taxonID	type	description	language	source
03ED5E372C2AFF94A8FEAEDE9032FD44.taxon	materials_examined	Site of infection: Small intestine Host species: Bauerus dubiaquercus Locality: Ejido Adolfo Ruiz Cortines (18 ° 31 ’ 53.8 ” N, 95 ° 08 ’ 01.7 ” W, 1061 MASL), Tuxtlas, Veracruz Prevalence and intensity: 50 % (1 / 2) and 151 Specimen deposited: CNHE 12134	en	Moguel-Chin, Wilson I., Digiani, María Celina, Macswiney, M. Cristina, Ortega, Jorge, Ospina-Garcés, Sandra M., García-Prieto, Luis, Canché-Pool, Elsy B., Robles, María Del Rosario, Ávila-López, Mariana B., Chan-Casanova, Anyela Jackelin, Panti-May, Jesús Alonso (2025): Intestinal helminths of bats in the States of Nayarit and Veracruz, Mexico, with redescription of Bidigiticauda vivipara Chitwood. Zootaxa 5566 (2): 329-346, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5566.2.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5566.2.5
03ED5E372C2AFF94A8FEAEDE9032FD44.taxon	discussion	Comments: Based on five trematodes. Body pyriform, minute, 225 (165 – 330) long and 123 (105 – 151) wide (Figure 2 A). Tegument unarmed. Oral sucker spherical, subterminal, 50 (50 – 51) long by 52 (50 – 56) wide. Ventral sucker in middle third of body, 55 (50 – 60) long by 69 (62 – 74) wide. Pharynx, oesophagus, and intestinal caeca not observed. Gonads in anterior half of hindbody. Testes postero-lateral to ventral sucker; right testis 42 long by 70 wide, left testis 55 long by 62 wide. Ovary median, post-testicular, 32 long by 53 wide. Vitellaria in hindbody, concentrated in lateral region, occupying almost entire left testis. Eggs 27 (25 – 30) long by 13 (11 – 15) wide. The closest species in morphology is A. hastati described from Phyllostomus hastatus (Pallas) in Peru. However, we were unable to observe the characteristic unicellular glands located anterolateral to cirrus sac due to the poor condition of preservation of our specimens. The remaining species, Anenterotrema liliputianum (Travassos), Anenterotrema auritum (Stunkard), Anenterotrema eduardocaballeroi (Freitas), Anenterotrema freitasi (Caballero), Anenterotrema mesolecitha (Marshall & Miller), Anenterotrema iannaconei (Achatz, Cardenaz-Callirgos & Tkach), Anenterotrema megacetabulum (Fernandes, Santos, Melo, Achatz, Greiman, Bonilla & Tkach), Anenterotrema paramegacetabulum (Cacique, Cruces & Chero), Anenterotrema kawsayense (Cacique, Cruces & Chero), Anenterotrema stunkardi (Caballero & Grocott), and Anenterotrema peruense (Cacique, Cruces & Chero), differ in shape and size of oral sucker, body length, and position of gonads (Cacique et al. 2023). This is the first record of A. cf. hastati in Mexico.	en	Moguel-Chin, Wilson I., Digiani, María Celina, Macswiney, M. Cristina, Ortega, Jorge, Ospina-Garcés, Sandra M., García-Prieto, Luis, Canché-Pool, Elsy B., Robles, María Del Rosario, Ávila-López, Mariana B., Chan-Casanova, Anyela Jackelin, Panti-May, Jesús Alonso (2025): Intestinal helminths of bats in the States of Nayarit and Veracruz, Mexico, with redescription of Bidigiticauda vivipara Chitwood. Zootaxa 5566 (2): 329-346, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5566.2.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5566.2.5
03ED5E372C2DFF94A8FEAB9B9163F9D8.taxon	biology_ecology	Site of infection: Small intestine	en	Moguel-Chin, Wilson I., Digiani, María Celina, Macswiney, M. Cristina, Ortega, Jorge, Ospina-Garcés, Sandra M., García-Prieto, Luis, Canché-Pool, Elsy B., Robles, María Del Rosario, Ávila-López, Mariana B., Chan-Casanova, Anyela Jackelin, Panti-May, Jesús Alonso (2025): Intestinal helminths of bats in the States of Nayarit and Veracruz, Mexico, with redescription of Bidigiticauda vivipara Chitwood. Zootaxa 5566 (2): 329-346, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5566.2.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5566.2.5
