taxonID	type	description	language	source
03ED87F6FF87FFC4CB2E3AA9FC06F903.taxon	description	Fig. 1 A – C, 2 A - C, 3, 4, 5 and 6.	en	Larsen, Anna Reinhold, Solodovnikov, Alexey, Reyes-Hernández, José L. (2025): Chimalfus and Liracoxa (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae), two new genera from southern south America with a geometric morphometric evaluation of head and pronotal chaetotaxy. Zoologischer Anzeiger 316 (8): 85-96, DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.002, URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.002
03ED87F6FF87FFC4CB2E3AA9FC06F903.taxon	type_taxon	Type species: Heterothops discoideus Fairmaire and Germain, 1862, here designated.	en	Larsen, Anna Reinhold, Solodovnikov, Alexey, Reyes-Hernández, José L. (2025): Chimalfus and Liracoxa (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae), two new genera from southern south America with a geometric morphometric evaluation of head and pronotal chaetotaxy. Zoologischer Anzeiger 316 (8): 85-96, DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.002, URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.002
03ED87F6FF87FFC4CB2E3AA9FC06F903.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Chimalfus can be distinguished from all other genera in Amblyopinina based on the combination of the following characters: anterior postgenal ridge present (APGR; Fig. 5 C); basisternum without pair of macrosetae; pronotum with rounded flexible translucent postcoxal hypomeral process; middle and hind legs without black combs or pale adhesive setae; two long or medium size empodial setae on all tarsi; basal portion of metacoxa without proximal transverse carina; abdomen with protergal glands; all tergites without posterior transverse basal carina, pattern of posteromarginal macrosetae (not counting the paratergites) on each side of tergites III to VI: 1 - 2 - 3 - 3.	en	Larsen, Anna Reinhold, Solodovnikov, Alexey, Reyes-Hernández, José L. (2025): Chimalfus and Liracoxa (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae), two new genera from southern south America with a geometric morphometric evaluation of head and pronotal chaetotaxy. Zoologischer Anzeiger 316 (8): 85-96, DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.002, URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.002
03ED87F6FF87FFC4CB2E3AA9FC06F903.taxon	description	Description: Head about as wide as long (HW / HL 0.9 – 1.1); with complete frontoclypeal (epistomal) suture (junction of the anterior tentorial arms visible through the cuticle externally); disc without either coarse non-setiferous punctures or distinct concavity between antennal insertions; neck moderately wide (NW / HW 0.75 – 0.90); dorsal macrosetae (Fig. 1) represented by frontoclypeal (landmarks 1 and 2), anterolateral clypeal, anterior frontal (landmarks 3 and 4), parocular (single; landmarks 5 and 6), posterior frontal (landmarks 7 and 8), temporal (landmarks 9 and 10), and single basal (landmarks 11 and 12) punctures; supra-antennal, interocular, and dorsogenal punctures absent; basal punctures located distinctly posterior to posterior frontal punctures, posterior frontal punctures located anterior to temporal punctures; on ventral side postocular punctures present, but infraorbital absent; submentum with one pair of macrosetae; mentum with seta alpha present and seta beta absent; ventral basal, postgenal, postmandibular ridges present; ventral basal ridge joining gular sutures; postmandibular ridge (in ventral view) extended parallel and close to eye margin; infraorbital ridge merged with postgenal ridge; nuchal ridge present dorsally and laterally; EYL / HL ratio between ½ and ¾; gular sutures moderately separated from each other; anterior postgenal ridge present (Fig. 5 C); gula with distinct transverse basal impression. Antennae inserted at equal distance or closer to eye than to apical margin of frontoclypeus; tomentose pubescence begins on fourth antennomere (a 4), and as dense as in the following antennomeres; a 11 with subapical rounded field and lateral pits; a 3 not visibly longer than a 2 (a 3 / a 2 <1.1); a 1 distinctly shorter than a 3 and a 2 combined; a 11 moderately longer than a 10 (a 11 / a 10 ≤ 1.5). Mandibles with dorso-lateral groove; in dorsal view with straight external edge, with both base and apex gently curved; in lateral view apical portion of mandible deflexed ventrally at an angle of 25 – 30 ◦; on right mandible space between proximal and distal teeth (not bifid) narrow and smooth, left mandible with non bifid proximal tooth only. Labrum with wide transparent apical membrane, anterior margin of heavier sclerotized part entire, without emargination. Maxillary and labial palps with apical segment having evenly narrowed apex so its shape close to subconical; maxillary palpomere 4 (mp 4, apical) distinctly shorter than mp 2 (mp 4 / mp 2 length ratio ≤ 0.75); labial palpomere 2 (lp 2, preapical), markedly more dilated compared to lp 3 (apical) (lp 3 / lp 2 width <0.75). Pronotum slightly transverse (PW / PL> 1.1); with one pair of punctures in dorsal series, located far from anterior margin of pronotum; sublateral setiferous punctures absent; basisternum triangular with lateral arms narrowed at least subapically and disc (in lateral view) protruding medially, without pair of macrosetae; antesternal membrane without distinct semi-sclerotized patch; sternacostal ridge (transverse carina) medially protruding (better seen from lateral view); probasisternum distinctly longer than profurcasternum; profurcasternum with apophysis; pronotum and prosternum not fused in procoxal cavity, pronotosternal suture complete; pronotal hypomeron with flexible postcoxal process. Legs with 5 - 5 - 5 tarsal formula, apical tarsomere without dorsal setae but with pair of long empodial setae; protarsomeres 1 – 3 