identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03DA87B3FFE4FFA6FF0C665C0CC01EB6.text	03DA87B3FFE4FFA6FF0C665C0CC01EB6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Arthromyces pulverulentus A. E. Franco-Molano, T. J. Baroni & L. J. J. van de Peppel 2024	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Arthromyces pulverulentus A.E. Franco-Molano, T.J. Baroni &amp; L.J.J. van de Peppel ,  sp. nov. Fig. 2 A–F </p>
            <p>Mycobank—MB851622</p>
            <p>Etymology —from the powdery pulverulent pileus margin</p>
            <p> Type —   COLOMBIA. Antioquia: Municipio de Envigado,  El Salado ,  sector de las Cuevas del Higuerón , 2400 m asl. 15 December 2023. Juan Carlos Quiroz Mejía s.n. (holotype HUA233518!,  isotype NY04285950!). Genbank: ITS (PP294860), LSU (PP294858), TEF1α (PP278605) . </p>
            <p> Diagnosis—  Arthromyces pulverulentus differs from  A. claviformis ,  A. glabriceps and  A. matolae , by the thick, white mycelioid roll around the margin of the pileus, producing dense brown pulverulent masses of arthroconidia in long chains, the arthroconidia surfaces are smooth and not ornamented as found in the other arthroconidia producing species  A. claviformis and  A. matolae , and the cheilocystidia are not encrusted in  A. pulverulentus . </p>
            <p>Description —Pileus 7–12 mm broad, plano-convex or slightly and broadly depressed, some become convexcampanulate, always with thickened rounded margin covered with dense cream gray (oac801) to cream (oac816) mycelioid roll at first, the thickened roll incurved and covering lamellae from margin or to mid pileus, then eventually covering the lamellae completely to the stipe, the marginal roll becoming pulverulent-powdery and turning olivaceous brown from arthroconidia production, disc surface black (oac908) to margin, glabrous, shiny or matte, smooth or becoming rugulose, solid and glass-like as dried. Context 1 mm thick, solid, dark gray (aoc901). Lamellae adnate with a decurrent tooth, close to subdistant, narrow (1 mm) white to grayish (oac909-893) at first, edges olivaceous and granulate-floccose. Stipe 35–70 mm long, 1.5–2 mm broad at apex, central, cylindrical, equal above ground, but gradually tapered to a long pseudorhizal base below ground level, surface fuscous-black but mostly covered over the upper portions at first or the entire above ground surface with fine white (oac909) velutinous pubescence that eventually turns olivaceous brown over the upper apical regions like the pileus marginal roll, pseudorhiza attached to ball shaped masses of insect faecal pellets composed of masticated plant materials, these faecal pellets bound together by white mycelium that produced the basidiomata.</p>
            <p>Basidiospores 4–5 × (2–) 3–4 µm, (n= 23, L=4.6 ± 0.44, W=2.95 ± 0.45, Q = 1.25–2, QM = 1.6 ± 0.2), ellipsoid in profile and face views, round in polar view, smooth, walls thin cyanophilic. Basidia not abundant, (12–) 15–19 × 4–5 µm, cylindrical, 4-sterigmate, filled with small cyanophilic bodies when mounted in Cotton Blue and Congo Red droplets when mounted in Congo Red ammonia solution. Basidioles similar in dimensions to basidia, cylindrical or quite often fusoid, filled with cyanophilic bodies. Cheilocystidia 25–52 × 4–6 µm, narrowly clavate or more frequently cylindrical-capitate (capitulum 5–8 um broad), hyaline in NH 4 OH, with abundant, large shiny lipoidal bodies in Cotton Blue. Pleurocystidia absent. Lamella trama composed of parallel, cylindric hyphae, 2–6 (–10) µm broad. Pileipellis a dark brown layer in NH 4 OH, of repent cylindrical hyphae, 3–6 µm in diam, walls of hyphae fainty but distinctly encrusted with brown pigment, separating and producing a zebra like pattern on individual hyphae.</p>
            <p>Clamp connections absent.</p>
            <p>Arthroconidia on pileus margin dark olivaceous in NH 4 OH, often in long chains of 10–20 cells, individual conidia, thick-walled, mostly short or elongate rectangular, some curved, smooth, 3–6.5 (–7) × 3–3.5 (–4) µm.</p>
            <p>Habit and habitat —solitary, on soil among pine needles, on insect pellet frass masses, apparently associated with an insect in its life cycle. April through December.</p>
            <p>
                 Additional material examined — COLOMBIA. Antioquia, municipio de Medellín,  Corregimiento de San Antonio de Prado , Vereda Astilleros, Reserva Natural Astillera; bosque de niebla, 2500–2800 m asl (6.25425, -75.66986), 28 June 2022, Laura Vélez Jaramillo #37 (HUA 233492; CORT 014891); Antioquia, municipio de  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.75677/lat 6.17165)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.75677&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=6.17165">Medellín</a>
                 , Corregimiento de San Antonio de Prado, Vereda Astilleros, Reserva Limona-Manguala, cuchilla del Romeral. 2441.95 m asl, (6.171650, -75.756765), 15 November 2023, Juan Jose Celis #2 (HUA 233519); Antioquia, municipio de Envigado, El Salado, camino ancentral a  
                <a title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -75.56152/lat 6.1236463)" href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-75.56152&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=6.1236463">Cuevas del Higueron</a>
                 , (6.12364612, -75.561523), 12 September 2021, Brayan Zora Vergara s.n. (HUA 227833); Antioquia, municipio de Medellin,  Corregimiento de Santa Elena , vereda El Rosario, (6.245319, -75.493642237535), 26 May 2024, Juan Jose Celis #88 (HUA 237535). 
