identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03EED15DB301B61FFE1EFA50FE8FFCC9.text	03EED15DB301B61FFE1EFA50FE8FFCC9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ischnocolus Ausserer 1871	<div><p>Genus Ischnocolus Ausserer, 1871 Ischnocolus elongatus (Simon, 1873), n. comb.</p><p>Cyrtauchenius elongatus Simon, 1873: 32 (♀); Moggridge 1874: 182, 189, 248, pl. XIII, fig. B (burrow entrance); Savory 1928: 290.</p><p>Leptopelma africana Ausserer, 1875: 167 (♀). Synonymised with Cyrtauchenius elongatus Simon,</p><p>1873 by Simon (1889: 396). Not a secondary homonym of Cteniza africana C.L. Koch,</p><p>1838: 10, fig. 344 (♀) = Nemesia africana (C.L. Koch, 1838) .</p><p>Leptopelma elongata: Simon 1889: 395, pl. XIII, fig. 2 (♀, burrow entrance), 1909: 9; Reimoser 1919: 7; Berland 1932: 110, fig. 219 (burrow entrance).</p><p>Leptopelma elongatum: Simon 1892: 127; Roewer 1942: 222; Bonnet 1957: 2396.</p><p>Nemesia elongata: Uchman et al. 2018: 73.</p><p>Distribution: The species is known from two localities in Morocco (Simon 1873; Ausserer 1875).</p><p>Notes: The holotype of Cyrtauchenius elongatus was not found in the Simon’s collection in the MNHN when I visited Paris in 2012. The holotype of Leptopelma africana Ausserer, 1875 kept at the NHML was not examined either. However, the original description of the latter taxon (Ausserer 1875: 167) clearly points to its position within the Theraphosidae: “2 zahnlose Klauen und 2 Haarbüschel vor denselben an jedem Tarsus. Oberes Paar der Spinnwarzen so lang als Tibia I, die 3 Glieder in ihrer Länge wenig verschieden; das untere Paar kaum halb so lang, als das Basalglied der oberen.” [2 toothless claws and 2 tufts of hairs in front of them on each tarsus. Upper pair of spinnerets is as long as tibia I, the 3 segments are little different in their length; the lower pair is about half as long as the basal segment of the upper one].</p><p>According to Simon (1889), he had a possibility to examine the holotype of L. africana and found it conspecific with L. elongata . Furthermore, Ischnocolus remains the only theraphosid genus recorded in Morocco and the adjacent countries (WSC 2018).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EED15DB301B61FFE1EFA50FE8FFCC9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zonstein, Sergei L.	Zonstein, Sergei L. (2018): Complementary data on the genus Ischnocolus (Araneae: Theraphosidae). Israel Journal of Entomology 48 (1): 105-118, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.2525281, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3592368
03EED15DB302B618FE19FC79FEAEFA87.text	03EED15DB302B618FE19FC79FEAEFA87.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ischnocolus hancocki Smith 1990	<div><p>Ischnocolus hancocki Smith, 1990</p><p>(Figs 1–8)</p><p>Ischnocolus hancocki Smith, 1990: 127, figs 803–818 (♀); Guadanucci &amp; Wendt 2014: 394, fig. 4A (♀).</p><p>Description. Male: Body length, 13.20.</p><p>Color in alcohol: carapace, chelicerae, palps and legs II dark brownish orange; eye tubercle only slightly darkened, brown; clypeus, margins and radial grooves of carapace darker than cephalic portion in medial part; chelicerae dark reddish brown; sternum, labium, maxillae, leg coxae I–IV, other segments of legs III–IV, most part of abdomen and spinnerets light yellowish brown; darker brown dorsal abdominal pattern consists of poorly discernible narrow median stripe fused with several paired lateral chevrons.