broad with pale setae; profemur with apical row of lateroventral spines reaching halfway its apex; mesotarsi without pale adhesive setae or black combs; metafemur with row of laterodorsal setae; metacoxae with spines on its ventral posterolateral lobe; metakatepisternal processes divided; metacoxae with basal part distinctly wider and more convex than apical part. Elytra without humeral spines or spine-like setae, with subbasal ridge, with setiferous punctation on disc and epipleuron even; mesoscutellum without posterior scutellar ridge; mesanapleural sutures distinctly oblique and fused with prepectus; apex of intercoxal process narrowly pointed, forming sharp (acute) angle; mesofurcasternal apophysis projected towards mesosternacostal suture medially; mesocoxal cavities contiguous; pericoxal ridge complete. Metaventral submarginal ridge long (parallel along most of metaventral dorsal edge); basal portion of each metacoxa without a transverse ridge. Abdomen tapered apicad; first tergite (reduced, hidden under elytra) with protergal glands rounded to elliptical, less than three times as long as wide; tergites III-VII without posterior transverse basal carina; tergite VII with anterior transverse basal carina not continuing to paratergites; pattern of posteromarginal macrosetae on each side of tergites III to VI 1 - 2 - 3 - 3: tergite III with one macroseta on each side, tergite IV with two, and tergites V and VI each with three macrosetae on each side; tergites III-VI with apical row of setae at distinctly crenulate apical margin; tergites III-IV with punctation on disc consisting of fine to moderate impressions and with setiferous punctation forming patches of pale radiating setae; tergite VIII longer than tergite IX; tergite VIII without medial apical emargination; tergite X in males emarginate medio-apically; female tergite X emarginate medio-apically; sternite III with basal transverse carina laterally converging abruptly at an acute angle with rounded tip; male sternite IX slender pear-shaped with asymmetrical basal portion, without distinct median emargination apically; lateral tergal sclerites IX inflated. Females with second gonocoxite having one macroseta. Aedeagus: paramere without sensory peg setae, flat, at base fused to median lobe and very closely appressed to it along its entire length; apex of paramere strongly produced over apex of median lobe.	en	Larsen, Anna Reinhold, Solodovnikov, Alexey, Reyes-Hernández, José L. (2025): Chimalfus and Liracoxa (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae), two new genera from southern south America with a geometric morphometric evaluation of head and pronotal chaetotaxy. Zoologischer Anzeiger 316 (8): 85-96, DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.002, URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.002
03ED87F6FF87FFC4CB2E3AA9FC06F903.taxon	distribution	Distribution. The genus is confined to central and southern Chile (Fig. 6).	en	Larsen, Anna Reinhold, Solodovnikov, Alexey, Reyes-Hernández, José L. (2025): Chimalfus and Liracoxa (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae), two new genera from southern south America with a geometric morphometric evaluation of head and pronotal chaetotaxy. Zoologischer Anzeiger 316 (8): 85-96, DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.002, URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.002
03ED87F6FF87FFC4CB2E3AA9FC06F903.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The name is a latinization of the Mapudungun word “ Chimalfe, ” which in mapuche language means “ dragonfly ” and refers to the large eyes in this genus. Gender masculine.	en	Larsen, Anna Reinhold, Solodovnikov, Alexey, Reyes-Hernández, José L. (2025): Chimalfus and Liracoxa (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae), two new genera from southern south America with a geometric morphometric evaluation of head and pronotal chaetotaxy. Zoologischer Anzeiger 316 (8): 85-96, DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.002, URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.002
03ED87F6FF87FFC4CB2E3AA9FC06F903.taxon	biology_ecology	Bionomics. The species of Chimalfus were collected at elevations ranging from 10 to 1700 m above sea level. Species were primarily collected from forest leaf and log litter, moss and other debris through sifting. Additional specimens were obtained using pitfall traps (baited with various substances such as carrion, dung and banana), and flight intercept traps. They were usually confined to very moist forest leaf litter, boggy mixed forest remnants, and Valdivian rainforest with thick bamboo understory.	en	Larsen, Anna Reinhold, Solodovnikov, Alexey, Reyes-Hernández, José L. (2025): Chimalfus and Liracoxa (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae), two new genera from southern south America with a geometric morphometric evaluation of head and pronotal chaetotaxy. Zoologischer Anzeiger 316 (8): 85-96, DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.002, URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.002
03ED87F6FF81FFC6C8783AF3FCF5FC69.taxon	description	Fig. 1 A and B, 3 and 6.	en	Larsen, Anna Reinhold, Solodovnikov, Alexey, Reyes-Hernández, José L. (2025): Chimalfus and Liracoxa (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae), two new genera from southern south America with a geometric morphometric evaluation of head and pronotal chaetotaxy. Zoologischer Anzeiger 316 (8): 85-96, DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.002, URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.002
