identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03878790FF82FFE4FDA5F9C9655A6000.text	03878790FF82FFE4FDA5F9C9655A6000.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Oncopodura ochokochi Mehrafrooz Mayvan & Kovac 2025	<div><p>Oncopodura ochokochi Mehrafrooz Mayvan &amp; Kováč, sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 1–6, Table 1)</p><p>Diagnosis. PAO with a simple lobe. Unguis elongated, untoothed. Dorsal side of manubrium with 11+11 ciliated setae and 4+4 smooth macrosetae. Dens at basal part with 1 dorsointernal hook, at the distal part with 1 dorsointernal and 1 dorsoexternal hook. Mucro with 4 teeth and 2 basal scales.</p><p>Type locality. GEORGIA, Samegrelo, Martvili, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=42.41925&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.510334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 42.41925/lat 42.510334)">Jortsku Cave</a>, GPS coordinates: 42°30′37.2″N, 42°25′09.3″E, the cave entrance at 665 m a.s.l.</p><p>Type material. Holotype: female on slide [JoGe101], dark zone, deep section, hand collecting on surface of a small sinter pool, 19.vi.2023, leg. Ľ. Kováč . Paratype: 1 specimen on slide [JoGe102], ibidem, hand collecting on cave floor, 22.x.2022, air temperature +11.5 °, leg. E. Maghradze. Holotype and paratype deposited in CoPJSU, Košice, Slovakia .</p><p>Description. Body appearance. Body length in holotype 1.91 mm. Colour white, without traces of pigment, body covered by hyaline scales.</p><p>Antenna. Antenna slightly longer than head, without apical bulb or scales (Fig. 2A–F). Length of Ant I: II: III: IV in holotype as 0.039: 0.059: 0.083: 0.13 mm respectively. Ant I (Fig. 2D) with 7 thick setae (6 dorsal and 1 ventral) and 10 ordinary setae – 2 dorsolateral and 8 ventral (shorter than ordinary setae on Ant II–III). Ant II with 1 small wrinkled subapical sensillum (identical with those in Ant III organ), 1 subapical modified seta (Fig. 2E), 4 blunt sensilla (Fig. 2F), 10 dorsal and 8 ventral setae and 3 ventrolateral setae. Ant III with sensory organ formed by 2 small wrinkled subapical sensilla, 2 guard setae and 1 long ventral rod-shape blunt sensillum (Fig. 2D), 20 dorsal and 12 ventral setae on Ant III. Ant IV with a vertical row of 4 thick medial sensilla (Fig. 2A), equally distant from each other, and 1 subapical modified seta in front of the fourth sensillum (Fig. 2B). Ventral side of Ant IV with ordinary setae, dorsal part with elongated setae.</p><p>Head. Eyes absent. PAO in form of a small, simple lobe near base of Ant I (Fig. 3B). Labrum with 4 prelabral setae and 3 rows of 5, 5 and 4 setae on papillae, the proximal row of labral setae is arranged in a W-shape (Fig. 3C). Right mandible with 4 teeth and left mandible with 3 teeth (Fig. 3F).</p><p>Head dorsally with scales. Head dorsally with numerous microsetae as in Figure 3A, 5 +5 inter-antennal setae and 3 setae placed posterior to PAO: 1 ciliated seta, 1 smooth seta and 1 smooth microseta. Two rows of 5 and 6 setae, respectively, posterior to prelabral setae. Head ventrally without scales, chaetotaxy as in figure 3F, all setae smooth. Labial palps with 6 proximal setae. Labial triangle with 8 smooth setae. Labium and labial triangle as in Fig. 3D.</p><p>Body. Dorsal body chaetotaxy as in figure 4A–C, the chaetotaxy follows the general pattern characteristic for the genus (Szeptycki 1977; Jordana et al. 2012). Mesothorax extended forward slightly over the head, with a distal row of smooth spine-like setae, 1+1 subapical medial spine-like setae, 1+1 lateral trichobothria and 1+1 medial pseudopores. Metathorax with 2+2 lateral spine-like setae (Fig. 4B), 2+2 trichobothria and 1+1 medial pseudopores. Abdomen I with 1+1 medial pseudopores. Abd II with 1+1 trichobothrium, 2+2 medial smooth macrosetae, 1+1 lateral spine-like setae and 1+1 medial pseudopores. Abd. III with 1+1 lateral ciliated macrosetae and 1+1 medial pseudopores, 1+1 latero-posterior ciliated macrosetae and 1+1 lateral smooth spine-like setae. Abd IV with 4+4 ciliated macrosetae and 1+1 medial pseudopores. Abd V with 2+2 anterior sensilla, 5+5 ciliated macrosetae (Fig. 4C) and 1+1 smooth laterodistal spine-like setae. Epiproct on Abd VI with 5+5 ciliated macrosetae, 2+2 medial smooth macrosetae and 1 medial ciliated macroseta (Fig. 5A), paraproct with 13+13 ciliated macrosetae and 5+5 smooth setae (Fig. 4D). VT (collophore) with 3+3 setae, without prominent papillae. Tenaculum with 4+4 teeth, its corpus with 1 thick basal seta broadened at the base.