</p><p>Prosoma as in Figs 1, 3. Carapace 5.23 long, 4.40 wide. Clypeus and eye tubercle as in Fig. 2. Eye diameters and interspaces: AME 0.18(0.26), ALE 0.27, PLE 0.19, PME 0.18, AME–AME 0.15(0.07), ALE–AME 0.12(0.08), ALE–PLE 0.11, PLE–PME 0.04, PME–PME 0.41. Weak cheliceral rastellum composed of 20–25 slightly thickened spikes located in front of fang base. Each cheliceral furrow with 8 promarginal teeth and 10 mesobasal denticles. Labium with 20 cuspules; 0.48 long, 0.83 wide. Sternum 2.40 long, 1.89 wide. Each maxilla with about 85 cuspules arranged in triangular area. Serrula inconspicuous (under light microscope at magnification 150×).</p><p>Palp and legs. Tibia and metatarsus I as in Fig. 4. Spines (all femora with medial row of 3–6 thickened bristles; palpal patella, patellae I–II and IV, tarsi I–IV and cymbium aspinose). Palp: femur pd1, rd1; tibia pd1–1, pv1–1. Leg I: femur pd1, rd1; tibia p1–1, v2–2–1+M, metatarsus rv1–0–1. Leg II: femur pd1; tibia p1–1, v1–1–2; metatarsus p1–0–1, rv1–1. Leg III: femur pd1–1; patella p1; tibia p1–1, r1–1, v1–1–2; metatarsus pd1–1–1, rd1–1, v1–2–3. Leg IV: femur pd1, rd1–1; tibia p1, r1–1, v2–2–3(2); metatarsus p1–1–1, r1–1–1, v1–2–2–3. Metatarsal preening combs absent. Scopula: entire on metatarsus I, distal and divided on metatarsus II, sparse and distal on metatarsi III–IV; very narrowly divided on tarsus I; narrowly divided on tarsi II–III; widely divided on tarsus IV. Trichobothria: 2 rows of 7 or 8 in each row on tibiae, 14–16 on metatarsi, 9–12 (+4–6 clavate) on tarsi, 5–8 clavate on cymbium. Tarsus IV cracked. Paired claws on tarsi I–IV bipectinate, with 4 or 5 teeth in each row. Leg measurements:</p><p>Palp I II III IV Femur 2.75 4.23 3.85 3.44 4.35 Patella 1.47 2.46 2.09 1.54 1.97 Tibia 1.79 2.85 2.42 2.05 3.29 Metatarsus – 2.63 2.45 2.61 3.87 Tarsus 1.70 1.69 1.68 1.83 2.13 Total 7.71 13.86 12.49 11.47 15.61</p><p>Copulatory organs. Palp with short and slightly swollen tibia, and elongate cymbium (Fig. 5). Palpal organ with moderately long flattened and apically twisted embolus (Figs 6, 7).</p><p>Spinnerets as in Fig. 8. PMS: length 0.43; diameter 0.23. PLS: maximal diameter 0.47; length of basal, medial and apical segments 0.62, 0.43, 0.55, respectively; total length 1.60; apical segment shortly digitiform.</p><p>Female: Redescribed in detail by Guadanucci and Wendt (2014).</p><p>Material examined: Morocco: 1♂ Mazagan (El Jadida), 33°15'N 8°30'W, iii.1902, F.W. Riggenbach (ZISP 181-02) .</p><p>Distribution: Known only from Morocco.</p><p>Notes: The male described above looks to be related to the female of I. hancocki in having a very similar arrangement of the eyes, sternal sigilla, labial and sternal cuspules (Figs 2, 3 cf. Smith 1990, figs 805, 806). As the I. hancocki female, the male possesses the PLS with the median segment as wide as long, and with a short apical segment which is only slightly longer than the preceding one (Fig. 8 cf. Smith 1990, fig. 804). It should be also noted that I. elongatus and I. hancocki are known from the same north-western region of Morocco. In addition, both these species share an unusually short (compared to their congeners) apical segment of the PLS. The potential synonymy of I. elongatus and I. hancocki cannot thus be excluded.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EED15DB302B618FE19FC79FEAEFA87	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zonstein, Sergei L.	Zonstein, Sergei L. (2018): Complementary data on the genus Ischnocolus (Araneae: Theraphosidae). Israel Journal of Entomology 48 (1): 105-118, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.2525281, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3592368