03ED87F6FF81FFC6C8783AF3FCF5FC69.taxon	materials_examined	Type material examined: Holotype: male, pinned, aedeagus glued to cardboard, with labels as follows: Chiloe, S-Chile, Ig. H. Franz / Holotype / L. brevis S´aiz, F. S´aiz, 1970 [MNNC]; paratype: female, Chiloe, SChile, Ig. H. Franz / Paratype / L. brevis S´aiz, F. S´aiz, 1970 [MNNC]. Other material examined: see Supplementary File 1.	en	Larsen, Anna Reinhold, Solodovnikov, Alexey, Reyes-Hernández, José L. (2025): Chimalfus and Liracoxa (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae), two new genera from southern south America with a geometric morphometric evaluation of head and pronotal chaetotaxy. Zoologischer Anzeiger 316 (8): 85-96, DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.002, URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.002
03ED87F6FF81FFC6C8783AF3FCF5FC69.taxon	description	3.1.3. Redescription Measurements Ƌ [min – max (average); n = 5]: FBL = 2.05 – 3.61 (2.76); TL = 4.31 – 6.70 (5.51); HW = 0.79 – 0.84 (0.81); HL = 0.78 – 0.88 (0.82); HW / HL = 0.93 – 1.06 (0.98); PW = 1.00 – 1.04 (1.02); PL = 0.18 – 0.95 (0.76); PW / PL = 1.05 – 5.86 (2.07); EW = 1.09 – 1.24 (1.16); EL = 0.95 – 1.97 (1.18); PW / HW = 1.22 – 1.30 (1.26). Measurements ♀ [min – max (average); n = 5]: FBL = 2.05 – 2.90 (2.66); TL = 5.80 – 7.01 (6.53); HW = 0.84 – 0.87 (0.85); HL = 0.88 – 0.91 (0.89); HW / HL = 0.92 – 0.97 (0.95); PW = 1.01 – 1.10 (1.05); PL = 0.18 – 0.94 (0.76); PW / PL = 1.12 – 5.86 (2.11); EW = 1.18 – 1.30 (1.24); EL = 0.94 – 1.06 (1.01); PW / HW = 1.16 – 1.31 (1.24). Body coloration from light brown (nearly yellowish-brown) to dark brown, with yellowish margins of pronotum and apex of the abdomen; antennae light brown, occasionally dark brown; mandibles dark brown. Head as wide as long; dorsally and ventrally glossy, with few micropunctures; frons with microsculpture consisting of transverse to concentric waves, sometimes with a mesh pattern present medially; nuchal ridge merged with infraorbital ridge; eyes large (EYL / HL = x = 0.75), filling more than 70 % of head length (in lateral view); distance between eyes approximately 0.66 times as long as eye length, in both sexes. Antennal proportions as follows: a 1 at least 1.75 times longer than a 2; a 2 - 10 subequal in length; a 11 approximately 1.5 times as long as a 10, in both sexes. All antenomeres longer than wide. Pronotum slightly wider than long, convex, evenly curved; small, flexible postcoxal hypomeral extension (process), rounded. Elytra only slightly longer than pronotum. Mesosternum with twelve macrosetae, may rarely have one more or less. Metathoracic wings reduced. Protarsomeres 1 – 3 as long as wide to longer than wide; metatarsomere 1 about as long as metatarsomere 5; metatarsi shorter than metatibiae; metacoxae with four or less spines on posterior margin; apical tarsomere with empodial setae longer or subequal to tarsal claws; procoxa with internal ridge parallel to external ridge; metatrochanter apically sharply pointed. Abdominal tergite II with distinct row of setiferous punctures along apical margin; tergite VII without white fringe along posterior edge. Male sternite VIII with broad and shallow U-shaped emargination. Aedeagus (Fig. 3 B and C), total length ~ 0.95 mm; median lobe tube shaped, internal sac with copulatory sclerites; paramere in parameral view wider than, and strongly produced over, apex of median lobe. Comparison. This species is differentiated from others in the genus Chimalfus by the following combination of characters: the length of the eyes is about three-quarters of the length of the head (EYL / HL = x = 0.75), frons with microsculpture consisting of transverse to concentric waves, sometimes with a mesh pattern present in the center, metathoracic wings are reduced and tergite VII without white fringe along posterior edge. This species exhibits a distinctive shape of the head and pronotum chaetotaxy, statistically more different from other Chimalfus species and Liracoxa nana both with and without accounting for size (allometric effects) (Fig. 9; see section 3.2 for more details).	en	Larsen, Anna Reinhold, Solodovnikov, Alexey, Reyes-Hernández, José L. (2025): Chimalfus and Liracoxa (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae), two new genera from southern south America with a geometric morphometric evaluation of head and pronotal chaetotaxy. Zoologischer Anzeiger 316 (8): 85-96, DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.002, URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.002
03ED87F6FF81FFC6C8783AF3FCF5FC69.taxon	distribution	Distribution. C. brevis is distributed in southern Chile, from the Biobío Region to the Ays´en Region. The species inhabits both the Valdivian Temperate Forest and the Magellanic Subpolar Forest ecoregions.	en	Larsen, Anna Reinhold, Solodovnikov, Alexey, Reyes-Hernández, José L. (2025): Chimalfus and Liracoxa (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae), two new genera from southern south America with a geometric morphometric evaluation of head and pronotal chaetotaxy. Zoologischer Anzeiger 316 (8): 85-96, DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.002, URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.002
03ED87F6FF83FFC6CB2E3849FC2DFBF2.taxon	description	Figs. 1 B, 2 B and 4 and 6.	en	Larsen, Anna Reinhold, Solodovnikov, Alexey, Reyes-Hernández, José L. (2025): Chimalfus and Liracoxa (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae), two new genera from southern south America with a geometric morphometric evaluation of head and pronotal chaetotaxy. Zoologischer Anzeiger 316 (8): 85-96, DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.002, URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.002
