.664.1.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.664.1.2
03DE2938FF94BB5504BAFB6B5CBE055F.text	03DE2938FF94BB5504BAFB6B5CBE055F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Fuscoporia undefined-1	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Key to Neotropical  Fuscoporia species</p>
            <p>1. Basidiomata resupinate.......................................................................................................................................................................2</p>
            <p>1’. Basidiomata effuse-reflexed to pileate .............................................................................................................................................14</p>
            <p>2. Pores 2–5 per mm...............................................................................................................................................................................3</p>
            <p>2’. Pores&gt; 5 per mm................................................................................................................................................................................6</p>
            <p>3. Basidiomata perennial ........................................................................................................................................................................4</p>
            <p>3’. Basidiomata annual ............................................................................................................................................................................5</p>
            <p> 4. Cystidioles present, basidiospores broadly ellipsoid, 4.2–5 × 3.1–4 µm ................................................  F. contigua (Pers.) G. Cunn.</p>
            <p> 4’. Cystidioles absent, basidiospores ovoid, 3.5–4.5 x 2.5–3.5 µm...............................  F. undulata (Murrill) Bondartseva &amp; S. Herrera</p>
            <p> 5. Tramal setae present, basidiospores 4–5 × 2.8–3.5 µm..............................................................................  F. latispora Y.C. Dai et al.</p>
            <p> 5’. Tramal setae absent, basidiospores 7–8 × 1.6–2 μm ..........................................................  F. contiguiformis (Pilát) Raymundo et al.</p>
            <p>6. Basidiomata perennial ........................................................................................................................................................................7</p>
            <p>6’. Basidiomata annual ..........................................................................................................................................................................11</p>
            <p> 7. Cystidioles present.............................................................................................................................  F. ferruginosa (Schrad.) Murrill</p>
            <p>7’. Cystidioles absent...............................................................................................................................................................................8</p>
            <p> 8. Tramal setae absent .......................................................................................  F. altocedronensis (Murrill) Bondartseva &amp; S. Herrera</p>
            <p>8’. Tramal setae present ...........................................................................................................................................................................9</p>
            <p>9. Hymenial setae present.....................................................................................................................................................................10</p>
            <p> 9’. Hymenial setae absent .........................................................  F. longisetulosa (Bondartseva &amp; S. Herrera) Bondartseva &amp; S. Herrera</p>
            <p> 10. Basidiospores oblong-ellipsoid, 4.3–5.1 × 2.8–3.2 μm.........................................................................  F. costaricana Y.C. Dai et al.</p>
            <p> 10’. Basidiospores broadly-ellipsoid, 3–3.2 × 2–2.3 μm.........................................  F. breviseta (Laessøe &amp; Ryvarden) Y.C. Dai &amp; F. Wu</p>
            <p>11. Cystidioles present............................................................................................................................................................................12</p>
            <p>11’. Cystidioles absent.............................................................................................................................................................................13</p>
            <p> 12. Basidiospores 4.2–5.2 × 1.5–2 μm ........................................................................................  F. punctatiformis (Murrill) Zmitr. et al.</p>
            <p> 12’. Basidiospores 6–7.8 × 2–2.5 μm .................................................................................................................  F. ferrea (Pers.) G. Cunn.</p>
            <p> 13. Tramal setae present; basidiospores oblong to ellipsoid 4.8–6 × 2.8–3.2 µm...............................  F. centroamericana Y.C. Dai et al.</p>
            <p> 13’. Tramal setae absent; basidiospores broadly ellipsoid to drop-shaped, 3–4 × 2–2.5 µm ........  F. chrysea (Lév.) Baltazar &amp; Gibertoni</p>
            <p>14. Basidiomata annual ..........................................................................................................................................................................15</p>
            <p> 14’. Basidiomata perennial ......................................................................................................................................................................17 15. Hymenial setae hooked......................................................................................................................  F. atlantica Motato-Vásq. et al.</p>
            <p>15’. Hymenial setae straight ....................................................................................................................................................................16</p>
