taxonID	type	description	language	source
03F47946FFF7335CFF5540BDCC85FC09.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — CHINA. Yunnan (ṙħ): Malipo (ĭva), terrestrial in evergreen broad-leaved forest, 1350 m, 31 May 2012, Liu 6671 (holotype: NOCC!).	en	Huang, Hui-Xia, Chen, Li-Jun, Liu, Zhong-Jian, Li, Ming-He (2018): Liparis vivipara (Orchidaceae: Malaxideae), a new species from China: evidence from morphological and molecular analyses. Phytotaxa 351 (4): 289-295, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.351.4.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.351.4.5
03F47946FFF7335CFF5540BDCC85FC09.taxon	diagnosis	This new species is similar to Liparis odorata, from which it differs by the upper older pseudobulbs often bearing black bulbils; leaves 2, blade ovoid to broadly ovate, 2.0 – 6.0 × 1.6 – 2.8 cm; inflorescence with 1 basal leafy bract, 3.5 – 5.0 cm long; sepals and petals pale green, lip purple with pale greenish base.	en	Huang, Hui-Xia, Chen, Li-Jun, Liu, Zhong-Jian, Li, Ming-He (2018): Liparis vivipara (Orchidaceae: Malaxideae), a new species from China: evidence from morphological and molecular analyses. Phytotaxa 351 (4): 289-295, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.351.4.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.351.4.5
03F47946FFF7335CFF5540BDCC85FC09.taxon	description	Terrestrial herbs. Pseudobulbs narrowly ovate, 2.5 – 3.5 × 0.8 – 1.3 cm, the upper portion of older pseudobulbs usually bearing bulbils. Leaves 2, petiole sheathing, 0.5 – 0.9 cm, not articulate, blade ovoid to broadly ovate, 2.0 – 6.0 × 1.6 – 2.8 cm, apex acuminate, base contracted into petiole. Inflorescence terminal, 8.0 – 18.0 cm, base with 1 foliaceous bract, 3.5 – 5.0 cm, lower distinctly ridged, upper narrowly winged; rachis 7 – 11 - flowered, floral bracts lanceolate, 3.5 – 6.0 mm. Flowers pale green, lip purple with pale greenish at base, column slightly greenish white, anther cap pale greenish. Pedicel and ovary 7.0 – 9.0 mm. Dorsal sepal narrowly ovate-oblong, 8.0 – 9.0 × 1.7 – 2.1 mm, margin revolute, apex obtuse; lateral sepals narrowly ovate-oblong, oblique, 6.0 – 7.0 × 2.0 – 2.5 mm, margin revolute, apex acute; petals filiform, 6.0 – 7.0 mm, margin revolute, apex obtuse; lip subobovate, 5.0 – 6.0 × 4.0 – 4.5 mm, with 2 triangular basal calli, apical margin denticulate, apex subtruncate and emarginate. Column slightly arcuate, 3.0 – 4.0 mm, with narrow wings on both sides, wings gradually widened toward column apex. Four pollinia in two pairs, waxy, narrowly subovate.	en	Huang, Hui-Xia, Chen, Li-Jun, Liu, Zhong-Jian, Li, Ming-He (2018): Liparis vivipara (Orchidaceae: Malaxideae), a new species from China: evidence from morphological and molecular analyses. Phytotaxa 351 (4): 289-295, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.351.4.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.351.4.5
03F47946FFF7335CFF5540BDCC85FC09.taxon	biology_ecology	Phenology: — Flowering May.	en	Huang, Hui-Xia, Chen, Li-Jun, Liu, Zhong-Jian, Li, Ming-He (2018): Liparis vivipara (Orchidaceae: Malaxideae), a new species from China: evidence from morphological and molecular analyses. Phytotaxa 351 (4): 289-295, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.351.4.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.351.4.5
03F47946FFF7335CFF5540BDCC85FC09.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat: –– Liparis vivipara is terrestrial and grows in evergreen, broad-leaved forest at 1350 m of Malipo, Yunnan Province, China.	en	Huang, Hui-Xia, Chen, Li-Jun, Liu, Zhong-Jian, Li, Ming-He (2018): Liparis vivipara (Orchidaceae: Malaxideae), a new species from China: evidence from morphological and molecular analyses. Phytotaxa 351 (4): 289-295, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.351.4.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.351.4.5
03F47946FFF7335CFF5540BDCC85FC09.taxon	etymology	Etymology: — The specific epithet refers to vivipary.	en	Huang, Hui-Xia, Chen, Li-Jun, Liu, Zhong-Jian, Li, Ming-He (2018): Liparis vivipara (Orchidaceae: Malaxideae), a new species from China: evidence from morphological and molecular analyses. Phytotaxa 351 (4): 289-295, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.351.4.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.351.4.5
03F47946FFF7335CFF5540BDCC85FC09.taxon	conservation	Conservation status: –– The new species has only four known populations, each of which consisted of not more than 30 individuals. Using the World Conservation Union Red List Categories and Criteria (IUCN, 2012), Liparis vivipara should be treated as critically endangered.	en	Huang, Hui-Xia, Chen, Li-Jun, Liu, Zhong-Jian, Li, Ming-He (2018): Liparis vivipara (Orchidaceae: Malaxideae), a new species from China: evidence from morphological and molecular analyses. Phytotaxa 351 (4): 289-295, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.351.4.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.351.4.5
03F47946FFF7335CFF5540BDCC85FC09.taxon	discussion	Taxonomic notes: — Liparis vivipara belongs to subclade L. layardii sensu Su et al. (2015) and is distinctive among species in the genus. Table 1 provides detailed comparisons for L. vivipara, L. odorata and L. formosana. Besides being 2 - leaved with a narrowly ovate-oblong dorsal sepal, L. vivipara also has a unique set of characteristics: upper older pseudobulbs often bearing bulbils and inflorescences possessing a basal leafy bract (3.5 – 5.0 cm long).	en	Huang, Hui-Xia, Chen, Li-Jun, Liu, Zhong-Jian, Li, Ming-He (2018): Liparis vivipara (Orchidaceae: Malaxideae), a new species from China: evidence from morphological and molecular analyses. Phytotaxa 351 (4): 289-295, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.351.4.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.351.4.5