03ED87F6FF83FFC6CB2E3849FC2DFBF2.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: CHILE: Chiloe´Pr.: Quemchi, 11 km W of (11 km E Hwy 5), 140 m, 42 ◦ 10.40 ′ S, 73 ◦ 35.73 ′ W, 10 – 21. xii. 2002, Valdivian rainforest remnant w / thick bamboo // understoty: FMHD # 2002 - 067, carrion trap (octopus). Thayer, Newton, Clarke 1060 FIELD MUS. NAT. HIST. // [sex label] // | FMNH-INS 0000 024 194 [Deposited in FMNH]. All other material examined are paratypes and they are listed in the Supplementary File 1.	en	Larsen, Anna Reinhold, Solodovnikov, Alexey, Reyes-Hernández, José L. (2025): Chimalfus and Liracoxa (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae), two new genera from southern south America with a geometric morphometric evaluation of head and pronotal chaetotaxy. Zoologischer Anzeiger 316 (8): 85-96, DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.002, URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.002
03ED87F6FF83FFC6CB2E3849FC2DFBF2.taxon	description	3.1.5. Description Measurements Ƌ [min – max (average); n = 5]: FBL = 3.11 – 3.41 (3.25); TL = 5.16 – 7.16 (6.14); HW = 0.70 – 0.74 (0.72); HL = 0.76 – 0.91 (0.85); HW / HL = 0.79 – 0.92 (0.84); PW = 1.06 – 1.20 (1.15); PL = 0.86 – 1.00 (0.95); PW / PL = 1.09 – 1.30 (1.21); EW = 0.70 – 0.74 (0.72); EL = 1.38 – 1.51 (1.45); PW / HW = 1.09 – 1.30 (1.21). Measurements ♀ [min – max (average); n = 5]: FBL = 2.95 – 3.35 3.21); TL = 5.59 – 6.51 (6.09); HW = 0.65 – 0.76 (0.72); HL = 0.75 – 0.89 (0.85); HW / HL = 0.80 – 0.91 (0.85); PW = 1.03 – 1.25 (1.17); PL = 0.84 – 1.01 (0.95); PW / PL = 1.17 – 1.27 (1.23); EW = 1.20 – 1.57 (1.37); EL = 1.30 – 1.49 (1.41); PW / HW = 1.49 – 1.75 (1.62). Body coloration uniformly dark-brown, with light brown apical margins of apical abdominal segments, edge of pronotum, and around eyes. Legs from dark to light brown. Mouthparts brown. Antennae may vary from yellowish-brown (entirely or darkening from antennomere 4) to entirely dark brown. Head longer than wide; dorsally and ventrally slightly glossy with numerous micropunctures, posterior angles with sparse, small setiferous punctures; with microsculpture of transverse to concentric waves; eyes small-sized (EYL / HL = x = 0.44); distance between eyes about 1.4 times the length of eyes in both sexes. Nuchal ridge not fused with infraorbital ridges. Antennal proportions as follows: a 1 at least 1.5 times longer than a 2; a 2 slightly shorter than a 3 but slightly longer than a 4; a 4 to a 6 subequal in length; a 7 to a 10 subequal in length; a 11 around 1.5 times longer than a 10, in both sexes. All antenomeres longer than wide. Pronotum slightly wider than long, convex, evenly curved anteriad and posteriad; flexible postcoxal hypomeral extension rounded, as wide as long, uninterrupted by inferior line. Elytra distinctly longer than pronotum. Mesosternum with fourteen macrosetae, may rarely have one more or less. Metathoracic wings well developed. Protarsomeres 1 – 3 distinctly wider than long. Internal ridge of procoxa running along external ridge. Metatarsi with first tarsomere longer than last tarsomere; empodial setae slightly shorter than tarsal claws in all tarsi; metacoxae with four or more spines on posterior margin; metatrochanter sharply pointed at apex. Abdomen with tergite II with setiferous punctures restricted to sides of apical margin; tergite VII with white fringe along posterior edge. Male sternite VIII exhibits broad and shallow U-shaped emargination. Aedeagus (Fig. 4 B and C), its total length ~ 0.95 mm. Median lobe rod-like. Paramere distinctly produced over apex of median lobe, with slight constriction at basal half and pronounced expansion at about three-quarters of total length, tapering to sharp rounded tip; in lateral view paramere appears straight. Comparison. This species is differentiated from others by the following combination of characters: length of eyes less than half the length of head (EYL / HL = x = 0.44), frons microsculpture with transverse to concentric waves, metathoracic wings well developed, and tergite VII with white fringe along posterior edge. The head chaetotaxy of this species is particularly distinct compared to other Chimalfus species and L. nana. While the pronotum is also statistically significantly different, its morphospace shows considerable overlap with C. discoideus (Fig. 9; see section 3.2 for more details).	en	Larsen, Anna Reinhold, Solodovnikov, Alexey, Reyes-Hernández, José L. (2025): Chimalfus and Liracoxa (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae), two new genera from southern south America with a geometric morphometric evaluation of head and pronotal chaetotaxy. Zoologischer Anzeiger 316 (8): 85-96, DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.002, URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.002
03ED87F6FF83FFC6CB2E3849FC2DFBF2.taxon	distribution	Distribution. C. brunneus is distributed primarily in southern Chile, ranging from the Nuble ˜ Region to the Ays´en Region, with a predominant presence in the Valdivian temperate rainforest.	en	Larsen, Anna Reinhold, Solodovnikov, Alexey, Reyes-Hernández, José L. (2025): Chimalfus and Liracoxa (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae), two new genera from southern south America with a geometric morphometric evaluation of head and pronotal chaetotaxy. Zoologischer Anzeiger 316 (8): 85-96, DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.002, URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.002
03ED87F6FF83FFC6CB2E3849FC2DFBF2.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet brunneus is derived from the Latin word “ brunneus, ” meaning brown, referring to the species’ distinctive brown coloration.	en	Larsen, Anna Reinhold, Solodovnikov, Alexey, Reyes-Hernández, José L. (2025): Chimalfus and Liracoxa (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae), two new genera from southern south America with a geometric morphometric evaluation of head and pronotal chaetotaxy. Zoologischer Anzeiger 316 (8): 85-96, DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.002, URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.002
