taxonID	type	description	language	source
03F38787FFBB220C0B894187FA92F812.taxon	vernacular_names	(俄fië天 ※;	en	Huang, Ming-Zhong, Wei, Chunyi, Li, Ruyi, Zhao, Xiongde Tu Xuewei, Lan, Siren, Liu, Zhong-Jian (2025): Gastrodia exianlingensis (Gastrodieae, Epidendroideae), a new species of Orchidaceae from Hainan, China. Phytotaxa 689 (1): 158-162, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.689.1.12, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.689.1.12
03F38787FFBB220C0B894187FA92F812.taxon	description	Figs 1, 2)	en	Huang, Ming-Zhong, Wei, Chunyi, Li, Ruyi, Zhao, Xiongde Tu Xuewei, Lan, Siren, Liu, Zhong-Jian (2025): Gastrodia exianlingensis (Gastrodieae, Epidendroideae), a new species of Orchidaceae from Hainan, China. Phytotaxa 689 (1): 158-162, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.689.1.12, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.689.1.12
03F38787FFBB220C0B894187FA92F812.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — CHINA. Hainan: Dongfang City, Exianling Mountain, elev. 758 m, under the broadleaf forest on limestone, 20 May 2018, Huang 180520001 (holotype: ATCH!).	en	Huang, Ming-Zhong, Wei, Chunyi, Li, Ruyi, Zhao, Xiongde Tu Xuewei, Lan, Siren, Liu, Zhong-Jian (2025): Gastrodia exianlingensis (Gastrodieae, Epidendroideae), a new species of Orchidaceae from Hainan, China. Phytotaxa 689 (1): 158-162, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.689.1.12, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.689.1.12
03F38787FFBB220C0B894187FA92F812.taxon	diagnosis	Gastrodia exianlingensis is similar to G. longitubularis, but differs in longer column foot and lip claw, lip longer than column, and tuber without roots.	en	Huang, Ming-Zhong, Wei, Chunyi, Li, Ruyi, Zhao, Xiongde Tu Xuewei, Lan, Siren, Liu, Zhong-Jian (2025): Gastrodia exianlingensis (Gastrodieae, Epidendroideae), a new species of Orchidaceae from Hainan, China. Phytotaxa 689 (1): 158-162, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.689.1.12, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.689.1.12
03F38787FFBB220C0B894187FA92F812.taxon	description	Terrestrial, leafless, achlorophyllous herbs. Rhizome tuberous, fusiform, 30 – 60 mm long, 5 – 12 mm in diameter, grayish brown, covered with verticillate, triangular-lanceolate scales and finely unicellular hairs. Inflorescence erect, terminal, 7 – 9 - flowered, up to 14 cm long, 2 – 4 mm in diameter, glabrous, grayish brown, with 5 – 6 sterile bracts; sterile bracts sheathing, ovate to broadly ovate, 5 mm, apex acute; rachis up to 1.5 cm long. Bracts glabrous, ovate to ovate-oblong, 4.0 – 6.0 × 2.0 – 2.5 mm, apex acute. Pedicel and ovary 8 – 11 mm long, pedicel slightly curved, ovary 2.5 – 3.5 mm in diameter, slightly verruculose. Flowers nodding or erect, bell-shaped, widely opening, grayish brown. Perianth tube 18 – 25 mm long, 5 - lobed, slightly verruculose. Sepals 19.0 × 7.1 mm, fused for 4 / 5 length, and for 4 / 5 their length with petals, glabrous and grayish brown adaxially; free part of dorsal sepal straight, ovate, 5.7 × 4.4 mm, apex obtuse, slightly concave; free parts of lateral sepals spreading, oblique ovate-triangular, 7.1 × 3.7 mm, entire, apices apiculate, midribs prominently ridged abaxially and slightly elevated adaxially. Free parts of petals ovate-orbicular, 3.4 × 3.4 mm, entire, apex obtuse-rounded, base slightly clawed. Lip adnate to distal part of column foot, free from perianth tube, longer than column, entire, 10 × 5 mm, straight along margin; hypochile yellowish orange, with two yellow, prolate ellipsoid, sessile, nectarless calli; epichile margin undulate and finely contracted in apical portion, disc with 9 longitudinal ridges, the central two ridges much longer and prominent. Column compressed, 8.8 × 1.8 mm, yellowish with dark yellow at base; column foot well developed, about 1.5 mm long; stelidia acute triangular, straight, 1 mm long; rostellum prominent; anther cap abaxially ridged; pollinia ovoid, granular.	en	Huang, Ming-Zhong, Wei, Chunyi, Li, Ruyi, Zhao, Xiongde Tu Xuewei, Lan, Siren, Liu, Zhong-Jian (2025): Gastrodia exianlingensis (Gastrodieae, Epidendroideae), a new species of Orchidaceae from Hainan, China. Phytotaxa 689 (1): 158-162, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.689.1.12, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.689.1.12