</p><p>Legs. Without scales, chaetotaxy as in Fig. 5A–C. Leg I: trochanter with 5 setae, femur with 7 setae, Ti with 29 setae. Leg II: trochanter with 5 setae, femur with 8 setae; Ti with 27 setae and 1 spoon-like macroseta in its middle part. Leg III: trochanter with 4 setae, femur with 11 setae, Ti with 25 setae. Most Ti setae large, acuminate, and extremely finely ciliated; tenent hair slender and acuminate. Unguis (Fig. 5D–F) elongated, untoothed; unguis I ratio length/width: 4.34; pretarsus with 3 lobes (1 long and 2 short) and 2 short setae (1 ventral and 1 dorsal); basal lamella present, longer than half its length; unguiculus acuminate.</p><p>Furca. Length of manubrium: dens: mucro in holotype as 0.21: 0.12: 0.14 mm respectively. Ventral side of manubrium with scales, dorsal side with 4+4 smooth macrosetae, 5+5 ciliated macrosetae; 5+5 ciliated mesosetae, 1+1 ciliated distal macrosetae reaching towards the dens, 3+3 lateral microsetae and 3+3 laterodistal spine-like mesosetae (Fig. 6A). Ventral side of dens with scales; dorsal side of dens with ciliated macrosetae (often broken, their position can be checked easily by characteristic sockets), and dorsointernal and dorsoexternal hooks. Basal part of dens dorsointernally with 1 toothed hook, 1 smooth short conical spine (basally broadened and strongly tapered at the top) in medial position, 1 ciliated macroseta between hook and spine, and 3 macrosetae on basal tubercle on dorsal side (2 ciliated and 1 smooth macroseta). Basal part of dens dorsoexternally with 1 long, smooth conical spine in proximal position, 1 short, smooth conical spine in distal position and 2 ciliated macrosetae located between them. Distal part of dens dorsally with 2 short, smooth medial spine-like setae; dorsointernally with 1 distal dentated hook, 1 ciliated macroseta and 1 short smooth conical spine in medial position; externally with 1 long and strong distal dentated hook and 1 ciliated medial macroseta. Dens apically with 5 smooth ventral setae (Fig. 6B). Mucro (Fig. 6C) slightly longer than dens with 4 dorsal teeth (2 intermediate and 2 apical) and 2 basal scales surpassing apex of mucro.</p><p>Discussion. Among the 55 known species to date, O. ochokochi sp. nov. along with O. cavernarum Stach, 1934, O. gledensis Baquero,Vadell &amp; Jordana, 2007 and O. siquierae Seminario-Cordova, Baquero, Jordana &amp;Vadell, 2018 are characteristic with PAO in form of a simple lobe (Tab. 1). Oncopodura ochokochi sp. nov. is distinguished from the other three species by the absence of a basal sensillum on Ant. IV that is present in the others. Oncopodura ochokochi sp. nov. and O. siquierae differ from O. cavernarum and O. gledensis by basal lamella of unguis longer than half its length that is shorter or equal than half of its length in O. cavernarum and O. gledensis . Moreover, there is a difference between these similar species in the number of sensilla on Ant II: O. ochokochi sp. nov. has 4 sensilla, O. cavernarum and O. gledensis have 2 sensilla, and sensilla are missing in O. siquierae .</p><p>It is important to note that the number and position of hooks on dens in O. ochokochi sp. nov. and other Oncopodura congeners with 1 simple lobe in PAO is identical: basal part with 1 dorsointernal hook and distal part with 1 dorsoexternal and 1 dorsointernal hook.