03ED87F6FF83FFC7C87838C5FA3BFEB7.taxon	description	Figs. 1 C, 2 C and 5 and 6.	en	Larsen, Anna Reinhold, Solodovnikov, Alexey, Reyes-Hernández, José L. (2025): Chimalfus and Liracoxa (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae), two new genera from southern south America with a geometric morphometric evaluation of head and pronotal chaetotaxy. Zoologischer Anzeiger 316 (8): 85-96, DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.002, URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.002
03ED87F6FF83FFC7C87838C5FA3BFEB7.taxon	materials_examined	Type material examined: Lectotype: male, pinned, with labels as follows: Santiago quillota Concepcion // Coll. et det A. Fauvel Quedius discoideus Fairmaire and Germ. R. I. Sc. N. B. 17.479 // Lectotype [red label] // Loncovilius (Lienturius) discoideus 1964 det. Coiff. et Saiz [IRSNB]; paratypes: Santiago quillota Concepcion // discoideus Fairm. Germ. // R. I. Sc. N. B. 17.479 Coll. et det A. Fauvel // paralectotype [red label] // Loncovilius (Lienturius) discoideus 1964 det. Coiff. et Saiz [1 ♀ IRSNB]. Other material examined: see Supplementary File 1.	en	Larsen, Anna Reinhold, Solodovnikov, Alexey, Reyes-Hernández, José L. (2025): Chimalfus and Liracoxa (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae), two new genera from southern south America with a geometric morphometric evaluation of head and pronotal chaetotaxy. Zoologischer Anzeiger 316 (8): 85-96, DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.002, URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.002
03ED87F6FF83FFC7C87838C5FA3BFEB7.taxon	description	3.1.7. Redescription Measurements ♀ [min – max (average); n = 5]: FBL = 3.09 – 3.59 (3.30); TL = 5.96 – 6.90 (6.39); HW = 0.68 – 0.81 (0.65); HL = 0.66 – 0.90 (0.67); HW / HL = 0.84 – 1.23 (0.98); PW = 1.04 – 1.18 (0.94); PL = 0.95 – 1.20 (0.86); PW / PL = 0.86 – 1.21 (1.11); EW = 1.45 – 1.49 (1.22); EL = 1.36 – 1.54 (1.22); PW / HW = 1.30 – 1.74 (1.47). Measurements Ƌ [min – max (average); n = 5]: FBL = 3.11 – 3.66 (3.29); TL = 6.22 – 7.15 (6.67); HW = 0.76 – 0.80 (0.79); HL = 0.76 – 0.83 (0.80); HW / HL = 0.94 – 1.05 (0.99); PW = 1.14 – 1.26 (1.19); PL = 0.99 – 1.09 (1.03); PW / PL = 1.12 – 1.18 (1.15); EW = 1.36 – 1.87 (1.53); EL = 1.34 – 1.75 (1.46); PW / HW = 1.42 – 1.63 (1.51). Body including legs dark brown to almost black; apical margins of head and pronotum yellowish; occasionally legs yellowish-brown. Head as wide as long; dorsally and ventrally glossy with few micropunctures; frons with microsculpture of concentric transverse waves transforming into meshed or isodiametric towards the apex. Nuchal ridge fused with infraorbital ridge; eyes large (EYL / HL = x = 0.63); distance between eyes about 0.9 times the length of eyes in both sexes. Antennal proportions as follows: a 1 at least 1.65 times longer than a 2; a 2 and a 3 subequal in length; a 4 to a 10 subequal in length; a 11 more than 1.6 times longer than a 10, in both sexes. All antenomeres longer than wide. Pronotum slightly wider than long, convex, evenly curved; flexible postcoxal hypomeral extension rounded, as wide as long, uninterrupted by inferior line. Elytra distinctly longer than pronotum. Mesosternum with eleven to twelve macrosetae. Metathoracic wings well developed. Protarsomeres 1 – 3 distinctly wider than long. Metatarsi with first tarsomere about as long as apical tarsomere; all apical tarsomeres with empodial setae longer or subequal to tarsal claws; metacoxae with four or more spines on posterior margin; metatrochanter rounded at apex. Abdominal tergite II with distinct row of setiferous punctures along apical margin; tergite VII with white fringe along posterior edge. Male sternite VIII with broad and shallow U-shaped emargination. Aedeagus (Fig. 5 D and E), its total length ~ 1.2 mm. Median lobe tube shaped; paramere extends over apex of median lobe, narrower at midpoint but wider towards apex; paramere in lateral view almost spoon-like in shape.	en	Larsen, Anna Reinhold, Solodovnikov, Alexey, Reyes-Hernández, José L. (2025): Chimalfus and Liracoxa (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae), two new genera from southern south America with a geometric morphometric evaluation of head and pronotal chaetotaxy. Zoologischer Anzeiger 316 (8): 85-96, DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.002, URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.002
03ED87F6FF83FFC7C87838C5FA3BFEB7.taxon	diagnosis	Comparison. This species is differentiated from other congeners by the following combination of characters: length of the eyes more than half the length of the head (EYL / HL = x = 0.63), frons apically with isodiametric mesh microsculpture, metathoracic wings well developed and tergite VII with white fringe along posterior edge. This species is significantly distinguished from others by the shape of the head and pronotum chaetotaxy. In morphospace, it shows wide interspecific variation, overlapping with C. brunneus in pronotum shape under allometric effects. When corrected for size, the morphospace shows overlaps with the head and pronotum of L. nana, which share similar setae configurations but are differentiated by size (Fig. 9; see section 3.2 for more details).	en	Larsen, Anna Reinhold, Solodovnikov, Alexey, Reyes-Hernández, José L. (2025): Chimalfus and Liracoxa (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae), two new genera from southern south America with a geometric morphometric evaluation of head and pronotal chaetotaxy. Zoologischer Anzeiger 316 (8): 85-96, DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.002, URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.002
