identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03F087C6FF86FFDDFF07FBF33DD83C90.text	03F087C6FF86FFDDFF07FBF33DD83C90.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Kerriidae Lindinger 1937	<div><p>Revised key to world genera of the family  Kerriidae, based on adult females</p><p>(modified from Kondo &amp; Gullan 2005, 2007)</p><p>1(0) With perivulvar pore clusters........................................................................... 2</p><p>– Without perivulvar pore clusters......................................................................... 6</p><p>2(1) With 3 or more pairs of perivulvar pores clusters, usually with 9–25 pairs......................................... 3</p><p>– With only 2, rarely 3 pairs of perivulvar pore clusters......................................................... 5</p><p>3(2) Antennae long, usually with 4 or 5 segments. Brachia long, Brachial plates heavily sclerotized, with a distinct terminal constriction behind crater rim......................................................  Metatachardia Chamberlin</p><p>– Antennae short, usually with 1 or 2 segments, rarely with 3 or 4. Brachia either long or short. Brachial plate mildly or heavily sclerotized, without a distinct terminal constriction behind crater rim............................................ 4</p><p>4(3) Canellar pores present near mouthparts.........................................  Kerria (Chamberliniella) Varshney</p><p>- Canellar pores absent from near mouthparts.......................................  Kerria (Kerria) Targioni Tozzetti</p><p>5(2) Marginal duct clusters usually duplex (Fig. 1B), rarely simplex (Fig. 1A). Last antennal segment bearing 3–8 setae...........................................................................................  Tachardiella Cockerell</p><p>– Marginal duct clusters triplex (Fig. 1C). Last antennal segment bearing only 2 setae........  Austrotachardiella Chamberlin</p><p>6(1) Marginal duct clusters each heavily sclerotized, forming a subcircular to oval sclerotized plate (Fig. 1D)..................................................................  Neotachardiella Kondo, Peronti, &amp; Pacheco da Silva,  gen. nov.</p><p>‒ Marginal duct clusters each membranous or only slightly sclerotized, not forming a sclerotized plate................... 7</p><p>7(6) Brachial plates often each with an elevated area or accessory projection containing a group of pseudospines.Brachia membranous, very long and often narrow. Dorsal spine situated at end of a long and narrow membranous pedicel...  Albotachardina Zhang</p><p>– Brachial plates each without an elevated area. Brachia usually short and relatively thick. Dorsal spine not located at end of a long and narrow membranous pedicel..................................................................... 8</p><p>8(7) Dorsal spine duct(s) non-dendritic..................................................  Austrotachardia Chamberlin</p><p>– Dorsal spine duct(s) dendritic............................................................................ 9</p><p>9(8) Each marginal duct cluster with 2 closely associated auxiliary clusters, although auxiliary clusters are occasionally absent from 1 or 2 marginal duct clusters per specimen...........................................  Afrotachardina Chamberlin</p><p>– Each marginal duct cluster without auxiliary clusters, although some microducts may be found scattered around its border.. 10</p><p>10(9) Anal ring divided into 4 separate sections. Derm around microducts in marginal duct clusters often slightly to moderately sclerotized; duct rims of 2 or more microducts often fused, especially around outer margin of cluster...  Tachardina Cockerell</p><p>– Anal ring not divided into 4 separate sections, but may show partial segmentation. Derm around microducts in marginal duct clusters without any sclerotization; microducts not fused, although they may touch each other.  Paratachardina Balachowsky</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F087C6FF86FFDDFF07FBF33DD83C90	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kondo, Takumasa;Silva, Vitor Cezar Pacheco Da;Júnior, Alberto Luiz Marsaro;Takahashi, Satomi Moriyama;Peronti, Ana Lúcia Benfatti Gonzalez	Kondo, Takumasa, Silva, Vitor Cezar Pacheco Da, Júnior, Alberto Luiz Marsaro, Takahashi, Satomi Moriyama, Peronti, Ana Lúcia Benfatti Gonzalez (2025): Redescription of Tachardiella ourinhensis Hempel, 1937 (Hemiptera: Kerriidae) and its transfer to Neotachardiella gen. nov., with descriptions of two new species of Neotachardiella on Myrtaceae from Brazil and Uruguay. Zootaxa 5588 (2): 269-286, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5588.2.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5588.2.4
03F087C6FF86FFDDFF07FF613D773F6A.text	03F087C6FF86FFDDFF07FF613D773F6A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Neotachardiella Kondo, Peronti, & Pacheco da Silva 2025	<div><p>Genus  Neotachardiella Kondo, Peronti &amp; Pacheco da Silva,  gen. nov.</p><p>Type species:  Tachardiella ourinhensis Hempel, 1937: 8‒9 .</p><p>Generic diagnosis. Dorsum. Dorsal setae generally absent. Dorsal macroducts absent. Microducts and spermatoid ducts present. Brachial tube (brachium) short or long. Brachial plate sclerotized, with a shallow crater. Brachial pores numerous, quinquelocular, with loculi very hard to detect. Anterior spiracles present dorsally, large, similar in size to brachial plates or slightly smaller. Anal tubercle well developed. Anal fringe composed of short, spinose ligulate lobes (never as long as anal ring setae), those on mid-areas mostly with bifurcate apices, with those on the sides spiniform. Dorsal spine well developed but short relative to body size; pedicel short or long. Anal ring divided into 4 plates, with a total of 10 setae. Eyespots absent. Venter. Antennae small, with segmentation indistinct, 3- or 4-segmented, with 5–8 setae on apex of apical segment. Mouthparts well developed; labium 1 segmented. Legs present, very small and hard to detect, reduced to small sclerotic peg-like claws; anterior pair greatly reduced, usually represented by a small sclerotic point or claw; posterior leg remnants usually largest. Canellae present. Ventral setae present, very small. Posterior spiracles ventral, much smaller than anterior spiracles. Spiracular pores present, mostly quinquelocular. Marginal duct clusters sclerotized, forming subcircular to oval plates (composed of macroducts, spermatoid ducts, and sometimes incorporating setae that may be inside, touching or near the cluster), numbering 12 (6 on each side), with 4 clusters present submarginally on head between canellae (2 each side) and 4 clusters submarginally on each side between each canella and body apex. Spermatoid ducts present, similar in size and shape to those on dorsum. Ventral duct clusters numbering 8 (4 pairs), posterior pair sometimes subdivided or with a constriction. Microducts present. Perivulvar pores and perivulvar pore clusters absent.