</p><p>Etymology. The name of the new species is derived from a figure “ochokochi ”, which represents in Georgian mythology the god who protects wild animals.</p><p>Remarks to ecology and adaptations. Based on its occurrence in a deep cave section, O. ochokochi sp. nov. may be assigned to troglobionts that are animals with their whole life cycle restricted to subterranean habitats. It shows a moderate level of troglomorphy, i.e morphological adaptations to cave environment: slight elongation of unguis, elongation of basal lamella of unguis that is longer than half of its length, and increase of number of sensilla on Ant II.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03878790FF82FFE4FDA5F9C9655A6000	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Mayvan, Mahmood Mehrafrooz;Barjadze, Shalva;Maghradze, Eter;Kováč, Ľubomír	Mayvan, Mahmood Mehrafrooz, Barjadze, Shalva, Maghradze, Eter, Kováč, Ľubomír (2025): A new subterranean and troglomorphic species of the genus Oncopodura Carl & Lebedinsky, 1905 (Hexapoda, Collembola) from Samegrelo karst region in Georgia. Zootaxa 5679 (3): 388-398, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5679.3.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5679.3.4
03878790FF8BFFE4FDA5FE6C61C56688.text	03878790FF8BFFE4FDA5FE6C61C56688.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Oncopodura Carl & Lebedinsky 1905	<div><p>Updated key to European species of genus Oncopodura</p><p>The following key was prepared based on the diagnostic characters of worldwide Oncopodura species (adapted from Szeptycki 1977, Mari Mutt 1984, Christiansen &amp; Bellinger 1998 and Mehrafrooz Mayvan et al. 2024). This should be considered a tentative key, since the limited data on several important characters in some species included. *considered as species inquirenda, due to insufficient or doubtful data in the original description</p><p>1. Without PAO........................................................................................ 2</p><p>- With PAO........................................................................................... 6</p><p>2. With 4 medial sensilla on Ant IV........................................................................ 3</p><p>- With more than 4 medial sensilla on Ant IV............................ O. lebretoni Deharveng, 1988 (France, cave)</p><p>3. Mucro with 4 teeth.................................................................................... 4</p><p>- Mucro with 5 teeth.......................... O. fadriquei Jordana &amp; Baquero in Jordana et al., 2012 (Spain, cave)</p><p>4. Dens with at least 1 basal dorsointernal hooks; with at most 2 blunt sensilla on Ant II............................... 5</p><p>- Dens without basal dorsointernal hooks; with 13 blunt sensilla on Ant II..... O. jauzioni Deharveng, 1988 (France, cave)</p><p>5. Unguis basal lamella shorter than or equal to half the length of the unguis; Dens with 1 distal dorsoexternal hook and 1 distal dorsointernal hook......................................... O. hamata Carl &amp; Lebedinsky, 1905 (Crimea, cave)</p><p>- Unguis basal lamella longer than half the length of the unguis; Dens without distal dorsoexternal hook and with 2 distal dorsointernal hooks......................................... O. occidentalis Bonet, 1931 (Spain &amp; France, cave)</p><p>6. PAO with 1 simple lobe................................................................................ 7</p><p>- PAO with 3 or more lobes............................................................................. 10</p><p>7. Unguis basal lamella shorter than or equal to half the length of the unguis........................................ 8</p><p>- Unguis basal lamella longer than half the length of the unguis................................................. 