03EED15DB305B615FE21FAB6FC39FBAE.text	03EED15DB305B615FE21FAB6FC39FBAE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ischnocolus jickelii L. Koch 1875	<div><p>Ischnocolus jickelii L. Koch, 1875</p><p>(Figs 9–17)</p><p>Ischnocolus jickelii L. Koch, 1875: 5, pl. VI, fig. 2 (♀); Guadanucci &amp; Gallon 2008: 42; Guadanucci &amp; Wendt 2014: 395, fig. 4B (♀).</p><p>Chaetopelma adenense Simon, 1890: 83 (♀). Synonymised with I. jickelii by Guadanucci &amp; Gallon 2008: 42.</p><p>Description. Male: Habitus as in Fig. 9. Body length, 12.75.</p><p>Color in alcohol: carapace, chelicerae, palps and legs I–IV dorsally dull reddish brown; eye tubercle dark brown; eyes surrounded by narrow blackish ring; sternum, labium, palps (including maxillae) and legs I–IV (including coxae) ventrally light brownish orange; most abdomen dorsally medium yellowish brown with darker brown pattern consisting of large darkened area in anterior quarter, and narrow median stripe fused with several paired lateral fasciae posteriorly; ventral surface of abdomen and spinnerets light yellowish brown.</p><p>Prosoma as in Figs 10, 12. Carapace 5.13 long, 4.18. Eye tubercle as in Fig. 2. Eye diameters and interspaces: AME 0.19(0.25), ALE 0.29, PLE 0.20, PME 0.18, AME–AME 0.14(0.08), ALE–AME 0.11(0.08), ALE–PLE 0.09, PLE–PME 0.04, PME–PME 0.44. Cheliceral rastellum absent. Each cheliceral furrow with 9 promarginal teeth and 6 or 7 mesobasal denticles. Labium with 31 cuspules; 0.43 long, 1.06 wide. Sternum 2.32 long, 2.22 wide. Each maxilla with ca. 70 cuspules arranged in triangular area. Serrula indiscernible.</p><p>Palp and legs. Tibia and metatarsus I as in Fig. 13. Spines (all femora with medial row of 4–7 thickened bristles; palpal patella, tibia and cymbium, patellae I and II, tarsi I–IV and cymbium aspinose). Palp: femur pd1. Leg I: femur pd1; tibia p1–1–2, v3–3(2)–1, metatarsus p1, rv1–1. Leg II: femur pd1; tibia p1–1, v2–2–3; metatarsus p1, rv1–1. Leg III: femur pd1, rd1; patella p3; tibia p1–1–1(0), r1–1, v2–2–3; metatarsus p1–1–1, r1–1, v1–1–1–3. Leg IV: femur pd1; patella p1; tibia p1–1, r1–2–1–1, v3–2–3; metatarsus p1–1, r3–1–1, v2–1–2–3. Metatarsal preening combs absent. Scopula entire on distal two-thirds of metatarsus I and onethird of metatarsus II; sparse and proventral on distal metatarsi III and IV; narrowly divided on tarsi I–III; more widely divided on tarsus IV. Trichobothria: 2 rows of 5 or 6 in each row on tibiae, 7–13 on metatarsi, 16–27 (+8–12 clavate) on tarsi, 9 (+12 clavate) on cymbium. Tarsus IV cracked. Paired claws on tarsi I–IV bipectinate, with 3 subapical teeth in each row. Leg measurements:</p><p>Palp I II III IV Femur 2.54 3.79 3.59 3.37 4.19 Patella 1.39 2.34 1.86 1.79 2.19 Tibia 1.74 2.90 2.37 2.04 3.43 Metatarsus – 2.66 2.57 2.99 4.29 Tarsus 1.21 1.88 1.84 1.84 2.38 Total 6.88 13.57 12.23 12.03 16.48</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EED15DB305B615FE21FAB6FC39FBAE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zonstein, Sergei L.	Zonstein, Sergei L. (2018): Complementary data on the genus Ischnocolus (Araneae: Theraphosidae). Israel Journal of Entomology 48 (1): 105-118, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.2525281, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3592368
