identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03FC879BFFB3FFF2AE94589B2C8B8CA3.text	03FC879BFFB3FFF2AE94589B2C8B8CA3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lytopylus Foerster 1862	<div><p>Lytopylus Foerster, 1862</p><p>Lytopylus Foerster, 1862: 279 .</p><p>Type species:  Lytopylus azygos Viereck, 1905 by monotypy, first included species.</p><p>Agathellina Enderlein, 1920: 211 . Type species:  Agathellina columbiana Enderlein, 1920 .</p><p>Ditropia Enderlein, 1920: 210 . Type species:  Ditropia strigata Enderlein, 1920 .</p><p>Austroearinus Sharkey, 2006: 45 . Type species:  Bassus rufofemoratus Muesebeck, 1927 .</p><p>Diagnosis.  Lytopylus can be distinguished from all other agathidines with the following combination of characters: tarsal claws simple with a basal lobe; mesoscutum unsculptured and notauli absent; fore wing vein (RS+M)a not complete; vein CUb of hind wing weak or absent and never tubular; hind coxal cavities open.</p><p>Biology. Koinobiont endoparasitoids of  Lepidoptera larvae.</p><p>Species diversity. Including three species described here, there are now 44 described species of  Lytopylus .</p><p>Distribution. New World, from northeastern USA south to Argentina, primarily Neotropical.  Lytopylus unicolor: (Neotropical, Nearctic, Oriental, Afrotropical and Australian), including Argentina, USA, India, Australia, Bermuda, New Zealand, and South Africa (Odebiyi &amp; Ottman, 1977).</p><p>Key to Brazilian species of  Lytopylus Foerster, 1862</p><p>1. Flagellum black with apical flagellomeres pale yellow (Figure 1A); anterior transverse carina of propodeum absent (Figure 1D)...............................................  Lytopylus melanoflavus Silva, Shimbori &amp; Fernandes sp. nov.</p><p>- Flagellum entirely black (Figure 2A, 3A); anterior transverse carina of propodeum present (Figure 2E, 3H).............. 2</p><p>2 (1).  Mesosoma with dark brown or black markings: ventrally at propleuron and mesopleuron, two longitudinal stripes at mesonotum, and most of metanotum....................................................  Lytopylus strigata (Enderlein 1920)</p><p>-  Mesosoma entirely or nearly entirely yellow................................................................ 3</p><p>3 (2). Median tergites entirely yellow; hind tibia pale basally, black apically (Figure 2A, 2F).....................................................................................  Lytopylus minimus Silva, Shimbori &amp; Fernandes sp. nov.</p><p>- Median tergites mostly black (base of the second tergite onwards black); hind tibia black basally and distally (Figure 3A, 3G)..........................................................  Lytopylus tigrinus Silva, Shimbori &amp; Fernandes sp. nov.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FC879BFFB3FFF2AE94589B2C8B8CA3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Silva, Antonielson B.;Shimbori, Eduardo M.;Fernandes, Daniell R. R.	Silva, Antonielson B., Shimbori, Eduardo M., Fernandes, Daniell R. R. (2025): Three new species of Lytopylus Foerster, 1862 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Agathidinae) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5594 (1): 167-176, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5594.1.8, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5594.1.8
03FC879BFFB0FFF2AE945E252B608BBD.text	03FC879BFFB0FFF2AE945E252B608BBD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lytopylus melanoflavus Silva, Shimbori & Fernandes 2025	<div><p>Lytopylus melanoflavus Silva, Shimbori &amp; Fernandes sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 1 A– I)</p><p>Type material.   Holotype female: Brazil, Amazonas, Manaus, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-59.55&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-2.95" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -59.55/lat -2.95)">Reserva Ducke</a>, 2°57′S 59°55″W, L8-4500, Malaise 2, Período 24h, XI-2014. Azevedo, S.S. col. (INPA).</p><p>Diagnosis. May be distinguished from all other known members of the genus by the following combination of characters: antenna with 34 flagellomeres, mostly black with 15 apical flagellomeres pale yellow; fore wing and hind wing entirely infuscate; fore wing second submarginal cell quadrate; mesoscutum entirely orange-yellow; propodeum with areola wide and well developed, and anterior transversal carina absent; median tergites entirely orange-yellow; ovipositor 1.0× longer than metasoma.</p><p>Description of female. Body length 8.41 mm (Fig. 1A).</p><p>Head: Antenna with 34 flagellomeres, 8.3 mm; head transverse in dorsal view, about 2.1× wider than long.  Mesosoma: Scutellar sulcus with one median longitudinal carina; median areola of metanotum well defined with lateral and centrally sharp carinae. Fore wing entirely infuscate, length 8.16 mm; second submarginal cell of fore wing quadrate, height 0.56 mm; (RS+M) a well-developed, almost complete but not tubular at midlength. Propodeum with well-defined median areola; areola wider anteriorly, length 4.4× its width; anterior transverse carinae absent. Metasoma: First median tergite with 2 distinct lateral longitudinal carinae extending 3/4 the length of the median tergite; median syntergite 2+3 1.2× longer than wide; metasoma 1.0× longer than the ovipositor.  