03ED87F6FF83FFC7C87838C5FA3BFEB7.taxon	distribution	Distribution. C. discoideus is distributed across central and southern Chile, from the Coquimbo Region to the Los Lagos Region. It inhabits both the Chilean Matorral and Valdivian Temperate Forest ecoregions.	en	Larsen, Anna Reinhold, Solodovnikov, Alexey, Reyes-Hernández, José L. (2025): Chimalfus and Liracoxa (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae), two new genera from southern south America with a geometric morphometric evaluation of head and pronotal chaetotaxy. Zoologischer Anzeiger 316 (8): 85-96, DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.002, URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.002
03ED87F6FF82FFC9C8783D0EFDCBFEEF.taxon	description	Figs. 1 D, 2 D and 7 and 8.	en	Larsen, Anna Reinhold, Solodovnikov, Alexey, Reyes-Hernández, José L. (2025): Chimalfus and Liracoxa (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae), two new genera from southern south America with a geometric morphometric evaluation of head and pronotal chaetotaxy. Zoologischer Anzeiger 316 (8): 85-96, DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.002, URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.002
03ED87F6FF82FFC9C8783D0EFDCBFEEF.taxon	type_taxon	Type species: Cheilocolpus nanus S´aiz, 1971, here designated.	en	Larsen, Anna Reinhold, Solodovnikov, Alexey, Reyes-Hernández, José L. (2025): Chimalfus and Liracoxa (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae), two new genera from southern south America with a geometric morphometric evaluation of head and pronotal chaetotaxy. Zoologischer Anzeiger 316 (8): 85-96, DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.002, URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.002
03ED87F6FF82FFC9C8783D0EFDCBFEEF.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Liracoxa can be distinguished from all other genera in Amblyopinina based on the combination of the following characters: anterior postgenal ridge absent (Fig. 7 C); basisternum with pair of macrosetae; with rounded flexible postcoxal hypomeral process; middle and hind legs without black combs or pale adhesive setae; two long empodial setae on all tarsi; basal portion of metacoxa with proximal transverse carina (Fig. 7 D); abdomen with protergal glands; tergite IV with posterior transverse basal carina, at least partial, pattern of posteromarginal macrosetae on each side of tergites III to VI: 1 - 1 - 2 - 2.	en	Larsen, Anna Reinhold, Solodovnikov, Alexey, Reyes-Hernández, José L. (2025): Chimalfus and Liracoxa (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae), two new genera from southern south America with a geometric morphometric evaluation of head and pronotal chaetotaxy. Zoologischer Anzeiger 316 (8): 85-96, DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.002, URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.002
03ED87F6FF82FFC9C8783D0EFDCBFEEF.taxon	description	3.1.9. Description Head about as wide as long (HL / HW ratio 0.9 – 1.1), with transverse to concentric waves of microsculpture and without distinct concavity between antennal insertions on frons, without frontoclypeal (epistomal) suture; neck width not distinctly wide (NW / HW ratio ≤ 0.75); basal puncture located at the same level or anterior to posterior frontal puncture, the latter located anterior to temporal puncture; disc without coarse non-setiferous punctures; frontoclypeal, anterolateral clypeal, temporal, one parocular in each side and single basal punctures present, dorsogenal and supra-antennal punctures absent; postocular and infraorbital punctures present; submentum with one pair of macrosetae; mentum with seta alpha and without seta beta; gula with distinct transverse basal impression and postgenal ridge, gular sutures separated from each other; anterior postgenal ridge absent; ventral basal ridge joins gular sutures; postmandibular ridge extended parallel and close to eye margin; infraorbital ridges merged with postgenal ridge; nuchal ridge present dorsally and laterally merged with infraorbital ridges; eyes large (EYL / HL ratio more than 3 / 4). Antennae positioned at equal distance to eye and to apical margin of frontoclypeus; tomentose pubescence begins on a 4, and as dense as on following antennomeres; a 3 not visibly longer than a 2; a 1 distinctly smaller than a 3 and a 2 combined; a 11 moderately longer than a 10 (a 11 / a 10 length ratio ≤ 1.5); a 3 setation almost evenly distributed; a 11 without subapical rounded field but with lateral pits. Mandibles without dorso-lateral groove, their external edge (in dorsal view) rather straight with curved base and apex; on right mandible space between proximal and bifid distal teeth narrow and smooth; left mandible with only bifid proximal tooth; both mandibles (in lateral view) with apical portion deflexed ventrally at an angle of 25 – 30 ◦; labrum with transparent wide apical membrane, with anterior heavier sclerotized margin entire, without emargination. Maxillary palps with apical segment (mp 4) roughly subconical, with evenly narrowed apex; mp 4 distinctly shorter than mp 2 (mp 4 / mp 2 length ratio ≤ 0.75); mp 3 markedly dilated compared to mp 4 (mp 4 / mp 3 width ratio <0.75). Labial palps with apical segment (lp 3) more or less cylindrical, slightly narrowed, shorter than lp 2 (lp 3 / lp 2 ≤ 1.25); lp 2 markedly dilated at apex, lp 3 noticeably narrower than lp 2 (lp 3 / lp 2 width ratio <0.75). Pronotum transverse (PW / PL => 1.1); distinctly longer than elytra; with one pair of paired punctures in dorsal series, located far from anterior margin of pronotum, distinctly farther than one-fifth of the distance between anterior and posterior margins of pronotum along midline; sublateral setiferous punctures and additional paired punctures adjacent to anterior marginal row of setiferous punctures absent. Pronotal hypomeron not setose, with flexible rounded postcoxal process at base not interrupted by inferior line; pronotum and prosternum not fused in procoxal cavity, pronotosternal suture