03ED5E372C2DFF94A8FEAB9B9163F9D8.taxon	materials_examined	Host: Rhogeessa parvula Locality: Cleofas (21 ° 19 ’ 19.3 ” N, 106 ° 14 ’ 41.6 ” W, 98 MASL), Islas Marías, Nayarit Prevalence and intensity: 33.3 % (1 / 3) and 1 Specimen deposited: CNHE 12133	en	Moguel-Chin, Wilson I., Digiani, María Celina, Macswiney, M. Cristina, Ortega, Jorge, Ospina-Garcés, Sandra M., García-Prieto, Luis, Canché-Pool, Elsy B., Robles, María Del Rosario, Ávila-López, Mariana B., Chan-Casanova, Anyela Jackelin, Panti-May, Jesús Alonso (2025): Intestinal helminths of bats in the States of Nayarit and Veracruz, Mexico, with redescription of Bidigiticauda vivipara Chitwood. Zootaxa 5566 (2): 329-346, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5566.2.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5566.2.5
03ED5E372C2DFF94A8FEAB9B9163F9D8.taxon	discussion	Comments: Based on a single specimen. Body elongate (3360 long and 485 wide), covered with fine spines (Figure 2 B). Oral sucker 145 long by 100 wide, ventral sucker 200 long by 140 wide. Pharynx 60 long by 50 wide. Ovary 250 long by 190 wide. Anterior testis 260 long by 270 wide, posterior testis 250 long by 225 wide. Eggs 15 ‒ 20 long by 10 wide. Morphologically, the specimen fits the original description of U. scabridum (Braun 1900) and recent records (Martínez-Salazar et al. 2020). Urotrema scabridum has been recorded in several bat species in Mexico, such as Tadarida brasiliensis (Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire), Pteronotus mesoamericanus Smith (syn. Pteronotus parnellii Gray), B. plicata, Pteronotus fulvus (Thomas) (syn. Pteronotus davyi Gray), Pteronotus psilotis (Dobson) (syn. Pteronotus personatus Wagner), Myotis velifer (Allen), Mormoops megalophylla (Peters) in Morelos (see the checklist of Jiménez et al. 2017 and references therein), T. brasiliensis in Durango, Mexico State, Nuevo León, Zacatecas and Puebla, and Natalus mexicanus Miller in Mexico City (Jiménez et al. 2017; Martínez-Salazar et al. 2020). This is the first record of U. scabridum in Nayarit and for G. mutica.	en	Moguel-Chin, Wilson I., Digiani, María Celina, Macswiney, M. Cristina, Ortega, Jorge, Ospina-Garcés, Sandra M., García-Prieto, Luis, Canché-Pool, Elsy B., Robles, María Del Rosario, Ávila-López, Mariana B., Chan-Casanova, Anyela Jackelin, Panti-May, Jesús Alonso (2025): Intestinal helminths of bats in the States of Nayarit and Veracruz, Mexico, with redescription of Bidigiticauda vivipara Chitwood. Zootaxa 5566 (2): 329-346, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5566.2.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5566.2.5
03ED5E372C2CFF95A8FEA8A3911AFD2C.taxon	materials_examined	Site of infection: Small intestine Host: Bauerus dubiaquercus Locality: Ejido Adolfo Ruiz Cortines (18 ° 31 ’ 53.8 ” N, 95 ° 08 ’ 01.7 ” W, 1061 MASL), Tuxtlas, Veracruz Prevalence and intensity: 50 % (1 / 2) and 4 Specimen deposited: CNHE 12135 GenBank accession number: PQ 476180	en	Moguel-Chin, Wilson I., Digiani, María Celina, Macswiney, M. Cristina, Ortega, Jorge, Ospina-Garcés, Sandra M., García-Prieto, Luis, Canché-Pool, Elsy B., Robles, María Del Rosario, Ávila-López, Mariana B., Chan-Casanova, Anyela Jackelin, Panti-May, Jesús Alonso (2025): Intestinal helminths of bats in the States of Nayarit and Veracruz, Mexico, with redescription of Bidigiticauda vivipara Chitwood. Zootaxa 5566 (2): 329-346, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5566.2.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5566.2.5