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            <p> Comments—  Arthromyces pulverulentus differs from other species in the genus by its distinctive thick cottonypulverulent roll producing olivaceous-brown chains of arthroconidia around the pileus margin, and not on the disc of the pileus as typical for  A. matolae and  A. claviformis , the two other arthroconidia producing taxa in this genus (Baroni et al. 2007).  Arthromyces glabriceps does not produce arthroconidia on its basidiomata (van de Peppel 2022a). The cheilocystidia of  A. pulverulentus are also distinctive by lacking encrusting exudates that are found on the cheilocystidia of all the other species of  Arthromyces described so far. Also, the arthroconidia produced by  A. pulverulentus are smooth, not ornamented as is typical for the other arthroconidial producing taxa,  A. matolae and  A. claviformis . A final, and not insignificant difference, is that the basidiospores of  A. pulverulentus are smaller than the other three taxa in this genus (i.e.  A. claviformis — 4.5–6.5 x 3–4 µm;  A. glabriceps —5–7.5 x 3–4 µm;  A. matolae —5.5–7.5 x 3.4–4.5 µm: Baroni et al. 2007, van de Peppel et al. 2022a). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DA87B3FFE4FFA6FF0C665C0CC01EB6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Franco-Molano, Ana E.;Baroni, Timothy J.;Van De Peppel, Lennart J. J.	Franco-Molano, Ana E., Baroni, Timothy J., Van De Peppel, Lennart J. J. (2024): Arthromyces pulverulentus sp. nov. (Basidiomycota, Agaricales, Lyophyllaceae), a new insect associated conidia-producing species from the cloud forests of Colombia. Phytotaxa 662 (3): 271-278, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.662.3.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.662.3.6
03DA87B3FFE1FFA5FF0C62FF0BF21E09.text	03DA87B3FFE1FFA5FF0C62FF0BF21E09.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Arthromyces T. J. Baroni & Lodge 2007	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Key to  Arthromyces and  Blastosporella in the Neotropics, insect associated taxa arising from aggregated masses of insect faecal pellets </p>
            <p> 1. Pileus mostly plane, up to 40 mm broad, brown, translucent-striate, hygrophanous, glabrous and not producing arthroconidia on the pileus or stipe (currently known only from Brazil and Guyana) ..............................................................................  A. glabriceps</p>
            <p>- Pileus variously shaped, but always producing dark brown or fuscous black powdery conidia........................................................2</p>
            <p> 2. Pileus truncate-convex and strongly zonate at first with gray and dark brown bands, soon deeply depressed over disc producing a well-defined rim around the disc with the depression filled with powdery soot-brown blastospores produced by inflated hyphal end cells on the pileus, blastospores globose and strongly tuberculate ornamented (Colombia and Dominican Republic) ............... ...........................................................................................................................................................................  Blastosporella zonata</p>
            <p>- Pileus not strongly zonate nor depressed with well-defined rim around the disc, pileus variously shaped and producing dark gray or grayish-brown arthroconidia in chains of disarticulating end cells on the pileus and in one species also the stipe......................3</p>
            <p> 3. Pileus with well-developed, thick, pale grayish-cream colored marginal roll at first, which turns olivaceous-brown and powderypulverulent from production of long chains (10–20 cells) of smooth walled, dark brown arthroconidia, cheilocystidia narrowly clavate or cylindrical-capitate and not encrusted (Colombia) ...................................................................  Arthromyces pulverulentus</p>
            <p>- Pileus lacking well-developed, thick marginal roll, arthroconidia verrucose or punctate roughened, typically in chains of less than 10 cells, cheilocystidia with resin-encrusted apices ..........................................................................................................................4.</p>
            <p> 4. Pileus up to 55 mm broad, convex and grayish-yellow to clay color, margin translucent-striate at first, pileus disc area soon developing dark grayish-brown powdery arthroconidia and production of arthroconidia spreading towards the margin, arthroconidia dark brown and finely punctate ornamented over the outer walls (Belize and Florida, USA) .........................  Arthromyces matolae</p>
            <p> - Pileus up to 15 mm broad, ± convex, typically with broadly truncate disc which is strongly depressed with age, pileus margin strongly inrolled, entire pileus opaque; pileus and stipe densely covered with short chains of powdery dark brown verrucose ornamented arthroconidia (Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico) ...................................................................  Arthromyces claviformis</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DA87B3FFE1FFA5FF0C62FF0BF21E09	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Franco-Molano, Ana E.;Baroni, Timothy J.;Van De Peppel, Lennart J. J.	Franco-Molano, Ana E., Baroni, Timothy J., Van De Peppel, Lennart J. J. (2024): Arthromyces pulverulentus sp. nov. (Basidiomycota, Agaricales, Lyophyllaceae), a new insect associated conidia-producing species from the cloud forests of Colombia. Phytotaxa 662 (3): 271-278, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.662.3.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.662.3.6