</p><p>Etymology. The name of the new genus,  Neotachardiella (gender feminine), is formed by the combination of the Greek word “ neo ” meaning new and  Tachardiella, indicating the close relationship of the two genera.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F087C6FF86FFDDFF07FF613D773F6A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kondo, Takumasa;Silva, Vitor Cezar Pacheco Da;Júnior, Alberto Luiz Marsaro;Takahashi, Satomi Moriyama;Peronti, Ana Lúcia Benfatti Gonzalez	Kondo, Takumasa, Silva, Vitor Cezar Pacheco Da, Júnior, Alberto Luiz Marsaro, Takahashi, Satomi Moriyama, Peronti, Ana Lúcia Benfatti Gonzalez (2025): Redescription of Tachardiella ourinhensis Hempel, 1937 (Hemiptera: Kerriidae) and its transfer to Neotachardiella gen. nov., with descriptions of two new species of Neotachardiella on Myrtaceae from Brazil and Uruguay. Zootaxa 5588 (2): 269-286, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5588.2.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5588.2.4
03F087C6FF81FFD9FF07FB603A643887.text	03F087C6FF81FFD9FF07FB603A643887.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Neotachardiella ourinhensis (Hempel 1937)	<div><p>Neotachardiella ourinhensis (Hempel),  comb. nov.</p><p>(Figs 2A and 3)</p><p>Tachardiella ourinhensis Hempel, 1937: 8 .</p><p>Austrotachardiella ourinhensis (Hempel); Varshney 2020: 3. Change of combination.</p><p>Proposed common names. Español: Insecto laca de Ourinhos; Portuguese: Cochonilha-laca-de-Ourinhos; English: Ourinhos lac insect.</p><p>Material studied. Hempel (1937), in the original description of  Tachardiella ourinhensis, provided measurements probably based on slide-mounted specimens. However, he did not specify the source material. While dry type material of  T. ourinhensis is available at both IBSP and MZSP, no original slide-mounted specimens from Hempelʼs study could be located. Consequently, for this study, new slide mounts were prepared from the available dry material. The slides studied by Hempel (1937) are presumed lost. To preserve stability of nomenclature for this species, a lectotype was designated from the newly slide-mounted syntypes by Kondo, Peronti and Pacheco da Silva.   Lectotype: Adult female, here designated by Kondo, Peronti and Pacheco da Silva, slide-mounted from dry material and labelled as follows: “  KERRIIDAE /  Tachardiella ourinhensis / Hempel / ex  Myrtaceae cultivada / BRASIL: São Paulo / Ourinhos / 27-03-1936, No. 711 / Coll. Adolph Hempel ” 1(1: 1 adult female) (IBSP Type # 711)  .</p><p>Paralectotypes: “  KERRIIDAE /  Tachardiella ourinhensis / Hempel / Slide-mounted from / TYPE materialMZSP / ex  Myrtaceae shrub twig / BRAZIL: São Paulo /  Cachoeira and Ypiranga / Date: Not given / Coll. Adolf Hempel ”), 3(5: 5 adult females) (IBSP);   “  KERRIIDAE /  Tachardiella ourinhensis / Hempel / Slide-mounted from / TYPE material-MZSP / ex  Myrtaceae shrub twig / BRAZIL: São Paulo /  Cachoeira and Ypiranga / Date: Not given / Coll. Adolf Hempel ”), 11 (14: 14 adult females) (MZSP)  .</p><p>Adult female</p><p>Unmounted material (Fig. 2A). Regarding the live appearance, the original description written in Portuguese by Hempel (1937) translates as follows: “The adult female resin is light yellowish green, shiny, sticky, somewhat globular, the resin is composed of many individuals together. Individual insects about 4 mm in diameter and 3 mm in height”. However, the type specimens at the Instituto Biológico de São Paulo are amorphous and dark (Fig. 2A), suggesting that the globular resinous test of this species may deteriorate over time.</p><p>Slide-mounted specimens (Fig. 3) (20 specimens in fairly good condition). Body of adult female elongate oval to broadly pyriform, often with a constriction at level of anterior stigmatic areas; body 1.8–2.9 (lectotype 2.9) mm long, 1.4–3.2 (lectotype 2.7) mm wide.</p><p>Dorsum. Derm membranous. Dorsal setae and macroducts absent. Microducts scarce, scattered; diameter of duct rim 2.0 µm. Spermatoid ducts each about 6.0 µm wide at widest point, hard to detect, scattered throughout dorsum. Brachia short and membranous, each 25–100 µm long. Brachial plates oval to broadly oval, each 155–185 [187] µm long, 145–170 [157] µm wide; brachial crater opening located towards body margin, central, with 2 or 3 (usually 3) setae on anterior margin and 2 or 3 (usually 2) setae on posterior margin (high magnification needed to detect); brachial crater: pore area width 8−13, pore area length 17−21 (pores very difficult to count due to sclerotization). Brachial pores each 5–6 µm wide, loculi not visible in most pores, probably quinquelocular. Ratio of length of brachial plate to length of first marginal duct cluster (mdc-i) 1.4–1.7 (1.5): 1. Anterior spiracles situated on dorsum, large, each surrounded by a spiracular sclerotization, 155−175 µm long, 130−150 µm wide; width of anterior spiracular peritreme 37.5–42.5 µm; spiracular pores around each anterior spiracle of similar structure to brachial pores, each pore 4–5 µm wide with loculi usually not visible; numerous (ca. 75–120 pores). Anal tubercle tapering, highly sclerotized, 235–325 [221] µm long; pre-anal plate 100–170 µm long, 175–300 µm wide; supra-anal plate 125–195 µm long, 200–255 µm wide; pre-anal and supra-anal plates without any setae observed. Dorsal spine well developed, length 110–153 [110] µm, width at base 62.5–107.5 [80] µm; base of dorsal spine with margin undulate. Dorsal spine duct of dendritic type. Anal fringe entire, with 8 lobes, the 6 innermost lobes bifurcate, each 75–103 [42] µm long; each lobe on lateral margins spiniform and shorter, each 45–63 µm long. Anal ring 120–130 [276] µm wide, divided into 4 separate sections, bearing a total of 10 setae, each seta 150–210 [230] µm long, tips of setae surpassing anal fringe. Eyespots absent.