03ED5E372C2CFF95A8FEA8A3911AFD2C.taxon	discussion	Comments: Based on two incomplete specimens. Scolex 260 in diameter. Suckers unarmed, 100 ‒ 108 in diameter. Rostellum broad, 73 ‒ 75 in diameter, armed with 28 ‒ 29 hooks in single row (Figure 2 C). Hook length 26 ‒ 32. Although no mature proglottids were found, the number and length of hooks observed in the scolex of our specimens conformed to the original description of V. macroti from M. waterhousii in Cuba (vs. 29 ‒ 34 hooks of 28 ‒ 30 long) (Zdzitowiecki & Rutkowska 1980). Vampirolepis macroti has been reported from M. waterhousii in Michoacán (Luviano-Hernández et al. 2018). This is the second record of V. macroti in bats from Mexico.	en	Moguel-Chin, Wilson I., Digiani, María Celina, Macswiney, M. Cristina, Ortega, Jorge, Ospina-Garcés, Sandra M., García-Prieto, Luis, Canché-Pool, Elsy B., Robles, María Del Rosario, Ávila-López, Mariana B., Chan-Casanova, Anyela Jackelin, Panti-May, Jesús Alonso (2025): Intestinal helminths of bats in the States of Nayarit and Veracruz, Mexico, with redescription of Bidigiticauda vivipara Chitwood. Zootaxa 5566 (2): 329-346, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5566.2.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5566.2.5
03ED5E372C2FFF97A8FEA8A3906EFDE8.taxon	materials_examined	Site of infection: Small intestine Host: Rhogeessa parvula Locality: Campamento Camarones (21 ° 37 ’ 27.2 ” N, 106 ° 37 ’ 50.4 ” W, 42 MASL), Islas Marías, Nayarit Prevalence and intensity: 33.3 % (1 / 3) and 7 Specimen deposited: CNHE 12136 GenBank accession number: PQ 476178	en	Moguel-Chin, Wilson I., Digiani, María Celina, Macswiney, M. Cristina, Ortega, Jorge, Ospina-Garcés, Sandra M., García-Prieto, Luis, Canché-Pool, Elsy B., Robles, María Del Rosario, Ávila-López, Mariana B., Chan-Casanova, Anyela Jackelin, Panti-May, Jesús Alonso (2025): Intestinal helminths of bats in the States of Nayarit and Veracruz, Mexico, with redescription of Bidigiticauda vivipara Chitwood. Zootaxa 5566 (2): 329-346, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5566.2.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5566.2.5
03ED5E372C2FFF97A8FEA8A3906EFDE8.taxon	discussion	Comments: Based on three immature specimens and one scolex observed at SEM. Scolex oval to rounded, 140 ‒ 200 in diameter (Figures 2 D, 3 A). Suckers unarmed, cup-shaped, 58 ‒ 68 in diameter. Rostellum broad, 60 ‒ 70 in diameter, armed with 17 ‒ 20 hooks in single row (Figures 2 D, 3 B). Hook length 27 ‒ 30. The specimens described here were included in the genus Vampirolepis based on the presence of armed rostellum, because they are parasites of bats (Makarikova 2018), and by the molecularly established phylogenetic position (see below). Based on the number of rostellar hooks, the most similar species are Vampirolepis artibei (Zdzitowiecki & Rutkowska) (vs. 20 – 23) and Vampirolepis bidentatus (Zdzitowiecki & Rutkowska) (vs. 18 – 22) (Zdzitowiecki & Rutkowska 1980); however, the hooks of our specimens are longer than those of V. artibei (vs. 19 – 20) and V. bidentatus (16 – 17). The remaining 18 species recorded in the Americas, Vampirolepis bihamata (Sawada & Harada), Vampirolepis chiropterophila (Pérez-Vigueras), Vampirolepis christensoni (Macy), Vampirolepis crassihamata (Sawada & Harada), Vampirolepis dalvae (dos Santos, Simões, D´Andrea, Verde, Maldonado Júnior, Cartagena, Ubiali & Luque), Vampirolepis decipiens (Diesing), Vampirolepis elongatus (Rego), Vampirolepis gertschi (Macy), Vampirolepis guarany (Rego), Vampirolepis longisccata (Sawada & Harada), V. macroti, Vampirolepis mazanensis (Vaucher), Vampirolepis pandoensis (Sawada & Harada), Vampirolepis phyllostomi (Vaucher), Vampirolepis promopsis (Vaucher), Vampirolepis roudabushi (Macy & Rausch), Vampirolepis santacruzensis (Sawada & Harada), and Vampirolepis temmincki (Vaucher), have differences in the number and the length of rostellar hooks compared with the studied specimens. This study adds the first record of the genus Vampirolepis for R. parvula in Mexico.	en	Moguel-Chin, Wilson I., Digiani, María Celina, Macswiney, M. Cristina, Ortega, Jorge, Ospina-Garcés, Sandra M., García-Prieto, Luis, Canché-Pool, Elsy B., Robles, María Del Rosario, Ávila-López, Mariana B., Chan-Casanova, Anyela Jackelin, Panti-May, Jesús Alonso (2025): Intestinal helminths of bats in the States of Nayarit and Veracruz, Mexico, with redescription of Bidigiticauda vivipara Chitwood. Zootaxa 5566 (2): 329-346, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5566.2.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5566.2.5
