identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03FE87E1C158AD53FF3D5F36B8B0D271.text	03FE87E1C158AD53FF3D5F36B8B0D271.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Nactus erugatus Zug 2020	<div><p>Nactus erugatus group</p><p>This clade of large-bodied species includes at least three described species, and a suite of additional moderately divergent lineages (p -distances&gt; 10%) from the eastern tip of the Papuan Peninsula and D’Entrecasteux Islands, suggesting that several candidate taxa noted by Zug (2020) but undiagnosed may indeed be distinct species. In contrast, specimens from the respective type series of N. erugatus and N. notios from the far eastern tip of the Papuan Peninsula show very low divergence (p -distances &lt;3%) and the only character postulated by Zug (2020) to differentiate them is whether the subcaudal scales are completely smooth or keeled towards the distal end of the tail. Furthermore, they occur in very close proximity (less than 20 km apart). Accordingly, we consider N. erugatus and N. notios conspecific. As first revisers, we assign N. erugatus the senior name on the basis that it is a more euphonious.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FE87E1C158AD53FF3D5F36B8B0D271	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Oliver, Paul M.;Kraus, Fred;Austin, Christopher C.;Tedeschi, Leonardo G.;O’Brien, Aurora R.;Maddock, Simon T.	Oliver, Paul M., Kraus, Fred, Austin, Christopher C., Tedeschi, Leonardo G., O’Brien, Aurora R., Maddock, Simon T. (2024): Lineage diversity in a Melanesian lizard radiation (Gekkonidae: Nactus) further highlights exceptional diversity and endemism in eastern Papua New Guinea. Organisms Diversity & Evolution 24 (4): 557-572, DOI: 10.1007/s13127-024-00655-w, URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13127-024-00655-w
03FE87E1C158AD53FF3D59ACBC84D594.text	03FE87E1C158AD53FF3D59ACBC84D594.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Nactus heteronotus (Boulenger 1885)	<div><p>Nactus heteronotus group</p><p>This clade has a disjunct distribution spanning northern Australia, the southern coast of New Guinea and the northern coast of New Guinea. In Australia and northern New Guinea, we had little trouble matching lineages to names; lineages from southern New Guinea were much more problematic. Samples from the type locality of N. heteronotus on Yule Island ( cf. heteronotus 5) are genetically somewhat divergent from a population of small-bodied Nactus ( cf. heteronotus 2) that Zug (2020) assigned to this species from savannahs around Port Moresby. These Yule Island samples are genetically closer to samples from the Kikori and Purari River basins ( cf. heteronotus 3) that Zug assigned to N. papua . The holotype of N. heteronotus is believed to be immature, meaning it is difficult to determine what the typical adult size of the population it hails from is (Zug, 2020). In addition, Nactus populations from Laronu ( cf. alotau) that Zug ascribed to N. alotau (see below) fall into the N. heteronotus species group and are genetically highly divergent from other samples of N. alotau . Clearly resolving species boundaries and diversity within this group will take some work, but to stabilise the taxonomy of the group, we consider all these six lineages conspecific. Accordingly, we consider N. papua a synonym of N. heteronotus and apply the earlier name, N. heteronotus, to all populations of smaller-bodied Nactus (max SVL &lt;65 mm) in a well-supported and geographically cohesive clade occurring from Gulf Province, Central Province, and into southwestern Oro Province (including some that have been referred to as N. alotau).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FE87E1C158AD53FF3D59ACBC84D594	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Oliver, Paul M.;Kraus, Fred;Austin, Christopher C.;Tedeschi, Leonardo G.;O’Brien, Aurora R.;Maddock, Simon T.	Oliver, Paul M., Kraus, Fred, Austin, Christopher C., Tedeschi, Leonardo G., O’Brien, Aurora R., Maddock, Simon T. (2024): Lineage diversity in a Melanesian lizard radiation (Gekkonidae: Nactus) further highlights exceptional diversity and endemism in eastern Papua New Guinea. Organisms Diversity & Evolution 24 (4): 557-572, DOI: 10.1007/s13127-024-00655-w, URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13127-024-00655-w