</p><p>Venter. Derm membranous; mid-areas of venter posterior to mouthparts with microtrichia. Antennae small, each 70–103 [93] µm long, 35–45 [51] μm wide at base, with segmentation poorly defined, about 3 (more rarely apparently 4) segmented; each segment membranous; setae present on terminal antennal segment, with about 3 fleshy setae, each 7.5–22.5 µm long, and 2 small slender setae, each 5.0–7.5 µm long. Clypeolabral shield 120–165 µm long, 105–125 µm wide. Labium 1 segmented, 52.5–65.0 µm long, 72.5–83.0 µm wide; bearing 4 pairs of setae. Legs each reduced to a remnant claw; each claw 13–32 µm long, prothoracic claw remnant smallest, sometimes absent or not detected; metathoracic claw remnant largest. Canella composed of a linear group of 28–41 (36) pores extending from each dorsal spiracle towards mouthparts; canellar pores each 3.5–5.5 µm wide, loculi on pores very hard to detect, but each pore with about 5 loculi (only visible under 100x objective). Ventral setae slender, each 7.0–11.0 µm long, present in 2 longitudinal rows on mid-areas of abdomen, about 1 pair present anterior to each meso- and metathoracic leg, and present submarginally around marginal duct clusters, often with some setae present inside marginal duct clusters. Posterior spiracles much smaller than anterior spiracles, each with spiracular peritreme 18–31 µm wide; with 6–12 (11) spiracular pores present alongside spiracle, each pore quinquelocular, 4.0–5.0 µm wide. Marginal duct clusters (mdc) each subcircular to oval, number and distribution as for genus; length and width of each marginal duct cluster (in µm), the number of macroducts in each, and the number of spermatoid ducts in each submarginal group as follows: mdc-i: 107–128 long, 80–95 wide, with 5–7 macroducts and 15–21 spermatoid ducts; mdc-ii: 107–140 long, 90–105 wide, with 6–8 macroducts and 12–25 spermatoid ducts; mdc-iii: 127–170 long, 95–120 wide, with 5–8 macroducts and 15–30 spermatoid ducts; mdc-iv: 140–160 long, 100–113 wide, with 4–9 macroducts and 12–30 spermatoid ducts; mdc-v: 142–180 long, 105–130 wide, with 5–9 macroducts and 19–30 spermatoid ducts; mdc-vi: 120–135 long, 92–108 wide, with 6–9 macroducts and 15–26 spermatoid ducts; rim of each macroduct 5.0−6.0 µm wide. Spermatoid ducts similar in size and shape to those on dorsum, scattered, densely packed in each mdc. Ventral duct clusters subcircular to elongate, composed of large-sized microducts (lsm), each 3.0−4.0 µm wide; clusters totaling 4 pairs: with 2 pairs on mid-areas of head, and each side with 1 submedially on area lateral to mdc-iii, and 1 submedially on area lateral to mdc-v; number of large-sized microducts in each ventral duct cluster as follows: vdc-1, 15–41; vdc-2, 26–39; vdc-3, 40–57; and vdc-4, 44–58; vdc-4 represented as an elongate cluster which is often constricted or subdivided into 2 parts. Microducts present, similar to those on dorsum, each with rim about 2.0 µm wide, present marginally and submarginally on venter. Perivulvar pores and perivulvar pore clusters absent.</p><p>Morphological variation. Hempel (1937) reported 4–9 macroducts [as poros maiores] per marginal duct cluster; however, we counted mostly 6 or 7 macroducts, but with as few as 4 and as many as 9 macroducts in each marginal duct cluster. Hempel (1937: 8) also said (translated from Portuguese): “..between the brachial plates [as maços ovaes = ovoid bundles] there are 4 ventral duct clusters [as grupos de pequenas glandulas conicas = groups of small conical glands], each group having 27–35 large-sized microducts [as glandulas = glands]”, whereas we counted 34–50 in each vdc. Furthermore, Hempel reported 40–60 pores [as glandulas = glands] in each canella but we only counted 28–41 pores.</p><p>Host plants.  Myrtaceae .</p><p>Distribution. Neotropical realm: Brazil.</p><p>Notes. In his updated catalogue and bibliography of lac insects of the World, Varshney (2020) transferred  T. ourinhensis to  Austrotachardiella without any explanation, only citing the observations by Matile-Ferrero &amp; Couturier (1993), who pointed out that  T. ourihensis has some affinities with  Austrotachardiella sexcordata Matile-Ferrero, as they share  Myrtaceae as hosts. Kondo &amp; Gullan (2011) included a diagnosis of  T. ourinhensis in their review of the genus  Tachardiella, based on a translation of Hempel’s (1937) original description, but they did not study any specimens. However, Kondo &amp; Gullan (2011) believed  T. ourinhensis to be a species of  Tachardiella because Hempel (1937) described it as having three to four setae at the apex of the antenna; the original description also suggested that the marginal duct clusters were duplex. According to the keys to lac insect genera given by Kondo &amp; Gullan (2011),  Tachardiella has 3–8 setae on the last antennal segment and duplex-type marginal duct clusters, and  Austrotachardiella has 2 setae on the last antennal segment and triplex-type marginal duct clusters. The marginal duct clusters in  Neotachardiella gen. nov. are similar to the duplex type, with macroducts and spermatoid ducts present in a sclerotized plate.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F087C6FF81FFD9FF07FB603A643887	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kondo, Takumasa;Silva, Vitor Cezar Pacheco Da;Júnior, Alberto Luiz Marsaro;Takahashi, Satomi Moriyama;Peronti, Ana Lúcia Benfatti Gonzalez	Kondo, Takumasa, Silva, Vitor Cezar Pacheco Da, Júnior, Alberto Luiz Marsaro, Takahashi, Satomi Moriyama, Peronti, Ana Lúcia Benfatti Gonzalez (2025): Redescription of Tachardiella ourinhensis Hempel, 1937 (Hemiptera: Kerriidae) and its transfer to Neotachardiella gen. nov., with descriptions of two new species of Neotachardiella on Myrtaceae from Brazil and Uruguay. Zootaxa 5588 (2): 269-286, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5588.2.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5588.2.4