03ED5E372C2FFF97A8FEA8A3906EFDE8.taxon	biology_ecology	Site of infection: Small intestine	en	Moguel-Chin, Wilson I., Digiani, María Celina, Macswiney, M. Cristina, Ortega, Jorge, Ospina-Garcés, Sandra M., García-Prieto, Luis, Canché-Pool, Elsy B., Robles, María Del Rosario, Ávila-López, Mariana B., Chan-Casanova, Anyela Jackelin, Panti-May, Jesús Alonso (2025): Intestinal helminths of bats in the States of Nayarit and Veracruz, Mexico, with redescription of Bidigiticauda vivipara Chitwood. Zootaxa 5566 (2): 329-346, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5566.2.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5566.2.5
03ED5E372C2FFF97A8FEA8A3906EFDE8.taxon	materials_examined	Host: Rhogeessa parvula Locality: Cleofas (21 ° 19 ’ 19.3 ” N, 106 ° 14 ’ 41.6 ” W, 98 MASL), Islas Marías, Nayarit Prevalence and intensity: 33.3 % (1 / 3) and 3 Specimen deposited: CNHE 12137 GenBank accession number: PQ 476179	en	Moguel-Chin, Wilson I., Digiani, María Celina, Macswiney, M. Cristina, Ortega, Jorge, Ospina-Garcés, Sandra M., García-Prieto, Luis, Canché-Pool, Elsy B., Robles, María Del Rosario, Ávila-López, Mariana B., Chan-Casanova, Anyela Jackelin, Panti-May, Jesús Alonso (2025): Intestinal helminths of bats in the States of Nayarit and Veracruz, Mexico, with redescription of Bidigiticauda vivipara Chitwood. Zootaxa 5566 (2): 329-346, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5566.2.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5566.2.5
03ED5E372C2FFF97A8FEA8A3906EFDE8.taxon	discussion	Comments: Based on one immature specimen and one scolex observed at SEM. Scolex 168 in diameter. Suckers unarmed, 66 in diameter (Figures 2 E, 3 C). Rostellum broad, 65 ‒ 70 in diameter, armed with 17 ‒ 18 hooks in single row (Figures 2 E, 3 D). Hook length 30 ‒ 32. These characteristics closely resemble Vampirolepis sp. (1); however, the phylogenetic position and genetic distance (see phylogenetic section) of the 28 S rRNA sequences confirm that they are different species.	en	Moguel-Chin, Wilson I., Digiani, María Celina, Macswiney, M. Cristina, Ortega, Jorge, Ospina-Garcés, Sandra M., García-Prieto, Luis, Canché-Pool, Elsy B., Robles, María Del Rosario, Ávila-López, Mariana B., Chan-Casanova, Anyela Jackelin, Panti-May, Jesús Alonso (2025): Intestinal helminths of bats in the States of Nayarit and Veracruz, Mexico, with redescription of Bidigiticauda vivipara Chitwood. Zootaxa 5566 (2): 329-346, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5566.2.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5566.2.5
03ED5E372C2EFF98A8FEAC5791A7FD0C.taxon	materials_examined	Site of infection: Small intestine Host: Bauerus dubiaquercus Locality: Ejido Adolfo Ruiz Cortines (18 ° 31 ’ 53.8 ” N, 95 ° 08 ’ 01.7 ” W, 1061 MASL), Tuxtlas, Veracruz Prevalence and intensity: 50 % (1 / 2) and 18 Specimens deposited: CNHE 12132	en	Moguel-Chin, Wilson I., Digiani, María Celina, Macswiney, M. Cristina, Ortega, Jorge, Ospina-Garcés, Sandra M., García-Prieto, Luis, Canché-Pool, Elsy B., Robles, María Del Rosario, Ávila-López, Mariana B., Chan-Casanova, Anyela Jackelin, Panti-May, Jesús Alonso (2025): Intestinal helminths of bats in the States of Nayarit and Veracruz, Mexico, with redescription of Bidigiticauda vivipara Chitwood. Zootaxa 5566 (2): 329-346, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5566.2.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5566.2.5