03EED15DB309B617FE08FF39FE01FDE6.text	03EED15DB309B617FE08FF39FE01FDE6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ischnocolus valentinus (Dufour 1820)	<div><p>Ischnocolus valentinus (Dufour, 1820)</p><p>(Figs 18–20) Mygale valentina Dufour, 1820: 5, pl. LXXIII, figs 1, 2 (♂). Ischnocolus valentinus: Ausserer, 1871: 186; Guadanucci &amp; Wendt 2014: 391, fig. 3A–D (♂ ♀). Leptopelma cavicola Simon 1889: 396, pl. XIII, fig. 3 (♂ ♀, burrow structure), 1909: 8; Reimoser</p><p>1919: 7; Roewer 1942: 222; Bonnet 1957: 2395; Benoit 1964: 414, figs 1, 2 (♂ ♀). N. syn. Leptopelma cavicula [lapsus]: McCook 1890: 189, fig. 1 (burrow structure). Nemesia cavicola: Uchman et al. 2018: 69, 73, fig. 1g (burrow structure).</p><p>NB: Only sources using the original name, the currently accepted name and the names which fall into the newly established synonymy are listed here. For the full synonymy list refer to WSC (2018).</p><p>Material examined: Algeria: 1♂ ”Mecheria – Bou Saada – Metjez” [no other data] (MNHN 6131); 2♂ same label data (MNHN 6192); 1♂ 1♀ Daya [no other data, probably collected in 1882–1884 by M.L. Bedel] (syntypes of Leptopelma cavicola Simon, 1889) (MNHN 6130 /AR4542) ; 8♂ 30♀ Birin, Oued Sedem &amp; Tlemsen, mid-1880s, E. Simon (syntypes of L. cavicola Simon, 1889) (MNHN 5550 / AR4548) . Morocco: 1♂ 1♀ Fez, ii.1868, E. Simon (syntypes of Ischnocolus maroccanus Simon, 1873) (MNHN 1459) ; 1♂ Tizni, ii.1964, J. Lambert (MRAC 130699) .</p><p>Distribution: Spain, Italy, Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya (WSC 2018). According to Guadanucci and Wendt (2014), the range of this species includes also the disputed Western Sahara.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EED15DB309B617FE08FF39FE01FDE6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zonstein, Sergei L.	Zonstein, Sergei L. (2018): Complementary data on the genus Ischnocolus (Araneae: Theraphosidae). Israel Journal of Entomology 48 (1): 105-118, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.2525281, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3592368
03EED15DB30AB617FEBFFD52FC70FC7E.text	03EED15DB30AB617FEBFFD52FC70FC7E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ischnocolus ignoratus Guadanucci & Wendt 2014	<div><p>Ischnocolus ignoratus Guadanucci &amp; Wendt, 2014</p><p>(Figs 21–23)</p><p>Ischnocolus ignoratus Guadanucci &amp; Wendt, 2014: 396, fig. 5A–C (♂ ♀).</p><p>Material examined: Israel: 1♂ <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=34.966667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.933332" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 34.966667/lat 31.933332)">Shoham Forest</a> Park 27 km NW Jerusalem, 31°56'N 34°58'E, 14.v.2013, D. David (SMNH) .</p><p>Distribution: The species has been known from Israel (Jerusalem area) and reported as collected (in 1896) also from Syria (Guadanucci &amp; Wendt 2014). The label “ Syria ” (without further locality details) may refer to the territory of the Ottoman Syria, which in XIX century was considered comprising many localities outside the present-day Syria, including Jerusalem (see Zonstein &amp; Marusik 2013).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EED15DB30AB617FEBFFD52FC70FC7E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zonstein, Sergei L.	Zonstein, Sergei L. (2018): Complementary data on the genus Ischnocolus (Araneae: Theraphosidae). Israel Journal of Entomology 48 (1): 105-118, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.2525281, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3592368