            <p> 16. Basidiospores subglobose to ellipsoid, 3.6–4.3 × 2.5–3.2 μm .........................................  F. flavomarginata (Murrill) Groposo et al.</p>
            <p> 16’. Basidiospores oblong-ellipsoid, 3–4.5 × 2.5–3 μm..................................................  F. licnoides (Mont.) Oliveira-Filho &amp; Gibertoni</p>
            <p>17. Cystidioles present............................................................................................................................................................................18</p>
            <p>17’. Cystidioles absent.............................................................................................................................................................................21</p>
            <p> 18. Hymenial setae curved and bifurcate or spiny ...........................................................................................  F. bifurcata Baltazar et al.</p>
            <p>18’. Hymenial setae straight and non bifurcate .......................................................................................................................................19</p>
            <p> 19. Context color yellow ..............................................................................................................  F. rhabarbarina (Berk.) Groposo et al.</p>
            <p>19’. Context color brown .........................................................................................................................................................................20</p>
            <p> 20. Hymenial setae ventricose, 20–45 × 6–11 μm, basidiospores ellipsoid...........................  F. gilva (Schwein.) T. Wagner &amp; M. Fisch.</p>
            <p> 20’. Hymenial setae subulated, 23.4–32.4 × 4.6–5.4 µm; basidiospores oblong ellipsoid to almost sub-cylindrical................................. ....................................................................................................................................................  F. callimorpha (Lév.) Groposo et al.</p>
            <p>21. Hymenial setae hooked.....................................................................................................................................................................22</p>
            <p>21’. Hymenial setae straight ....................................................................................................................................................................25</p>
            <p> 22. Hymenial setae with bifurcate apex, basidiospores broadly ellipsoid, 2.9–3.8 × 2.3–3.1 μm; occurring in high-altitude cloud forests ..........................................................................................................................................................  F. nebularis Comin et al.</p>
            <p>22’ Hymenial setae simple, basidiospores broadly ellipsoid, 4–6 × 3–4 μm; occurring in other ecosystems .......................................23</p>
            <p> 23. Darker line present between the stratified tubes................................................................  F. torulosa (Pers.) T. Wagner &amp; M. Fisch.</p>
            <p>23’. Darker line absent between the stratified tubes................................................................................................................................24</p>
            <p> 24. Occurs in a transition area between the Atlantic forest and the Cerrado .........................  F. marquesiana Gibertoni &amp; C.R.S. de Lira</p>
            <p> 24’ Occurring in other ecosystems ....................................................................................  F. wahlbergii s.l. (Fr.) T. Wagner &amp; M. Fisch. </p>
            <p> 25. Context color yellow ...............................................................................................................  F. senex (Nees &amp; Mont.) Ghob. -Nejh. </p>
            <p>25’. Context color brown .........................................................................................................................................................................26</p>
            <p>26. Hymenial setae ventricose................................................................................................................................................................27</p>
            <p>26’. Hymenial setae subulated .................................................................................................................................................................28</p>
            <p> 27. Basidiospores ellipsoid, 4–5 × 2–3 μm ..............................................................................................  F. semiarida Lima-Júnior et al.</p>
            <p> 27’. Basidiospores ovoid to broadly ellipsoid, 3.2–5.6 × 3.2–4 μm..............  F. coronadensis (Rizzo, Gieser &amp; Burds.) Raymundo et al.</p>
            <p> 28. Basidiospores cylindric .............................................................................................  F. cylindrospora (Ryvarden) Y.C. Dai &amp; F. Wu</p>
            <p>28’. Basidiospores ovoid to subglobose ..................................................................................................................................................29</p>
            <p> 29. Basidiospores, 5–6 × 3–4 μm ................................................................................................  F. roseocinerea (Murrill) Q. Chen et al.</p>
            <p> 29’. Basidiospores, 4–4.8 × 3.2–4 µm .........................................................................................................  F. mesophila Raymundo et al.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DE2938FF94BB5504BAFB6B5CBE055F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Comin, Marcel;Alves-Silva, Genivaldo;Salvador-Montoya, Carlos A.;Góes-Neto, Aristóteles;Drechsler-Santos, Elisandro Ricardo	Comin, Marcel, Alves-Silva, Genivaldo, Salvador-Montoya, Carlos A., Góes-Neto, Aristóteles, Drechsler-Santos, Elisandro Ricardo (2024): Fuscoporia nebularis, (Hymenochaetaceae) a new endemic and threatened species from the cloud forests of southern Brazil. Phytotaxa 664 (1): 12-30, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.664.1.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.664.1.2