9</p><p>8. Claw normal; Ant IV with rounded sensilla.............. O. gledensis Baquero, Vadell &amp; Jordana, 2007 (Spain, cave)</p><p>- Claw elongated; Ant IV with short sensilla..................... O. cavernarum Stach, 1934 (Italy and Slovenia, cave)</p><p>9. Ant IV without basal blunt sensilla; Ant II with 4 blunt sensilla.................. O. ochokochi sp. nov. (Georgia, cave)</p><p>- Ant IV with 1 basal blunt sensillum; Ant II without sensilla................................................................................... O. siquierae Seminario-Cordova, Baquero, Jordana &amp; Vadell, 2018 (Spain, cave)</p><p>10. PAO with 3 lobes............................................... O. tricuspidata Cassagnau, 1964 (France, cave)</p><p>- PAO with 4 or more lobes............................................................................. 11</p><p>11. PAO with 4 lobes.................................................................................... 12</p><p>- PAO with more than 4 lobes........................................................................... 14</p><p>12. Dens with 1 basal dorsointernal hook; with unguis basal lamella............................................... 13</p><p>- Dens with 2 basal dorsointernal hooks; without unguis basal lamella.................................................................................................. O. meridionalis Cassagnau, 1959 (Spain, beech humus)</p><p>13. Ant IV without basal sensilla; Dens with 1 distal dorsointernal hook............ O. vioreli Gruia, 1989 (Romania, cave)</p><p>- Ant IV with 1 basal sensillum; Dens with 2 distal dorsointernal hooks....................................................................... O. jugoslavica Absolon &amp; Kseneman, 1932 (Bosnia &amp; Herzegovina and Croatia, cave)</p><p>14. PAO with 6 simple lobes.............................................................................. 15</p><p>- PAO with 6 lobes subdivided into 2 or more fingers........................................................ 16</p><p>14. PAO with 6–8 simple lobes; with elongated s setae on Abd V ................... O. pegyi Gruia, 1994 (Romania, cave)</p><p>- PAO with 6 simple lobes; s setae on Abd V not elongated.................................................... 15</p><p>15. Basal tubercle with 1 ciliated seta and 1scale; unguis normal......................................................................... O. crassicornis Shoebotham, 1911 (England, France, Poland and Hungry, eipigeic and cave)</p><p>- Basal tubercle with 2 ciliated setae; unguis much slender................... O. pelissiei Deharveng, 1988 (France, cave)</p><p>16. Some PAO lobes simple and some lobes subdivided into 2 fingers. Ant IV with 4 medial sensilla. Dens without basal dorsoexternal hooks, with 1 distal dorsoexternal hook. Dens with 2 basal and 2 distal dorsointernal hooks.............................................................................. O. reyersdorfensis Stach, 1936 (Poland, cave)</p><p>- PAO lobes subdivided into 2–3 fingers. Ant IV with 4 medial sensilla. Dens without basal dorsoexternal hooks, with 1 distal dorsoexternal hook. Dens with 3 basal and 4 distal dorsointernal hooks................................................................................................ O. dethieri Janssens &amp; De Bruyn, 2010 (Belgium, cave)</p><p>- PAO lobes subdivided into 3 fingers. Ant IV without medial sensilla. Dens with 1 basal and 2 distal dorsoexternal hooks. Dens with 1 basal and 1 distal dorsointernal hook......... O. egerszogensis Loksa, 1961 (Hungary, cave), species inquirenda*</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03878790FF8BFFE4FDA5FE6C61C56688	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Mayvan, Mahmood Mehrafrooz;Barjadze, Shalva;Maghradze, Eter;Kováč, Ľubomír	Mayvan, Mahmood Mehrafrooz, Barjadze, Shalva, Maghradze, Eter, Kováč, Ľubomír (2025): A new subterranean and troglomorphic species of the genus Oncopodura Carl & Lebedinsky, 1905 (Hexapoda, Collembola) from Samegrelo karst region in Georgia. Zootaxa 5679 (3): 388-398, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5679.3.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5679.3.4