03F087C6FF82FFD2FF07FB843C6E38EB.text	03F087C6FF82FFD2FF07FB843C6E38EB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Neotachardiella charruarum Kondo, Peronti & Pacheco da Silva 2025	<div><p>Neotachardiella charruarum Kondo, Peronti &amp; Pacheco da Silva,  sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 2B–E, 4 and 5)</p><p>Proposed common names. Español: Insecto laca de los Charrúas; Portuguese: Cochonilha laca dos Charruas; English: Charrua lac insect.</p><p>Material studied.   Holotype: adult female, labeled as follows: “  Neotachardiella /  charruarum Kondo, / Peronti, Pacheco da Silva / ex twig of  Myrrhinium /  atropurpureum var. / octandrum, URUGUAY / Montevideo, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-56.104443&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-34.894726" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -56.104443/lat -34.894726)">Malvin</a> / 34°53’41”S, 56°06’16”W / 14.ix.2018, No. 150 / coll. V.C. Pacheco da Silva ” (FCE-HE): Catalogue No. FCE-HE 0742, 1(1).</p><p>Paratypes:  Same data as holotype: 2(5: 5 adult females) (CTNI);   same data except: Montevideo, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-56.220554&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-34.836388" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -56.220554/lat -34.836388)">Sayago</a>, 34°50ʹ11ʺS, 56°13ʹ14ʺW, 24.iv.2018, No. 1, 8(38: 27 adult females + 9 first-instar nymphs) (CTNI) ;  same data except: 34°50’12.7”S, 56°13’13.2”W, 24.v.2023, 2(7 adult females);   same data except: 34°50ʹ23ʺS, 56°12ʹ45ʺW, ex  Eugenia uniflora, 22.ii.2020, No. 2, 26(150: 77 adult females + 73 first-instar nymphs) (CTNI) ;  same data except 14.iv.2018, 7(7 adult females) (FCE-HE 0743-0749;   same data except: Montevideo, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-56.199722&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-34.857777" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -56.199722/lat -34.857777)">Prado</a>, 34°51ʹ28ʺS, 56°11ʹ59ʺW, ex  Psidium guajava twig, 30.iv.2020, No. 218, 7(28: 27 adult females + 1 parasitoid pupa) (CTNI) ;   same data except: 34°51’34.6”S, 56°12’02.9”W, ex twig of  Blepharocalyx salicifolius, 24.v.2023, 2(8 adult females) ;   same data except: ex twig of  Psidium cattleyanum, 19.iv.2024, 1(2 adult females), coll. T  .   Kondo and V  .   C. Pacheco da Silva; Montevideo, ex twig of  Luma apiculata, 30.iv.2018, No. 220, 6 (21: 15 adult females + 6 parasitoid pupae) (CTNI), coll. V  .   C.  Pacheco da Silva;   same data except: ex twig of  Myrceugenia glaucescens, 24.v.2023, 1(3 adult females) ;   same data except: 34°54’20.6”S, 56°11’10.0”W, ex twig of  Myrcianthes pungens, 06.iv.2023, 2(10 adult females);   Canelones, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-56.11008&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-34.664223" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -56.11008/lat -34.664223)">Sauce</a>, 34°39ʹ51.2ʺS, 56°06ʹ36.3ʺW, 11(11 adult females);   ex twig of  Eugenia uniflora, 22.ii.2020, coll. V.C. Pacheco da Silva, Catalogue No. FCE-HE 0750-0759 ;   Maldonado, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-55.238945&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-34.869137" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -55.238945/lat -34.869137)">Punta Colorada</a>, 34°52’08.9”S 55°14’20.2”W, 3(8 adult females), ex twig of  Eugenia uniflora, 04.i.2024, coll. V  .   C.  Pacheco da Silva, Catalogue No. FCE-HE 0760  .</p><p>Adult female</p><p>Unmounted material (Figs 2B &amp; C). Resinous test purplish red to dark purplish brown, sometimes with tinges of orange, often appearing brown or black due to sooty mold; tests of adjacent females becoming fused when crowded on infested twigs and branches of host. Test of individual (not fused) specimens hemispherical, each with 4‒10 poorly developed marginal lobes, each lobe rounded, older specimens often becoming spherical; first-instar test incorporated into adult test on mid-dorsum, inconspicuous; adult test also with a circular opening present on an elevated area just posterior to first-instar test. After the removal of the resinous test, the body is ovoid, with a constriction at the stigmatic areas and anal tubercle protruding (Fig. 2E).</p><p>Dimensions of adult female test: young adult female 1.5–2.2 mm long, 1.5–2.2 mm wide, 1.0– 1.5 mm high; older adult female 2–3 mm long, 2–3 mm wide, 1–2 mm high (n = 10 specimens). Resin texture very hard, brittle and shiny. Often with white waxy filaments projecting from dorsum of test, corresponding to locations of brachial plates and anal tubercle.</p><p>Slide-mounted specimens (Fig. 4) (described from 20 specimens in good condition). Adult female subcircular, oval or elongate oval to broadly pyriform, often with a constriction at level of anterior stigmatic areas. Body 0.8–3.0 (holotype 1.7) mm long, 0.7–2.7 (holotype 1.6) mm wide (Fig. 4).</p><p>Dorsum. Derm membranous. Dorsal setae and macroducts absent. Microducts scarce, scattered; diameter of duct rim 2.0 µm. Spermatoid ducts each 5−6 µm wide at widest point, scattered throughout dorsum. Brachia short, each 75−158 µm long, basal part membranous, with area that touches brachial plates becoming a sclerotized wall with longitudinal furrows at maturity; sclerotized area 27–75 µm long, measured from base of brachial plate to membranous area of brachia. Brachial plates circular, oval to broadly oval, each 130–165 µm long, 102–145 µm wide; brachial crater opening situated towards body margin, with 2 or 3 (usually 3) setae on anterior margin and 2 or 3 (usually 2) setae on posterior margin (high magnification needed to detect); brachial crater: pore area width 7−9, pore area length 14−18. Brachial pores heavily sclerotized, each 4−6 µm wide, loculi not visible in most pores but probably quinquelocular. Ratio of length of brachial plate to length of first marginal duct cluster (mdc-i) 1.7–2.4 (2.2): 1. Anterior spiracles situated on dorsum, large, each surrounded by a spiracular sclerotization, 112−163 µm long, 90−140 µm wide; width of anterior spiracular peritreme 31–45 µm; spiracular pores of similar structure to brachial pores, loculi on each pore usually not visible, each pore 3−4 µm wide; numerous, with (31–73) pores around each spiracle. Anal tubercle tapering, highly sclerotized, 175–303 µm long; pre-anal plate 53–165 µm long, 220–293 µm wide; supra-anal plate 103–148 µm long, 188–225 µm wide; with no setae observed on pre-anal and supra-anal plates. Dorsal spine well developed, 105–125 µm long, 66–93 µm wide at base; dorsal spine duct of dendritic type. Anal fringe entire, with 4 innermost lobes bifurcate, each 57–105 µm long; the 2 lobes on each lateral margin usually spiniform, innermost lobes longer, straight or bent, usually with a pointed apex, rarely bifurcate, each 52–80 µm long; outermost lobes shortest, each 32–53 µm long with a pointed apex. Anal ring 95–108 µm wide, divided into 4 separate sections, bearing a total of 10 setae, each seta 158–263 µm long, tips of setae surpassing anal fringe. Eyespots absent.