03ED5E372C2EFF98A8FEAC5791A7FD0C.taxon	discussion	Comments: Based on three males and four females. Male body length 5,982 ‒ 6,310 and body width 36 ‒ 38 at esophagus-intestine level. Muscular esophagus 188 ‒ 198 long and glandular esophagus 2,680 ‒ 2,860 long. Anterior cloaca 560 ‒ 770 long and posterior cloaca with terminal portion attenuated, 650 ‒ 736 long. Cirrus (internal cuticular lining) forming a few longitudinal crests, terminal end with thin spines (eventually observed coming out through the cloacal opening). Spicule not observed. Caudal end composed of two dorsal lobes with three pedunculated papillae on each dorsal lobe (Figure 2 F). Dorsal lobes joined with well-developed membranous bursa. Lateral alae developed. Female body length 7,782 ‒ 9,030 and body width 50 ‒ 55 at esophagus-intestinal junction. Muscular esophagus 139 ‒ 240 long and glandular esophagus 2,786 ‒ 3,295 long. Vulva close to posterior end of esophagus. Vulvar appendage present, arising basally as a protrusion of the anterior vulvar lip and continuing as a heartshaped cuticular fold (Figure 2 G). Vagina short, with thick musculature. Posterior end of body slightly constricted laterally and ventrally at level of end of intestine. Eggs 45 ‒ 50 long by 23 ‒ 26 wide, symmetric, or not, depending on orientation, poles slightly convex. The most important distinguishing features among capillariid genera are related to the structure of the posterior end of the male, such as the presence or absence and characteristics of the caudal papillae, lobes, dorsal cuticular membrane, and caudal lateral alae (Moravec 1982). According to Moravec (1982), capillariids belonging to the genera Pterothominx and Aonchotheca exhibit well-developed caudal lateral alae and possess a membranous bursa. These genera can be distinguished by characteristics of the cirrus and spicule. Pterothominx has a cirrus covered by minute spines and a well sclerotized spicule, whereas Aonchotheca possess an unspiny cirrus, and its spicule may sometimes be indiscernible due to insufficient sclerotization. In the studied specimens, the spicule was not observed, but spines were noted on the terminal portion of the cirrus. Considering the morphology observed in studied specimens, we prefer to adopt a conservative position and not assign them to any of these genera until we have more morphological and molecular evidence. Three capillariid species have been reported from bats in Mexico: Aonchoteca martinezi (Caballero) from N. mexicanus in Mexico City (Caballero & Caballero 1942), Aonchoteca speciosa (Beneden) from N. mexicanus, Leptonycteris yerbabuenae (Martínez & Villa-Ramírez), M. waterhousii, G. mutica, M. velifer, M. megalophylla, T. brasiliensis, and Dermanura azteca (Andersen) in Morelos (Peralta 2012), and Capillaria palmata (Chandler) from T. brasiliensis in Morelos (Martínez 2009). Additionally, undescribed species of Capillaria have been reported from Micronycteris microtis Miller in Yucatan (Chitwood 1938) and M. megalophylla, P. fulvus and Pteronotus mexicanus Miller (syn. P. parnellii) in Jalisco (Salinas-Ramos et al. 2017), and P. psilotis in Veracruz (Clarke 2008), as well as nematodes of the genus Pterothominx from P. mexicanus in Jalisco (Lamothe-Argumedo et al. 1997) and P. fulvus, P. mesoamericanus, and M. megalophylla in Morelos (Peralta 2012; Ramírez 2015). This is the first record of Capillariidae gen. sp. in B. dubiaquercus in Mexico.	en	Moguel-Chin, Wilson I., Digiani, María Celina, Macswiney, M. Cristina, Ortega, Jorge, Ospina-Garcés, Sandra M., García-Prieto, Luis, Canché-Pool, Elsy B., Robles, María Del Rosario, Ávila-López, Mariana B., Chan-Casanova, Anyela Jackelin, Panti-May, Jesús Alonso (2025): Intestinal helminths of bats in the States of Nayarit and Veracruz, Mexico, with redescription of Bidigiticauda vivipara Chitwood. Zootaxa 5566 (2): 329-346, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5566.2.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5566.2.5