03FE87E1C158AD52FC855E8AB830D3CC.text	03FE87E1C158AD52FC855E8AB830D3CC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Nactus multicarinatus (Gunther 1872)	<div><p>Nactus multicarinatus group</p><p>This low-divergence clade of medium-sized species is widespread across the Pacific Ocean and also includes scattered populations from along the northern coast of New Guinea. In addition to the bisexual populations we targeted here, mitochondrial data indicate the widespread parthenogen N. pelagicus is also nested within this clade (Fig. S1, Heinicke et al., 2010).</p><p>Our sampling from Sudest and Rossell islands included type material of N. modicus, so we can unambiguously match lineage and name in this case. This name is associated with one of the more genetically divergent lineages in the N. multicarinatus group (Figs. 2 and 3) and is well circumscribed geographically so we continue to recognise it as a distinct species. Our sampling from Misima includes specimens that are morphologically similar to N. fredkrausi (although not from the type locality), and we consider our material to represent this species, while noting a need for further sampling across Misima to confirm this.</p><p>We were also able to sample material from type series of at least three other species described by Zug (2020) that are nested within the N. multicarinatus group; however, all pose systematic issues. Samples from across northern New Guinea were provisionally assigned to N. allenallisoni because they include the type of this species, but this form shows only shallow divergence from other members of the clade (p -distances typically &lt;3%), suggesting it is not a distinct taxon.</p><p>The name N. robertfisheri was applied to all bisexual Nactus populations from New Britain through to Bougainville by Zug (2020); however, we found populations from these areas to be potentially paraphyletic with respect to some other named taxa ( N. multicarinatus). Some samples from New Britain (including the type specimen) are more closely related to samples from across the Solomon Islands and Vanuatu than to other geographically proximate populations on New Britain. Additional divergent lineages from within the range of this putative taxon were also present on Bougainville. This means that differentiation of this taxon from N. multicarinatus (to which it was not compared in the original description) appears lacking. In all cases, divergence values among lineages were not particularly high.</p><p>Finally, Nactus alotau from around the type locality and including the type specimen clearly sits inside the broader complex of bisexuals comprising of ‘ N. multicarinatus ’ and ‘ N. robertfisheri ’.</p><p>Based on the above findings, the nomina N. allenallisoni, N. alotau and N. robertfisheri all fall within a strongly supported clade that shows extensive but shallow structure and includes samples of N. multicarinatus from around the type locality in Vanuatu. Based on these data, we synonymise all these names with N. multicarinatus, a name that applies to bisexual populations in the N. multicarinatus group occurring across the vast area extending from the northern coast of New Guinea into the outer low islands of the EPCT (Kiriwina and Yanaba) and throughout the islands of the outer Melanesian arcs (including cf. multicarinatus lineages 3 through to 8).</p><p>Lineages in the N. multicarinatus group from the Foja Mountains ( cf. multicarinatus 1) and Woodlark ( cf. multicarinatus 2) are more divergent, and we do not consider these to represent N. multicarinatus at this time. The OTU cf. multicarinatus 1 is of uncertain taxonomic placement— based on locality and slightly upland habitat, it could be N. grevifer or N. rainerguentheri; however, for now, we refrain from referring it to any described species as the morphological characters provided by Zug and examination of the specimen do not provide us with any confidence as to its specific identity.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FE87E1C158AD52FC855E8AB830D3CC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Oliver, Paul M.;Kraus, Fred;Austin, Christopher C.;Tedeschi, Leonardo G.;O’Brien, Aurora R.;Maddock, Simon T.	Oliver, Paul M., Kraus, Fred, Austin, Christopher C., Tedeschi, Leonardo G., O’Brien, Aurora R., Maddock, Simon T. (2024): Lineage diversity in a Melanesian lizard radiation (Gekkonidae: Nactus) further highlights exceptional diversity and endemism in eastern Papua New Guinea. Organisms Diversity & Evolution 24 (4): 557-572, DOI: 10.1007/s13127-024-00655-w, URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13127-024-00655-w