</p><p>Venter. Derm membranous; mid-areas of venter posterior to mouthparts with microtrichia. Antennae small, each 67–98 µm long, 30–50 μm wide at base, with segmentation poorly defined, about 3 or 4 segmented; each segment membranous; fleshy setae totaling about 3, each 10–23 µm long, present only on last segment when 3 segmented or on last 2 segments when 4 segmented (1 on penultimate segment, and others all on terminal segment); slender setae totaling about 3 or 4, present only on last segment, each 3–6 µm long. Clypeolabral shield 127–158 µm long, 107–120 µm wide. Labium 1 segmented, 55–75 µm long, 55–80 µm wide; bearing 4 pairs of setae. Legs each reduced to a remnant claw; each claw 9–36 µm long, with prothoracic claw remnant smallest, sometimes absent or not detected, metathoracic claw remnant largest. Canella composed of a linear group of 16–33 pores extending from each dorsal spiracle towards mouthparts; canellar pores each 5–6 µm wide, loculi on pores very hard to detect, but with about 5 loculi (only visible under 100x objective). Ventral setae slender, each 5.0–12.5 µm long, present in pairs on mid-areas of abdomen, about 1 pair present anterior to each meso- and metathoracic leg, and submarginally around marginal duct clusters, often with some setae inside marginal duct clusters. Posterior spiracles much smaller than anterior spiracles, each with spiracular peritreme 25–35 µm wide; with 3–8 (mostly 5) spiracular pores present alongside spiracle, each pore quinquelocular, 4–5 µm wide. Marginal duct clusters (mdc) each subcircular to oval; number and distribution as for genus; length and width of each marginal duct cluster (in µm), the number of macroducts in each cluster, and the number of spermatoid ducts in each submarginal group (when present) as follows: mdc-i: 60–85 long, 48–75 wide, with 5–9 macroducts and 0–2 (rarely up to 8) spermatoid ducts; mdc-ii: 63–95 long, 53–80 wide, with 5–9 macroducts and 0–4 (rarely up to 8) spermatoid ducts; mdc-iii: 73–103 long, 63–83 wide, with 4–10 macroducts and 0–3 spermatoid ducts; mdc-iv: 68–103 long, 65–88 wide, with 5–10 macroducts and 0–3 (rarely up to 8) spermatoid ducts; mdc-v: 73–120 long, 58–93 wide, with 4–12 macroducts and 0–5 spermatoid ducts; mdc-vi: 63–98 long, 55–88 wide, with 5–10 macroducts and 0–3 spermatoid ducts; rim of each macroduct 4–6 µm wide. Spermatoid ducts similar in size and shape to those on dorsum, scattered, densely packed in each mdc. Ventral duct clusters (vdc) each subcircular to elongate, composed of large-sized microducts (lsm), each 3–5 µm wide, totaling 4 pairs: 2 pairs on mid areas of head, and each side with 1 present submedially on area lateral to mdc-iii, and 1 present submedially on area lateral to mdc-v; number of large-sized microducts in each ventral duct cluster as follows: vdc-1, 10–38; vdc-2, 9–30; vdc-3, 10–38; and vdc-4, 21–56; vdc-4 represented as an elongate cluster which is usually constricted or subdivided into 2 parts. Microducts present, similar to those on dorsum, each with rim about 2.0 µm wide, present marginally and submarginally on venter. Perivulvar pores and perivulvar pore clusters absent.</p><p>Note. Specimens exhibit a range of sizes. In smaller individuals, sclerotized structures, including marginal duct clusters, the dorsal spine, and brachial plates, appear disproportionately larger relative to their body size (see illustration of a smaller specimen in the bottom left corner of Fig. 4). Conversely, in larger specimens, these structures appear smaller in proportion to the increased body size (Fig. 4, main illustration). Measurements revealed a significant overlap in the actual sizes of these structures across specimens of different sizes, and counts of pores and microducts do not support any substantial differences between large and small individuals.</p><p>First-instar nymph</p><p>Unmounted material (Fig. 2D). Test elongate oval, with segmentation visible dorsally, body tapering towards posterior apex, about 0.5 mm long, 0.3 mm wide; orange to orange-brown, with small dots covering the entire dorsum under high magnification; with white cottony wax protruding from spiracular areas, and short waxy filaments protruding from anal ring (n = 10 specimens). Eyes well developed, reddish brown. In older specimens, the resin becomes visible around the margins of the insect.</p><p>Slide-mounted specimens (Fig. 5) (described from 10 specimens in good condition). Body elongate oval, narrowing towards posterior end. Body 440–550 µm (ca. 0.4–0.5 mm) long, 200–250 µm (ca. 0.2–0.3 mm) wide.</p><p>Dorsum. Derm membranous, dorsal segmentation clearly visible. Dorsal spine absent. Supra-anal plates each irregularly rectangular, narrowing at outer angles, each plate 20–28 µm long, 10–19 µm wide; dorsal surface with a pair of ligulate lobes, each lobe 15–20 µm long; with a very long apical seta, as long as body length; ventral surface of supra-anal plate with a pair of ventral marginal setae, each seta 14–18 µm long. Anal ring 23–28 µm wide, bearing 6 setae and an irregular row of translucent wax pores. Dorsal microducts each with rim about 2.0 µm wide, present on body margin of most segments, with about 9 microducts on each side. Spermatoid ducts present, marginally and on mid-dorsum, difficult to detect, 4.0–4.5 µm wide at widest point. Dorsal setae absent.</p><p>Margin. Outline smooth except for indentation (spiracular cleft) near anterior spiracle on each side. Eyes located on ventral margins, on area posterolateral to each antennal scape. Each spiracular cleft with a pair of pseudospines: 1 anteriorly and the other posteriorly on each side of cleft, each pseudospine 6–8 µm long. Pseudocerarius present marginally near apex of abdomen on each side, anteroventral to supra-anal plates; composed of a pair of pseudospines with derm around their bases slightly sclerotized; each pseudospine 12–23 µm long.