Color: Mostly orangish-yellow, except: antenna black (except 15 apical flagellomeres pale yellow, and pedicel and scape yellowish brown), mandible teeth, tarsal claws, apex of the posterior tibia, and the entire posterior tarsus, dark brown; vertex of head mostly yellowish brown, wings entirely infuscated, ovipositor and ovipositor sheath dark brown with light brown ovipositor apex.</p><p>Male. Unknown.</p><p>Distribution. Amazonas (Brazil) (Fig. 4)</p><p>Biology. Host unknown.</p><p>Etymology. The specific epithet  “ melanoflavus ” was chosen because the species has the antenna mostly black (melano in Latin) but apically yellow (flavus in Latin).</p><p>Discussion. The new species is similar to  Lytopylus chrysokeras (Sharkey, 2006), in having a yellow body, black antenna with apical flagellomeres pale yellow, and the propodeum with a well-defined median areola, which is wider anteriorly. It differs from  L. chrysokeras in its larger size (body length 8.4 mm compared with 4.6 mm in  L. chrysokeras), antenna with more yellow flagellomeres apically (15 compared with 4–6 in  L. chrysokeras), second submarginal cell of fore wing quadrate (triangular and sessile in  L. chrysokeras), and wings entirely infuscate (infuscate only apically in  L. chrysokeras).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FC879BFFB0FFF2AE945E252B608BBD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Silva, Antonielson B.;Shimbori, Eduardo M.;Fernandes, Daniell R. R.	Silva, Antonielson B., Shimbori, Eduardo M., Fernandes, Daniell R. R. (2025): Three new species of Lytopylus Foerster, 1862 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Agathidinae) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5594 (1): 167-176, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5594.1.8, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5594.1.8
03FC879BFFB1FFF5AE945A812877886B.text	03FC879BFFB1FFF5AE945A812877886B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lytopylus minimus Silva, Shimbori & Fernandes 2025	<div><p>Lytopylus minimus Silva, Shimbori &amp; Fernandes sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 2 A– H)</p><p>Type material.   Holotype female: Brazil, Mato Grosso, Tangará da Serra, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-57.746387&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.310178" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -57.746387/lat -14.310178)">Faz Aparecida da Serra</a>, 14°18′36.64″S 57°44′47.00″W, Cerrado, Malaise, 24.VIII.2017. Carvalho, G.S. col. (INPA)</p><p>Paratype: Brazil, Mato Grosso, Tangará da Serra, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-57.746387&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.310178" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -57.746387/lat -14.310178)">Faz Aparecida da Serra</a>, 14°18′36.64″S 57°44′47.00″W, Cerrado, Malaise, 24.VIII.2017. Carvalho, G.S. col. (2 females, INPA)</p><p>Diagnosis. May be distinguished from all other known members of the genus by the following combination of characters: antenna with 31 flagellomeres; fore and hind wing entirely infuscated, fore wing second submarginal cell triangular and petiolate anteriorly; mesoscutum entirely orange-yellow; propodeal areola wide and well developed, anterior transversal carina of propodeum present; base of the first posterior tarsi orange yellow; metasoma 1.2–1.5× longer than the ovipositor.</p><p>Description of female. Body length 3.9–4.3 mm (Fig. 2A).</p><p>Head: Antenna with 31 flagellomeres, 4.5 mm; head transverse in dorsal view, about 2.4× wider than long.  Mesosoma: Scutellar sulcus with one median longitudinal carina; median areola of metanotum well defined with lateral and centrally sharp carinae. Fore wing mostly infuscate, length 3.8–4.4 mm; second submarginal cell of fore wing triangular and petiolate anteriorly, height 0.10–0.13 mm; (RS+M) a well-developed, almost complete but not tubular at midlength. Propodeum with well-defined median areola; areola wider anteriorly, length 3.2–3.3× its width; anterior transverse carinae present and reaching lateral margin. Metasoma: First median tergite with 2 distinct lateral longitudinal carinae extending 3/5–4/5 length of the median tergite; median syntergite 2+3 1.0 –1.1× longer than wide; metasoma 1.2–1.5× longer than ovipositor.  Color: Mostly orange yellow, except: antenna black (except pedicel and scape orange yellow on the ventral side), jaw teeth, tarsal claws, apex of posterior tibia, posterior tarsi and ovipositor sheath, black; base of first posterior tarsi and ovipositor orange yellow; wings entirely infuscate.</p><p>Male. Unknown.</p><p>Distribution. Mato Grosso (Brazil) (Fig. 4)</p><p>Biology. Host unknown.</p><p>Etymology. The specific epithet  “ minimus ” was chosen because the species is one of the smallest in length within the genus  Lytopylus, measuring 3.9–4.3 mm in length whereas most described species are more than 5.0 mm in length.