03ED5E372C21FF9BA8FEACB2938AFD78.taxon	materials_examined	Site of infection: Small intestine Host: Glossophaga mutica Locality: Campamento Bugambilias (21 ° 39 ’ 41.2 ” N, 106 ° 36 ’ 58.3 ” W, 164 MASL), Islas Marías, Nayarit Prevalence and intensity: 33.3 % (1 / 3) and 131 Specimens deposited: CNHE 12131 GenBank accession numbers: PQ 476176, PQ 476177	en	Moguel-Chin, Wilson I., Digiani, María Celina, Macswiney, M. Cristina, Ortega, Jorge, Ospina-Garcés, Sandra M., García-Prieto, Luis, Canché-Pool, Elsy B., Robles, María Del Rosario, Ávila-López, Mariana B., Chan-Casanova, Anyela Jackelin, Panti-May, Jesús Alonso (2025): Intestinal helminths of bats in the States of Nayarit and Veracruz, Mexico, with redescription of Bidigiticauda vivipara Chitwood. Zootaxa 5566 (2): 329-346, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5566.2.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5566.2.5
03ED5E372C21FF9BA8FEACB2938AFD78.taxon	description	Redescription: Based on 11 males, 11 females, and six third-stage larvae. Nematodes with cephalic vesicle (Figures 4 A, 5 A), usually wider than long (Figure 4 A). Presence of four double cephalic papillae, two dorsolateral and two ventrolateral, as well as two amphids (Figure 5 B). Esophageal tooth present (Figure 4 A). Male and female lack longitudinal ridges (Figures 4 B, C, 5 A, C, F). Males: Body length 3746 (3480 ‒ 4250) and width at midbody 124 (100 ‒ 140). Cephalic vesicle 103 (85 ‒ 118) long and 117 (95 ‒ 135) wide. Nerve ring, excretory pore and deirids situated at 199 (175 ‒ 220), 306 (235 ‒ 368), and 301 (232 ‒ 368) from anterior end, respectively. Esophagus 319 (280 ‒ 370) long. Caudal bursa subsymmetrical (Figures 4 D, 5 D). Rays 2, 3, and 4 arising independently, ray 4 slightly separated from ray 3. Rays 5 and 6 long, originating from common trunk (Figure 4 D). Dorsal ray long, divided at its distal third into 2 branches (Figure 4 D). In two specimens, bursal rays presented variations: right rays 4 and 5 fused (Figure 4 E), left ray 2 and 3 fused and dorsal ray’s right branch long (Figure 4 F). Spicules subequal, alate, 182 (160 ‒ 200) long with sharp tips enclosed in a spatulate membrane (Figure 4 H). Ratio spicule length / body length: 4.8 % (4 ‒ 5.3 %). Gubernaculum absent. Genital cone with dorsal lip more developed than ventral lip (Figure 5 D); papillae 7 situated on dorsal lip (Figure 5 E). Females: Body length 6330 (5480 – 7670) and width at midbody 186 (170 – 200). Cephalic vesicle 111 (90 – 130) long and 145 (115 – 170) wide. Nerve ring, excretory pore, and deirids situated at 201 (140 – 245), 291 (228 – 365), and 290 (220 – 380) from anterior end, respectively. Esophagus 315 (240 – 360) long (Figure 4 A). Viviparous. Didelphic. Vulva situated at 3093 (2500 – 3750) from caudal extremity (Figure 4 I). Ratio distance vulva-posterior extremity / body length 48.9 % (39.3 – 55.6 %). Anus 245 (180 – 300) from caudal extremity (Figure 4 G). Tail elongated, subcylindrical with two small terminal digitiform processes (Figures 4 G, 5 F). Third-stage larvae: Body length 538 (510 – 608) and width 35 (35 – 37). Esophagus 176 (165 – 200) long. Anterior end showing rod-like structure, 11 (10 – 12) long. Nerve ring and excretory pore situated at 76 (70 – 80) and 91 (70 – 110) from apex, respectively (Figure 4 J). Genital primordium and anus located 185 (138 – 512205) and 48 (45 – 50) from posterior extremity, respectively (Figure 4 J).	en	Moguel-Chin, Wilson I., Digiani, María Celina, Macswiney, M. Cristina, Ortega, Jorge, Ospina-Garcés, Sandra M., García-Prieto, Luis, Canché-Pool, Elsy B., Robles, María Del Rosario, Ávila-López, Mariana B., Chan-Casanova, Anyela Jackelin, Panti-May, Jesús Alonso (2025): Intestinal helminths of bats in the States of Nayarit and Veracruz, Mexico, with redescription of Bidigiticauda vivipara Chitwood. Zootaxa 5566 (2): 329-346, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5566.2.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5566.2.5