</p><p>Venter. Derm membranous. Antennae each 135–150 µm long, 6 segmented, with third segment longest; setae as follows: segment I with 3 hair-like setae; segment II, 2 thick setae and a campaniform sensillum; segment III, 1 hair-like seta; segment IV, 1 fleshy seta; segment V, 1 fleshy seta plus 2 very long setose setae; and segment VI with 3 thick setae, 4 fleshy setae and 1 short seta (basiconic sensillum) situated between paired fleshy setae. Mouthparts normal; clypeolabral shield 97.5–107.5 µm long, 62.5–72.5 µm wide; labium 1 segmented, 35.0–47.5 µm long, 47.5–60.0 µm wide, bearing about 8 setae. Legs well developed; trochanter + femur 72.5–82.5 µm long, tibia + tarsus 85.0–97.5 µm long; tarsal digitules of each prothoracic leg dissimilar, one knobbed, 27.5–32.5 µm long, and other spiniform, 7.5–10.0 µm long; tarsal digitules on each mesothoracic and metathoracic leg similar, both knobbed, with longer digitule 35.0–38.8 µm long, shorter digitule 27.5–30.0 µm long. Claws each 15.0–20.0 µm long, with a denticle; claw digitules similar, thin and knobbed, each 17.5–18.8 µm long, with apex of each digitule slightly surpassing apex of claw. Anterior and posterior spiracles similar, each with a well-developed muscle plate, width of peritremes each 6–8 µm. Spiracular pores: each pore about 3.0 µm wide, quinquelocular (but loculi difficult to detect); pores totaling 8–13 in spiracular furrow between anterior spiracle and body margin, and with 1 pore just anterior to each anterior and posterior spiracle in a small depression. Ventral microducts absent. Ventral setae: with a pair of long submedial setae present on each abdominal segment; a seta anterior to each mid- and hind-coxa, each seta 25–35 long; 3 pairs of interantennal setae, each seta 10–30 µm long; a pair of ventral cephalic setae on head, each 7–15 µm long; and ventral submarginal setae slender, short, each 4.0–6.0 µm long, numbering 2 anterior to eye, 2 anterior to spiracular cleft, 1 posterior to each spiracular cleft, and about 4 setae anterior to pseudocerarii.</p><p>Etymology. The species is named after the Charrúa, an indigenous people who historically inhabited Uruguay and parts of neighboring Argentina (Entre Ríos) and Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul). The specific epithet  charruarum is a combination of “Charrua” and the Latin genitive plural suffix - arum, which is used for feminine nouns. Thus,  Neotachardiella charruarum translates to “  Neotachardiella of the Charrúa people.”</p><p>Biology. In Uruguay, the largest hatching of first-instar nymphs (crawlers) of  N. charruarum was observed at the beginning of summer, typically within a 10-day period from December 15th to 21st, 2023; the highest number of crawlers observed on the 21st. Dead adult females from the previous year remain on branches, while the crawlers move towards the tender shoots or new growth of the current year. A second, much smaller emergence of crawlers occurs towards the end of March. The species overwinters as first-instar nymphs. The female appears to reproduce by parthenogenesis; males have never been observed.</p><p>Host plants.  Myrtaceae:  Blepharocalyx salicifolius,  Eugenia uniflora,  Luma apiculata,  Myrceugenia glaucescens,  Myrcianthes pungens,  Myrrhinium atropurpureum var. octandrum,  Psidium cattleyanum and  Psidium guajava . All specimens were collected on twigs.</p><p>Distribution. Neotropical realm: Uruguay (Canelones, Maldonado and Montevideo).</p><p>Natural enemies. Two sizes of parasitoid wasp exit holes were observed in the tests of  N. charruarum . A hyperparasitoid collected was identified as  Marietta sp. ( Hymenoptera:  Aphelinidae).</p><p>Associated insects. The lac insects were found attended by unidentified ants.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F087C6FF82FFD2FF07FB843C6E38EB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kondo, Takumasa;Silva, Vitor Cezar Pacheco Da;Júnior, Alberto Luiz Marsaro;Takahashi, Satomi Moriyama;Peronti, Ana Lúcia Benfatti Gonzalez	Kondo, Takumasa, Silva, Vitor Cezar Pacheco Da, Júnior, Alberto Luiz Marsaro, Takahashi, Satomi Moriyama, Peronti, Ana Lúcia Benfatti Gonzalez (2025): Redescription of Tachardiella ourinhensis Hempel, 1937 (Hemiptera: Kerriidae) and its transfer to Neotachardiella gen. nov., with descriptions of two new species of Neotachardiella on Myrtaceae from Brazil and Uruguay. Zootaxa 5588 (2): 269-286, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5588.2.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5588.2.4
03F087C6FF89FFD1FF07FC683B3C38CF.text	03F087C6FF89FFD1FF07FC683B3C38CF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Neotachardiella nangapire Kondo, Peronti & Pacheco da Silva 2025	<div><p>Neotachardiella nangapire Kondo, Peronti &amp; Pacheco da Silva,  sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 2F, 2G, 2I and 6)</p><p>Proposed common names. Español: Insecto laca de la pitanga; Portuguese: Cochonilha laca da pitanga; English: Pitanga fruit lac insect.</p><p>Material studied.   Holotype: Adult female, slide labeled as; “  Neotachardiella /  nangapire Kondo, / Peronti, Pacheco da Silva / Guabiroba-  Campomanesia /  xanthocarpa ( Myrtaceae) / Sample No. 846 / Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul / Passo Fundo, Sample 47- 11 / August 27, 2011 / Alberto L. Marsaro Junior ”, 1(1 adult female), Catalogue No. 1000 (UFSCar).</p><p>Paratypes: BRAZIL: Rio Grande do Sul, Passo Fundo, ex  Psidium guajava, 27.vii.2011,  No. 842, 46/11, 5(5 adult females), coll. A.L. Marsaro Junior, Catalogue No. FCE-HE 0761-0765 ;   same data except:  No. 842. 45/11, 2(4 adult females) + wet sample in 2 tubes, Catalogue No. 1001 (UFSCar) ;  same data except: 19.viii.2023, 10(25 adult females), Catalogue No. FCE-HE 0768-0777;  same data except: 10.xiii.2023, 2(6 adult females), Catalogue No. FCE-HE 0778-0779;   same data except: No. 1500,  Sample 01/21, June 06, 2021, 2 slides (4 adult females) + wet sample in 1 tube (UFSCar) ;   same data except: ex  Campomanesia xanthocarpa, 27.vii.2011,  No. 846, 47/11, 6(7 adult females), Catalogue No. 1002 (UFSCar) ;  same data except: 2(2 adult females), Catalogue No. FCE-HE 0766-0767;   same data except: 29.viii.2022,  No. 1501, 03/22, 2 (4 adult females + wet sample in 1 tube, Catalogue No. 1003 (UFSCar); same data except: ex  Eugenia uniflora, 19.viii.2023, 7(20 adult females), Catalogue No. FCE-HE 0780-0786.