03F38787FFBB220C0B894187FA92F812.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat: — Discovered in the karst rainforest of Exianling Mountain in Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park. The population was scattered at an elevation of 600 – 800 m. Growing in shaded, damp humus among fallen leaves, it was difficult to detect due to its greyish brown stem and flowers.	en	Huang, Ming-Zhong, Wei, Chunyi, Li, Ruyi, Zhao, Xiongde Tu Xuewei, Lan, Siren, Liu, Zhong-Jian (2025): Gastrodia exianlingensis (Gastrodieae, Epidendroideae), a new species of Orchidaceae from Hainan, China. Phytotaxa 689 (1): 158-162, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.689.1.12, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.689.1.12
03F38787FFBB220C0B894187FA92F812.taxon	biology_ecology	Phenology: — Flowering May – June.	en	Huang, Ming-Zhong, Wei, Chunyi, Li, Ruyi, Zhao, Xiongde Tu Xuewei, Lan, Siren, Liu, Zhong-Jian (2025): Gastrodia exianlingensis (Gastrodieae, Epidendroideae), a new species of Orchidaceae from Hainan, China. Phytotaxa 689 (1): 158-162, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.689.1.12, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.689.1.12
03F38787FFBB220C0B894187FA92F812.taxon	etymology	Etymology: — In reference to the type locality, Exianling Mountain, Hainan Island, China.	en	Huang, Ming-Zhong, Wei, Chunyi, Li, Ruyi, Zhao, Xiongde Tu Xuewei, Lan, Siren, Liu, Zhong-Jian (2025): Gastrodia exianlingensis (Gastrodieae, Epidendroideae), a new species of Orchidaceae from Hainan, China. Phytotaxa 689 (1): 158-162, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.689.1.12, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.689.1.12
03F38787FFBB220C0B894187FA92F812.taxon	conservation	Conservation status: — It is an endemic species, known only from Hainan Province, China. Up to now, only about 20 plant individuals of Gastrodia exianlingensis has been found. Due to the habit of mycoheterotrophic plant, accurately assessing the population of this species becomes challenging; therefore, in accordance with IUCN guidelines (IUCN, 2024), we propose classifying this species as a data deficient (DD).	en	Huang, Ming-Zhong, Wei, Chunyi, Li, Ruyi, Zhao, Xiongde Tu Xuewei, Lan, Siren, Liu, Zhong-Jian (2025): Gastrodia exianlingensis (Gastrodieae, Epidendroideae), a new species of Orchidaceae from Hainan, China. Phytotaxa 689 (1): 158-162, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.689.1.12, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.689.1.12
03F38787FFBB220C0B894187FA92F812.taxon	discussion	Taxonomic notes: — Morphologically, Gastrodia exianlingensis is most similar to G. longitubularis and shares a bell-shaped perianth tube, a lip with several longitudinal ridges. However, G. exianlingensis is easily distinguished from G. longitubularis due to its longer column foot and lip claw, lip longer than column and tuber without roots (Table 1).	en	Huang, Ming-Zhong, Wei, Chunyi, Li, Ruyi, Zhao, Xiongde Tu Xuewei, Lan, Siren, Liu, Zhong-Jian (2025): Gastrodia exianlingensis (Gastrodieae, Epidendroideae), a new species of Orchidaceae from Hainan, China. Phytotaxa 689 (1): 158-162, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.689.1.12, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.689.1.12