03ED5E372C21FF9BA8FEACB2938AFD78.taxon	discussion	Remarks: The bursal pattern and dorsal lobe of the male specimens from Nayarit agrees with the brief description of B. vivipara provided by Chitwood (1938) and the redescription by Caballero-Deloya (1971). In Mexico, B. vivipara has been reported from A. jamaicensis in Yucatan (Chitwood 1938), A. lituratus in Guerrero (Caballero-Deloya 1971), and A. jamaicensis and A. lituratus in Chiapas (Ubelaker et al. 1977). However, the present specimens were smaller than those reported by Chitwood, (1938) and Caballero-Deloya (1971) (male body length 3480 ‒ 4250 vs 5120 and vs 10384 ‒ 10554; female body length 5480 – 7670 vs 8020 – 8060 and vs 11932 ‒ 11967). Similarly, the spicule length of our specimens was smaller than those described by Chitwood and Caballero-Deloya (160 – 200 vs 256 – 270 and vs 235 – 252). Nevertheless, the ratio spicule length / body length was similar between the Nayarit and Yucatan specimens (4 – 5.3 vs 5). In contrast, this ratio was longer compared to Caballero-Deloya’s material (4 – 5.3 vs 2.2 – 2.4). The difference in size among these B. vivipara isolates may be attributed to their occurrence in different host species (A. jamaicensis, A. lituratus, and G. mutica), as well as the fact that each morphological description is based on nematodes isolated from a single individual host. Furthermore, Chitwood’s original description was based on one male and two females, whereas Caballero-Deloya redescribed the species without specifying the number of specimens measured, although he collected 49 specimens (Caballero-Deloya 1971). Based on these data, it is difficult to determine at which point along this morphological and morphometrical continuum a B. vivipara isolate may be considered a different species. Further studies incorporating morphological and molecular data from several host species and geographical locations are necessary to investigate whether B. vivipara is a species complex. The genus Bidigiticauda contains two other species: Bidigiticauda embryophilum (Freitas & Dobbin) described from Glossophaga soricina (Pallas) in Brazil, and Bidigiticauda serrafreirei de Oliveira Simões, Fraga-Neto, Vilar Maldonado Júnior & Vilela described from Artibeus planirostris (Spix), in Brazil. Bidigiticauda embryophilum differs from B. vivipara by having rays 5 and 6 arising independently, the branches of the dorsal ray not reaching the edge of the caudal bursa, and deirids situated posterior to the esophagus-intestinal junction (Vicente et al., 1997). Bidigiticauda serrafreirei can be distinguished from B. vivipara by the bifurcation of the dorsal ray in the middle of the trunk and the distance of the excretory pore from the anterior end that is longer (de Oliveira Simões et al., 2019). The new record of B. vivipara from G. mutica in Nayarit expands the host and geographical range of this nematode in the country.	en	Moguel-Chin, Wilson I., Digiani, María Celina, Macswiney, M. Cristina, Ortega, Jorge, Ospina-Garcés, Sandra M., García-Prieto, Luis, Canché-Pool, Elsy B., Robles, María Del Rosario, Ávila-López, Mariana B., Chan-Casanova, Anyela Jackelin, Panti-May, Jesús Alonso (2025): Intestinal helminths of bats in the States of Nayarit and Veracruz, Mexico, with redescription of Bidigiticauda vivipara Chitwood. Zootaxa 5566 (2): 329-346, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5566.2.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5566.2.5