</p><p>Adult female</p><p>Unmounted material (Figs 2F and G). Resinous test orange to orange-brown, often appearing brown when covered in sooty mold; tests of adjacent females becoming fused when crowded on infested twigs and branches of host. Test of individual specimens (not fused) hemispherical, often with 12 well-developed marginal lobes, each lobe rounded, resembling  a pitanga ( E. uniflora) fruit (Fig. 2H); lobes fused in older specimens, which become almost spherical; first-instar test incorporated into adult test on mid-dorsum, inconspicuous; adult test also with a circular opening nearby on an elevated area just posterior to first-instar test. Dimensions of adult female test: young adult female 2.7–3.1 mm long, 2.2–3.0 mm wide, 1.3–1.7 mm high (n = 10 specimens). Resinous text texture very hard, brittle and shiny. Often with white waxy filaments projecting from dorsum of test, corresponding to locations of brachial plates and anal tubercle.</p><p>Slide-mounted specimens (Fig. 6) (described from 40 specimens in good condition). Adult female broadly pyriform, often with a constriction at level of anterior stigmatic areas. Body 1.0–3.2 (holotype 1.8) mm long, 1.0–3.3 (holotype 1.4) mm wide (Fig. 6).</p><p>Dorsum. Derm membranous. Dorsal setae and macroducts absent. Microducts scarce, scattered; diameter of each duct rim about 2.0 µm. Spermatoid ducts each about 6.0 µm wide at widest point, scattered throughout dorsum. Brachia long and membranous (Fig. 2I), length when fully developed about 4x length of a brachial plate. Brachial plates oval to broadly oval, each 158–188 µm long, 118–150 µm wide; brachial crater opening located towards body margin, with 2 or 3 (usually 3) setae on anterior margin and 2 or 3 (usually 2) setae on posterior margin (high magnification needed to detect); brachial crater: pore area width 8−11, pore area length 14−22. Brachial pores each 4−6 µm wide, often with a thick sclerotized rim, loculi not visible in most pores, probably quinquelocular. Ratio of length of brachial plates to length of first marginal duct cluster (mdc-i) 1.5–2.8: 1. Anterior spiracles situated on dorsum, large, each surrounded by a spiracular sclerotization, 130−253 µm long, 108−160 µm wide; width of each anterior spiracular peritreme 30–45 µm; spiracular pores similar in structure to brachial pores, but with a less-sclerotized rim, loculi in each pore usually not visible, each pore 4−6 µm wide; numerous (ca. 55–120 pores) around each spiracle. Anal tubercle tapering, highly sclerotized, 233–268 µm long; pre-anal plate 93–133 µm long, 188–320 µm wide; supra-anal plate 125–173 µm long, 173–218 µm wide; no setae observed on pre-anal or supra-anal plates; pre-anal and supra-anal plates situated on a membranous tubular extension which is about 2.5x or longer than anal tubercle. Dorsal spine well developed, 95–138 µm long, 50–75 µm wide at base; dorsal spine duct of dendritic type. Anal fringe entire, with lobes bifurcate or spiniform (innermost lobes always bifurcate); 4 innermost lobes longest, each 55–105 µm long; 2 lobes on each lateral margin shorter, straight or bent; penultimate lobes (= lobes on each side anterior to outermost lobes) bifurcate or spiniform, each 53–95 µm long; outermost lobe shortest, 43–65 µm long, with a pointed apex. Anal ring 100–115 µm wide, divided into 4 separate sections, bearing a total of 10 setae, each seta 163–263 µm long, tips of setae surpassing anal fringe. Eyespots absent.</p><p>Venter. Derm membranous; mid areas of venter posterior to mouthparts with microtrichia. Antennae small, each 70–108 µm long, 35–50 μm wide at base, with segmentation poorly defined, about 3 or 4 segmented; each segment membranous; fleshy setae totaling 3–5, each 11–26 µm long, present only on terminal segment when 3 segmented, or on last 2 segments when 4 segmented (with 1 fleshy seta on penultimate segment, and other setae on terminal segment); slender setae usually totaling 2 or 3, present only on terminal segment, each 5–7 µm long. Clypeolabral shield 128–155 µm long, 105–120 µm wide. Labium 1 segmented, 63–103 µm long, 65–75 µm wide; bearing 4 pairs of setae. Legs each reduced to a remnant claw; each claw 9–50 µm long, prothoracic claw remnant smallest, sometimes absent or not detected, metathoracic claw remnant largest. Canella composed of a linear group of 27–49 pores extending from anterior spiracles towards mouthparts; canellar pores each 4.0–5.0 µm wide, loculi on pores very hard to detect, but with about 5 loculi (only visible under 100x objective). Ventral setae slender, each 5.0–8.0 µm long, present in pairs on mid-areas of abdomen, about 1 pair present anterior to each meso- and metathoracic leg, and submarginally around marginal duct clusters, often with some setae found inside marginal duct clusters. Posterior spiracles much smaller than anterior spiracles, each spiracular peritreme 26–35 µm wide; with 7–11 (mostly 8) pores alongside anterior margin of spiracle, each pore quinquelocular, 4.0–5.0 µm wide. Marginal duct clusters (mdc) each oval to elongate oval; number and distribution as for genus; length and width of each marginal duct cluster (in µm), the number of macroducts in each cluster, and the number of spermatoid ducts in each submarginal group as follows: mdc-i: 78–108 long, 70–95 wide, with 7–10 macroducts and 7–29 spermatoid ducts; mdc-ii: 95–125 long, 78–110 wide, with 6–10 macroducts and 10–33 spermatoid ducts; mdc-iii: 113–160 long, 85–120 wide, with 6–10 macroducts and 20–37 spermatoid ducts; mdc-iv: 110–150 long, 88–123 wide, with 6–9 macroducts and 17–39 spermatoid ducts; mdc-v: 115–153 long, 90–125 wide, with 7–11 macroducts and 18–36 spermatoid ducts; and mdc-vi: 93–135 long, 90–125 wide, with 5–10 macroducts and 11–35 spermatoid ducts; rim of each macroduct 4−6 µm wide. Spermatoid ducts similar in size and shape to those on dorsum, scattered, densely packed in each mdc. Ventral duct clusters (vdc) subcircular to elongate, composed of large-sized microducts (lsm), each 3.0−4.0 µm wide, situated medial to each pair of marginal duct clusters; number of large-sized microducts in each ventral duct cluster as follows: vdc-1, 23–50; vdc-2, 26–67; vdc-3, 32–70; and vdc-4, 42–82; vdc-4 represented as an elongate cluster which is usually constricted or subdivided into 2 (rarely 3) parts. Microducts present, similar to those on dorsum, each with rim about 2.0 µm wide, present marginally and submarginally on venter. Perivulvar pores and perivulvar pore clusters absent.