complete; sternacostal ridge (transverse carina) medially protruding (better seen from lateral view), probasisternum triangular, with its lateral arms narrowed at least subapically and disc (in lateral view) protruding medially; longitudinal keel absent; pair of macrosetae situated far from anterior margin of prosternum; profurcasternum with apophysis; antesternal membrane without distinct semisclerotized patch (es), membrane behind spiracles with pores. Tarsal formula 5 - 5 - 5, apical tarsomeres without dorsal setae, with pair of empodial setae at least as long as tarsal claws; protarsomeres 1 – 3 slightly transversal with pale setae; protibia with laterodorsal spines; ventral tibial spur positioned at the base of a well-defined apical excavation, distinctly set apart from the tibial margin by a sclerotized region, with the spur located outside the tibial margin; profemur with apical row of lateroventral spines confined to its apical quarter; internal ridge of procoxa not aligned with external ridge, nearly intersecting with it. Mesotarsi without pale adhesive setae or black comb on first tarsomere; mesotibiae straight; metatarsi with t 1 shorter than or equal to t 5, anterior margin of t 4 ventrally straight or slightly sinuate; metatarsi shorter than metatibiae; metafemur with row of laterodorsal spine like setae; metatrochanter without straight spines; basal portion of each metacoxa with transverse ridge; metacoxae with spines on ventral posterolateral lobe, and with four or fewer spines on posterior margin, no distinction between basal and apical parts, and no spines present on dorsomedial disc. Mesoscutellum without posterior scutellar ridge. Elytra with short subbasal ridge, without humeral spines or spine-like setae, evenly covered with setiferous punctures on disc and epipleuron, setae of similar coloration. Mesanapleural sutures oblique and fused with prepectus, without mesofurcasternal apophysis; without pericoxal ridge; mesobasisternum with narrowly pointed intercoxal process; mesocoxal cavities contiguous. Metaventral submarginal ridge long and parallel along most of metaventral dorsal edge; metakatepisternal processes divided; metascutellar mid-longitudinal suture rudimentary, very weak but clear at base; metathoracic wings reduced. Abdomen tapered apicad, with cuticular manifestation of protergal glands elliptical; setiferous punctures on tergite II arranged distinctly along its apical margin; posterior transverse basal carina present only on tergite IV as a short trace; tergite VII with anterior transverse basal carina not continuing to paratergites; pattern of posteromarginal macrosetae on each side of tergites III to VI 1 - 1 - 2 - 2: tergites III and IV each with one posteromarginal macroseta on each side, and tergites V and VI each with two macrosetae on each side; punctation of tergites III-IV as fine to moderate impressions, setiferous punctation on disk with patches of pale radiating setae; tergite IX not longer than VIII; tergite VIII without medial apical emargination; sternite III with basal transverse carina, which sharply converges at an acute angle, forming a rounded tip laterally; female sternite VIII apically without medial emargination; lateral tergal sclerites IX inflated, cylindrical, not dorsoventrally or laterally flattened. Females with one macroseta on second gonocoxite. Aedeagus: paramere with small translucent sensory peg setae, fused to median lobe only at base and very closely appressed to median lobe along entire length, apically rod-shaped, paramere strongly produced over apex of median lobe.	en	Larsen, Anna Reinhold, Solodovnikov, Alexey, Reyes-Hernández, José L. (2025): Chimalfus and Liracoxa (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae), two new genera from southern south America with a geometric morphometric evaluation of head and pronotal chaetotaxy. Zoologischer Anzeiger 316 (8): 85-96, DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.002, URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.002
03ED87F6FF82FFC9C8783D0EFDCBFEEF.taxon	distribution	Distribution. The genus is based on a single species L. nana is distributed in southern Chile, from the Araucanía Region to the Los Lagos Region, and is also known from the Neuqu´en Region in Argentina. L. nana is a characteristic species of the Valdivian Temperate Forest ecoregion (Fig. 8).	en	Larsen, Anna Reinhold, Solodovnikov, Alexey, Reyes-Hernández, José L. (2025): Chimalfus and Liracoxa (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae), two new genera from southern south America with a geometric morphometric evaluation of head and pronotal chaetotaxy. Zoologischer Anzeiger 316 (8): 85-96, DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.002, URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.002
03ED87F6FF82FFC9C8783D0EFDCBFEEF.taxon	biology_ecology	Bionomics. L. nana was collected at elevations ranging from 105 to 1450 m above sea level, in open scrub and forest habitats, primarily in forest leaf and log litter, moss on rocks and tree trunks, or in debris along creeks through sifting. Additional specimens were obtained with pitfall (baited with carrion, such as squid) and window traps.	en	Larsen, Anna Reinhold, Solodovnikov, Alexey, Reyes-Hernández, José L. (2025): Chimalfus and Liracoxa (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae), two new genera from southern south America with a geometric morphometric evaluation of head and pronotal chaetotaxy. Zoologischer Anzeiger 316 (8): 85-96, DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.002, URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.002