</p><p>Discussion. The new species is similar to  Lytopylus johanvalerioi Kang, 2017, sharing several characters such as wings entirely infuscate, one median longitudinal carina at scutellar sulcus, median propodeal areola with well-defined margins, complete anterior transverse carina of propodeum reaching the lateral margin, and second submarginal cell of fore wing triangular and petiolate. It differs from  L. johanvalerioi in the smaller size (body length 3.9–4.3 mm compared with 4.9 mm in  L. johanvalerioi); second submarginal cell of fore wing triangular and petiolate (triangular and sessile in  L. johanvalerioi), and body mostly orangish yellow body except for tarsi and apex of posterior tibia dark brown, compared with the mostly bright yellow  L. johanvalerioi, with black markings on face, frons, vertex and occiput, pronotum, all tarsi, most of fore and middle femurs and tibias, and the apex and base of hind tibia.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FC879BFFB1FFF5AE945A812877886B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Silva, Antonielson B.;Shimbori, Eduardo M.;Fernandes, Daniell R. R.	Silva, Antonielson B., Shimbori, Eduardo M., Fernandes, Daniell R. R. (2025): Three new species of Lytopylus Foerster, 1862 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Agathidinae) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5594 (1): 167-176, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5594.1.8, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5594.1.8
03FC879BFFB7FFF8AE9459EB2AA08C8B.text	03FC879BFFB7FFF8AE9459EB2AA08C8B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Lytopylus tigrinus Silva, Shimbori & Fernandes 2025	<div><p>Lytopylus tigrinus Silva, Shimbori &amp; Fernandes sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 3 A– H)</p><p>Type material.   Holotype female: Brazil, Amazonas, Novo Airão, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-60.923336&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-2.8141665" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -60.923336/lat -2.8141665)">Igarapé Mato Grosso</a>, AM-240, Km 27. 02°48′51″S 60°55′24″W, 07-11.VII.2015. Xavier-Filho, F.F. col. (INPA).</p><p>Diagnosis. May be distinguished from all other known members of the genus by the following combination of characters: antenna with 36 flagellomeres; fore wing and hind wing entirely infuscate, second submarginal cell of fore wing triangular; mesoscutum entirely brownish orange; propodeal areola wide and well developed, anterior transversal carina of propodeum present; metasoma with black bands apically onT3–6 apically; apex of the median tibia and entire posterior tarsi brown; base of first posterior and median tarsi orange yellow; metasoma 1.1× longer than ovipositor.</p><p>Description of female. Body length 5.64 mm (Fig. 3A).</p><p>Head: Antenna with 36 flagellomeres, 5.1 mm; head transverse in dorsal view, about 2.1× wider than long.  Mesosoma: Scutellar sulcus with one median longitudinal carina; median areola of metanotum well defined with lateral and centrally sharp carinae. Fore wing entirely infuscate, length 4.71 mm; second submarginal cell of fore wing triangular and sessile, height 0.21 mm; (RS+M)a well-developed, almost complete but not tubular at midlength. Propodeum with well-defined median areola; areola wider anteriorly, length 3.8× its width; anterior transverse carinae present and reaching lateral margin. Metasoma: First median tergite with 2 distinct lateral longitudinal carinae extending 3/5 length of the median tergite; median syntergite 2+3 0.9× longer than wide; metasoma 1.1× longer than ovipositor.  Color: Mostly brownish orange, except: antenna, tarsal claws, edge of mesoscutum, apex and base of posterior tibia, entire posterior tarsi, and metasomal T3–T6 with black bands apically; apex of mid tibia and posterior tarsi brown; base of first posterior and mid tarsi orange yellow; wings entirely infuscate, ovipositor sheath dark orange.</p><p>Male. Unknown.</p><p>Distribution. Amazonas (Brazil) (Fig. 4)</p><p>Biology. Host unknown.</p><p>Etymology. The specific epithet  “ tigrinus ” was chosen to reflect the characteristic of the metasoma that has an orange hue with black stripes like those of tigers.</p><p>Discussion. The new species is similar to  Lytopylus alejandromasisi Kang, 2017 (Kang et al. 2017), in having the fore wing uniformly infuscate, hind tibia black basally and apically and yellow medially, anterior transverse carina of propodeum reaching lateral margin, and second submarginal cell of fore wing triangular and sessile. It differs from  L. alejandromasisi in having a larger body length, measuring 8.4 mm, compared with 5.6 mm in  L. alejandromasisi, and a mostly brownish orange body with black bands apically on T3–6, compared with a mainly black body with contrasting bright yellow thorax in  L. alejandromasisi .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FC879BFFB7FFF8AE9459EB2AA08C8B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Silva, Antonielson B.;Shimbori, Eduardo M.;Fernandes, Daniell R. R.	Silva, Antonielson B., Shimbori, Eduardo M., Fernandes, Daniell R. R. (2025): Three new species of Lytopylus Foerster, 1862 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Agathidinae) from Brazil. Zootaxa 5594 (1): 167-176, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5594.1.8, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5594.1.8