</p><p>Morphological variation. Not detected.</p><p>Notes. The adult female of  N. nangapire most closely resembles that of  N. ourinhensis . However, they are readily distinguishable by the shorter brachia and dorsal spine pedicel in  N. nangapire . These structures are approximately equal in length to a single brachial plate, whereas in  N. ourinhensis, they are roughly four times the length of a brachial plate. Furthermore, the resinous test of individual  N. nangapire specimens typically exhibits 12 well-developed lobes, creating an appearance reminiscent of  a pitanga fruit. In contrast,  N. ourinhensis possesses poorly developed lobes, and its resinous test never resembles  a pitanga fruit.</p><p>Etymology. The species is named after the Guarani word  “ñangapiré ”, which refers to the pitanga fruit,  Eugenia uniflora, the shape and color of which the adult female lac insect resembles (Figs 2F and 2H). The epithet  nangapire is used here as a noun in apposition.</p><p>Host plants.  Myrtaceae:  Campomanesia xanthocarpa,  E. involucrata,  E. uniflora and  P. guajava . All specimens were collected on the twigs of their host plant.</p><p>Damage. Due to its feeding habit as a sap-sucking phytophagous insect, this scale insect causes direct damage to the host plants by extracting the phloem sap. Infestations of the scale insect have been observed exclusively on branches. Because of their feeding, the scale insects excrete a substantial amount of “honeydew,” a sugary substance that serves as a substrate and food source for the growth of dark-colored saprophytic fungi ( Capnodium spp.), commonly known as sooty molds. These fungi block light and air from the leaves, hindering respiration and photosynthesis, leading to the premature shedding of these plant organs. Sooty molds also develop on fruits, marring their appearance and probably affecting their potential development. In cases of heavy infestations, apical branches have been observed to become defoliated and desiccated or dead.</p><p>Associated insects. Ants of the species  Camponotus mus Roger ( Hymenoptera:  Formicidae) have been observed associated with  N. nangapire, feeding on the honeydew they produce.</p><p>Distribution. Neotropical realm: Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F087C6FF89FFD1FF07FC683B3C38CF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kondo, Takumasa;Silva, Vitor Cezar Pacheco Da;Júnior, Alberto Luiz Marsaro;Takahashi, Satomi Moriyama;Peronti, Ana Lúcia Benfatti Gonzalez	Kondo, Takumasa, Silva, Vitor Cezar Pacheco Da, Júnior, Alberto Luiz Marsaro, Takahashi, Satomi Moriyama, Peronti, Ana Lúcia Benfatti Gonzalez (2025): Redescription of Tachardiella ourinhensis Hempel, 1937 (Hemiptera: Kerriidae) and its transfer to Neotachardiella gen. nov., with descriptions of two new species of Neotachardiella on Myrtaceae from Brazil and Uruguay. Zootaxa 5588 (2): 269-286, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5588.2.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5588.2.4
03F087C6FF8AFFD1FF07FC4D3DD83EDB.text	03F087C6FF8AFFD1FF07FC4D3DD83EDB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Neotachardiella Kondo & Silva & Júnior & Takahashi & Peronti 2025	<div><p>Key to species of  Neotachardiella gen. nov., based on adult females</p><p>1(0) Brachia and dorsal spine pedicel very long, each about 4x length of a brachial plate. Test very hard and brittle, orange to orange-brown; test of individual (not fused) adult females usually with 12 well-developed lobes, resembling  a pitanga fruit (Fig. 2F–H)..............................................................  Neotachardiella nangapire sp. nov.</p><p>– Brachia and dorsal spine pedicel short, each about same length as length of a brachial plate. Test hard or soft, not orange in color; test of individual (not fused) adult females usually with poorly developed lobes, never resembling  a pitanga fruit.... 2</p><p>2(1) Total number of spiracular pores by posterior spiracle numbering usually 5 (range 3–8). First pair of marginal duct clusters (mdc-i) smaller than others, measuring 60–85 µm long, 48–75 µm wide, with 0–8 spermatoid ducts in subcircular-to-oval area (when present). Test hemispherical, with poorly developed marginal lobes, dull or only slightly shiny, purplish red to dark purplish brown (Fig. 2B and C)........................................................  N. charruarum sp. nov.</p><p>– Total number of spiracular pores by posterior spiracle numbering usually 11 (9–12). First pair of marginal duct clusters (mdc-i) larger than others, measuring 107–128 µm long, 80–95 µm wide, with 15–21 spermatoid ducts in subcircular-to-oval area. Test globular, shiny, light yellowish green in fresh specimens (Hempel, 1937: 8; not illustrated) but may become amorphous and dark in old specimens (Fig. 2A)............................................  N. ourinhensis (Hempel) comb. nov.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F087C6FF8AFFD1FF07FC4D3DD83EDB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kondo, Takumasa;Silva, Vitor Cezar Pacheco Da;Júnior, Alberto Luiz Marsaro;Takahashi, Satomi Moriyama;Peronti, Ana Lúcia Benfatti Gonzalez	Kondo, Takumasa, Silva, Vitor Cezar Pacheco Da, Júnior, Alberto Luiz Marsaro, Takahashi, Satomi Moriyama, Peronti, Ana Lúcia Benfatti Gonzalez (2025): Redescription of Tachardiella ourinhensis Hempel, 1937 (Hemiptera: Kerriidae) and its transfer to Neotachardiella gen. nov., with descriptions of two new species of Neotachardiella on Myrtaceae from Brazil and Uruguay. Zootaxa 5588 (2): 269-286, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5588.2.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5588.2.4