03ED87F6FF82FFC9C8783D0EFDCBFEEF.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The genus name Liracoxa is derived from the Latin words “ lira, ” meaning “ ridge ” and “ coxa, ” meaning “ hip ”. This name refers to the distinct morphological features observed in the metacoxae of the species within this genus. Gender feminine.	en	Larsen, Anna Reinhold, Solodovnikov, Alexey, Reyes-Hernández, José L. (2025): Chimalfus and Liracoxa (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae), two new genera from southern south America with a geometric morphometric evaluation of head and pronotal chaetotaxy. Zoologischer Anzeiger 316 (8): 85-96, DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.002, URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.002
03ED87F6FF8CFFC9CB2E3DD6FD13F825.taxon	diagnosis	For diagnosis, distribution and bionomic see genus description above.	en	Larsen, Anna Reinhold, Solodovnikov, Alexey, Reyes-Hernández, José L. (2025): Chimalfus and Liracoxa (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae), two new genera from southern south America with a geometric morphometric evaluation of head and pronotal chaetotaxy. Zoologischer Anzeiger 316 (8): 85-96, DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.002, URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.002
03ED87F6FF8CFFC9CB2E3DD6FD13F825.taxon	materials_examined	Type material examined: Holotype: male, pinned, with labels as follows: Nahuelbuta Malleco 3 - XI, B. T. Higrofilo / Holotype / C. nanus S´aiz, F. S´aiz det. 1970 [MNNC]; paratypes: Nahuelbuta Malleco 3 - XI, B. T. Higrofilo 1968 / Paratype / C. nanus Saiz´, F. S´aiz det. 1970 [1 ♀ MNNC]; Cuesta Lastarria, no. dl. Lonchoche Chile, Ig. H. Franz / Paratype / C. nanus S´aiz, F. S´aiz det. 1970 [1 ♀ MNNC]; P. N. Puyehue, Ulmohojarasca 24 - X- 67 / Paratype / C. nanus Saiz´, F. S´aiz det. 1970 [1 ♀ MNNC]. Other material examined: see Supplementary File 1.	en	Larsen, Anna Reinhold, Solodovnikov, Alexey, Reyes-Hernández, José L. (2025): Chimalfus and Liracoxa (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae), two new genera from southern south America with a geometric morphometric evaluation of head and pronotal chaetotaxy. Zoologischer Anzeiger 316 (8): 85-96, DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.002, URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.002
03ED87F6FF8CFFC9CB2E3DD6FD13F825.taxon	description	3.1.11. Redescription Measurements Ƌ [min – max (average); n = 5]: FBL = 1.65 – 2.08 (1.95); TL = 3.37 – 4.63 (3.89); HW = 0.64 – 0.66 (0.65); HL = 0.58 – 0.69 (0.65); HW / HL = 0.96 – 1.13 (1.01); PW = 0.76 – 0.83 (0.8); PL = 0.34 – 0.78 (0.66); PW / PL = 1.05 – 2.44 (1.36); EW = 0.79 – 0.85 (0.81); EL = 0.63 – 0.70 (0.65); PW / HW = 1.20 – 1.25 (1.24). Measurements ♀ [min – max (average); n = 5]: FBL = 2.03 – 2.20 (2.10); TL = 3.77 – 4.53 (4.12); HW = 0.68 – 0.71 (0.70); HL = 0.59 – 0.73 (0.68); HW / HL = 0.95 – 1.19 (1.03); PW = 0.80 – 0.86 (0.84); PL = 0.73 – 0.78 (0.75); PW / PL = 1.10 – 1.17 (1.12); EW = 0.86 – 0.98 (0.91); EL = 0.64 – 0.70 (0.67); PW / HW = 1.18 – 1.25 (1.21). Head about as wide as long; dorsally and ventrally glossy, with micropunctures; with microsculpture of transverse waves, without coarse non-setiferous punctures; posterior angles indistinct with sparse setiferous punctures of medium and mostly small size; eyes large (EYL / HL = x = 0.73), filling at least 70 % of head length in lateral view. Distance between eyes approximately 0.6 times the length of eyes in both sexes. Antennal proportions as follows: a 1 1.4 times as long as a 2; antennomeres 2 to 5 gradually getting shorter; antennomeres 5 to 9 subequal in length; a 10 slightly longer a 9; a 11 1.4 times as long as a 10 in both sexes. Pronotum slightly wider than long, convex, anterior angles slightly more curved inward than posterior angles. Sublateral setiferous punctures absent. Flexible postcoxal hypomeral extension (process) triangular, as wide as long, not interrupted by inferior line. Elytra distinctly shorter than pronotum. Wings reduced. Empodial setae as long as tarsal claws; metatrochanter apically sharply pointed. Abdomen with tergite VII without white fringe along posterior edge; male sternite VIII with broad and shallow U-shaped emargination; tergite X in males apically subtruncate; female tergite X emarginate medio-apically; male sternite IX with basal portion distinctly longer than distal portion, with basal portion asymmetrical and distal portion with median emargination. Aedeagus (Fig. 7 E and F), its total length ~ 0.77 mm. Median lobe rod-like with internal sac containing copulatory sclerites. Paramere in parameral view wider than, and extending over the apex of the median lobe, converging to subrectangular apex; in lateral view paramere concave with small translucent peg setae at the apex.	en	Larsen, Anna Reinhold, Solodovnikov, Alexey, Reyes-Hernández, José L. (2025): Chimalfus and Liracoxa (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae), two new genera from southern south America with a geometric morphometric evaluation of head and pronotal chaetotaxy. Zoologischer Anzeiger 316 (8): 85-96, DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.002, URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.002
03ED87F6FF8CFFC9CB2E3DD6FD13F825.taxon	diagnosis	Comparison. In addition to the diagnosis of the genus, L. nana, the sole species of its genus, differs significantly from all species of the genus Chimalfus in the shape of the head and pronotum chaetotaxy, particularly whit allometric effect (Fig. 9; see section 3.2 for more details).	en	Larsen, Anna Reinhold, Solodovnikov, Alexey, Reyes-Hernández, José L. (2025): Chimalfus and Liracoxa (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae), two new genera from southern south America with a geometric morphometric evaluation of head and pronotal chaetotaxy. Zoologischer Anzeiger 316 (8): 85-96, DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.002, URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2025.03.002
